Kodi tikambirane za matenda a ubongo otchedwa Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuvulala mutu mobwerezabwereza?

Mitu yathu ndi yamtengo wapatali komanso yofewa, sichoncho? Koma nthawi zina, tikamasewera masewera, kugwa, kapena kuchita ngozi zina, timatha kuvulala pang'ono ndi kuvulala m'mitu mwathu. Mwina mudamvapo kuti mitu yathu ikakhudzidwa ndi izi, osati kamodzi kapena kawiri kokha, koma mosalekeza, kwa zaka zambiri, zimatha kuwononga ubongo wathu. Imeneyo ndi imodzi mwa matenda akuluakulu komanso anthawi yayitali omwe tikambirane lero, matenda oopsa a encephalopathy, kapena CTE mwachidule.

Kodi CTE (Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, CTE ndi matenda a ubongo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kumenyedwa mutu mobwerezabwereza ndi kugwedezeka kwa ubongo. Zingasinthe momwe ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za ubongo wanu zimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe zimalankhulirana. Zili ngati makina ogwira ntchito bwino omwe mwadzidzidzi amasokonezeka. Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka ndi ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zakhudzidwa, zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri.

Tiyeni tifotokoze tanthauzo la dzina lakuti CTE pang'ono:

• Matenda Osatha: Izi zikutanthauza kuti CTE si chinthu chomwe chimayamba ndikutha pakapita nthawi yochepa, koma ndi vuto la nthawi yayitali .
• Zoopsa: Izi zikutanthauza kuti zikugwirizana ndi kuvulala kapena kuvulala .
• Encephalopathy: Ili ndi liwu lochokera ku mawu awiri achigiriki. Liwuli limatanthauza "matenda a ubongo."

Chifukwa chake, tikaphatikiza zonsezi, tikumvetsa kuti CTE ndi matenda a ubongo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuvulala mutu mobwerezabwereza.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a CTE?

CTE ingayambe mwa aliyense amene wagwidwa ndi vuto la kugwedezeka kwa ubongo. Koma sizichitika mwadzidzidzi. Kwa anthu ambiri, zingatenge zaka, ngakhale zaka makumi ambiri, kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwedezeka kwa ubongo akhala ndi vuto la kugwedezeka kwa ubongo kwa zaka zambiri. Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu makamaka kwa akatswiri othamanga.

Taganizirani izi, anthu omwe amasewera masewera monga nkhonya, MMA (mixed martial arts), rugby, ndi mpira wamiyendo. Kodi amamenyedwa kangati m'mutu? Komanso, asilikali ena ali pachiwopsezo chifukwa amayenera kukumana ndi zinthu monga kuphulika.

Koma nayi nkhani. Si aliyense amene amachita masewera kusukulu amene amakulitsa vutoli. Avereji ya zaka za anthu omwe apezeka ndi CTE ndi zaka pafupifupi 42-43. Izi zikutanthauza kuti limawonekera patapita nthawi pang'ono.

Ngati tiyang'ana bwino lomwe yemwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu:

• Anthu omwe amachita masewera ankhondo: Nkhonya, masewera ankhondo osakanikirana (MMA), komanso masewera ankhondo achikhalidwe monga taekwondo ndi judo nawonso ali pachiwopsezo.
• Anthu omwe amasewera masewera olumikizana: makamaka masewera monga mpira wamiyendo (wa ku America), hockey ya ayezi, ndi rugby.
• Anthu omwe amachita zinthu za mumsewu: okwera njinga, oyenda pansi pa rollerblading, oyenda pa skateboard (chiopsezo chimakhala chachikulu ngati sakuvala chisoti).
• Asilikali: Omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha kuphulika ndi kuvulala kofanana ndi komwe kunachitika muubongo.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, akatswiri sakudziwa bwino momwe matenda a CTE amachitikira kawirikawiri. Chifukwa chimodzi ndi chakuti pakadali pano palibe njira yotsimikizira 100% kuti munthu ali ndi matendawa akadali ndi moyo. Madokotala angakayikire, koma sanganene motsimikiza popanda kufufuza ubongo panthawi yochita opaleshoni.

Komanso, zizindikiro za CTE zimafanana kwambiri ndi matenda ena a muubongo monga matenda a Alzheimer's ndi frontotemporal dementia , kotero nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa awiriwa.

Kodi zizindikiro za CTE ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za CTE nthawi zambiri zimakula pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono zimawonjezeka pakapita nthawi. N'zovuta kunena nthawi yeniyeni yomwe zimayambira kapena momwe zimakulira mofulumira.

Zina mwa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Kuvuta kuganizira ndi kuganizira chinthu chimodzi (timachitchanso kuti "kulephera kuzindikira bwino pang'ono").
• Kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi.
• Kutaya kukumbukira kwakanthawi kochepa (sindingathe kukumbukira zomwe zangochitika kapena zomwe zanenedwa).
• Kusintha kwa khalidwe: Zinthu monga kukwiya mwadzidzidzi, kukwiya mpaka kufika pophulika.

Kuwonjezera pa izi, zizindikiro zina zingawonekere:

• Kuvutika maganizo (kumva chisoni, kusafuna chilichonse).
• Kuvuta kukonzekera ndi kuchita ntchito moyenera (`(Kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa Executive)`).
• Kulankhula movutikira, kulankhula movutikira.
• Kunjenjemera m'miyendo ndi mayendedwe osalamulirika a minofu (omwe amatchedwanso "Parkinsonism", ofanana ndi zizindikiro za Parkinson).
• Zili ngati kutaya mphamvu pamene mukuyenda, kugwedezeka.
• Kutayika kwa mgwirizano wa miyendo (`(Ataxia)`).
• Kuwonjezeka kwa khalidwe laukali.
• Maganizo odzivulaza, maganizo ofuna kudzipha kapena kuyesa kudzipha.

Chofunika: Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi maganizo amenewa, chonde funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo. Imbani dokotala, mnzanu, kapena nambala yadzidzidzi.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa CTE?

Pali zinthu ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimathandiza pakukula kwa CTE.

1. Kuvulala mutu mobwerezabwereza:

Ichi chimaonedwa kuti ndicho chifukwa chachikulu cha CTE. Chofunika ndichakuti si kuvulala kulikonse komwe kumafuna kuti munthu 'amenyedwe'.Ngakhale ziphuphu zazing'ono ndi mabala zimasonkhana pakapita zaka zambiri kuti zikhale vutoli. Taganizirani ngati kumenya khoma ndi nyundo mobwerezabwereza. Kumenya kamodzi sikungathandize kwambiri, koma mukapitiriza kumenya, khoma lidzawonongeka kwambiri.

2. Kusonkhanitsa mapuloteni opindika molakwika muubongo:

Mapuloteni ndi mamolekyu ofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Mapuloteni amenewa amafunikira pa ntchito iliyonse. Pali mtundu wapadera wa puloteni wotchedwa 'tau' mu ubongo wathu. Puloteni iyi ya 'tau' imagwira ntchito ngati chothandizira maselo a ubongo.

Kuti puloteni igwire ntchito bwino, iyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe oyenera. Monga momwe kiyi imafunikira kulowa mu loko. Koma, chifukwa cha kuvulala mobwerezabwereza kwa mutu, mapuloteni a `(tau)` awa amasintha mawonekedwe awo ndikusiya kugwira ntchito bwino. Kenako mapuloteni a `(tau)` osakhazikikawa amayamba kusonkhana m'malo osiyanasiyana muubongo. Monga zinyalala. Umu ndi momwe, ngati muwona mapuloteni a `(tau)` awa akusonkhana mwanjira inayake, CTE imatsimikiziridwa panthawi ya opaleshoni ya thupi.

Kodi CTE imapezedwa bwanji?

Nkhaniyi ndi yovuta kwambiri. Pakadali pano palibe njira yotsimikizira motsimikiza 100% kuti munthu ali ndi CTE akadali ndi moyo. Njira yokhayo ndikutenga zitsanzo za minofu ya ubongo akamwalira ndikuziyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu.

Komabe, madokotala amatha kuyang'ana zizindikiro za munthu, mbiri ya kuvulala mutu, mayeso amthupi ndi amitsempha, ndikunena kuti, "Munthu uyu akhoza kukhala ndi CTE." Timatcha kuti "kuzindikira matenda."

Madokotala akamakayikira CTE, nthawi zambiri amalamula mayeso angapo kuti apeze matenda ena. Ngakhale mayesowa sangazindikire CTE mwachindunji, angathandize kuzindikira zifukwa zina. Mayesowa akuphatikizapo:

• Kujambula kwa CT
• Kujambula kwa MRI
• Kusanthula kwa PET
• Mayeso omwe amaphatikizapo kutenga madzi kuchokera ku msana (izi zimatchedwa ``Lumbar puncture'' kapena ``Spinal tap'')

Kodi pali mankhwala a izi? Kodi zingatheke kuchiritsidwa?

Mwatsoka, pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a CTE. Uku ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kosatha.

Komabe, zizindikiro zina zomwe zimabuka zimatha kuchiritsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, pali mankhwala a mavuto okumbukira, kusintha kwa khalidwe, ndi kuvutika maganizo. Mankhwala amenewo ndi momwe amaperekedwera zimatengera zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zizindikiro zanu ndi mbiri yanu yaumoyo. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri kukupatsani upangiri pankhaniyi.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali zizolowezi zina zomwe zimathandiza pa thanzi la ubongo, ndipo ndikofunikira kuzitsatira.

Kodi chiopsezochi chingachepe bwanji? Kodi chingapewedwe?

Zimene muyenera kuchita kuti mupewe CTE kwathunthuChinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuvulala mutu ndi kugwedezeka kwa mutu momwe mungathere. Pali zinthu zingapo zosavuta zomwe tingachite kuti tichite izi:

• Sewerani mosamala: Mukasewera masewera otchuka monga mpira wamiyendo ndi rugby , onetsetsani kuti mwavala zovala zoyenera zodzitetezera (monga chisoti). Ndikofunikanso kupewa kugundana koopsa ndikusewera popanda kuyika inuyo kapena ena pachiwopsezo.
• Musasewere ndi kuvulala: Ngakhale mutakhala kuti simunataye mtima mutavulala mutu, n'koopsa kusewera ndi lingaliro lakuti, "Ndili bwino, ndili bwino." Kugwedezeka sikutanthauza kuti mwataya mtima. Ngati mutagwidwa ndi kugwedezeka mutu kenako n’kumenyedwanso, kungakhale koopsa kwambiri.
• Valani chisoti mukakwera mawilo awiri: Onetsetsani kuti mwavala chisoti mukakwera njinga, rollerblading, kapena skateboarding. Zingathandize kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kuvulala mutu ndi kugwedezeka kwa mutu.
• Valani lamba wachitetezo: Ngozi za magalimoto ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a khunyu pakati pa anthu omwe si akatswiri othamanga. Kuvala lamba wachitetezo kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuvulala mutu pangozi.

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi CTE angayembekezere chiyani?

Monga tanenera kale, CTE ndi matenda a ubongo omwe amawononga mphamvu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zizindikirozo zimakula pakapita nthawi. Izi zitha kutenga zaka zambiri, ngakhale zaka makumi ambiri. Akatswiri pakadali pano alibe njira yodziwira nthawi yeniyeni yomwe ntchito ya ubongo idzachepe.

Kodi vutoli lidzatha liti?

CTE ndi vuto losatha, la moyo wonse.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha vutoli n'chiyani?

Malinga ndi kafukufuku ndi kumvetsetsa kwaposachedwa, CTE yokha siipha mwachindunji. Komabe, ingayambitse mavuto ena azaumoyo omwe angakhudze thanzi lanu komanso moyo wanu. Mwachitsanzo, simungathe kuchita ntchito monga kudya, kusamba, ndi kuvala nokha. Anthu otere nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo osamalira odwala nthawi yayitali, komwe kuli ogwira ntchito zachipatala.

Pamene matendawa akupitirira, vuto la kumeza (dysphagia) likhoza kuchitika, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha chibayo ndi kulephera kupuma.

Kodi mumadzisamalira bwanji?

Poyamba matendawa, mutha kudzisamalira nokha motsogozedwa ndi dokotala. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo pakusintha moyo wanu kuti muchepetse zizindikiro zanu. Komabe, matendawa akamakula, zimakhala zovuta kuchita zinthu nokha. Mwatsoka, zizindikiro zanu zikafika pamlingo winawake, mungaone kuti n'zosatheka kukhala nokha.

Kodi mungatani ngati mukufuna kuti zinthu zichitike momwe mukufunira?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a CTE (kapena matenda ena ofanana ndi amenewa okhudza ubongo) kumayambiriro, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu, banja lanu, ndi anthu omwe mumawadalira omwe angakupangireni zisankho zofunika. Kukambirana kumeneku kungawathandize kudziwa zomwe mukufuna ngati simungathe kudzipangira nokha zisankho.

Makambirano amtunduwu akhoza kukhala ovuta komanso ovuta pang'ono. Koma ndi bwino kuwakambirana mwamsanga. Mwanjira imeneyi, okondedwa anu amatha kudziwa pasadakhale zomwe mukufuna. Sadzasiyidwa akuganizira.

Kuwonjezera pa zokambiranazo, ndi bwino kulemba zomwe mukufuna komanso zisankho zanu. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo zikalata zamalamulo, zinthu monga choti muchite ngati simungathe kudzisamalira nokha kapena kupanga zisankho zokhudzana ndi thanzi lanu. Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito loya kuti awathandize kupanga zikalata zamtunduwu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse m'maganizo mwanu, kukumbukira kwanu, chidwi chanu, kapena momwe mumamvera, kapena khalidwe lanu, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala.

Kodi muyenera kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi liti?

Ngati mukuganiza zodzivulaza (kuphatikizapo maganizo ofuna kudzipha) kapena kuvulaza ena, funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo. Komanso, ngati mukukayikira kuti munthu amene mumamudziwa ali pachiwopsezo chotere, mudziwitseni mwamsanga.

Kuti mupeze thandizo pa vuto ngati ili, mungathe:

• Mafoni ochenjeza za kudzipha ku Sri Lanka (monga Sumitrayo 1333, CCCline 1926).
• Utumiki wa zaumoyo wamaganizo mdera lanu.
• 1990 (Suvaseriya) kapena 119 (Nambala ya Zadzidzidzi ya Apolisi). Mutha kuyimba manambala awa kuti mupemphe thandizo kwa munthu amene ali pachiwopsezo.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa post-concussion syndrome (PCS) ndi CTE ndi kotani?

Ngakhale anthu ena amaganiza kuti "Post-concussion syndrome (PCS)" ndi "Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)" ndi chinthu chimodzi, izi ndi matenda awiri osiyana.

• PCS `(Post-concussion syndrome)`: Iyi ndi vuto lomwe limachitika mutu ukavulala`(concussion)`. Limatha kukhala kwa milungu ingapo, miyezi ingapo, koma limatha ubongo ukachira. Palinso vuto la PCS lomwe limakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali, koma pankhaniyi, puloteni ya `(tau)` yomwe tidakambiranayi siimadziunjikira molakwika mu ubongo.
• CTE (Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy): Iyi ndi matenda a ubongo okhazikika komanso opitirira muyeso omwe amadziwika ndi kudzikundikira kosazolowereka kwa mapuloteni a tau.

Pomaliza, kumbukirani izi.

Matenda a CTE ndi matenda oopsa omwe angayambitsidwe ndi kumenyedwa mutu mobwerezabwereza. Zingatenge zaka kuti zichitike, ndipo ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kosatha ndipo amakula pakapita nthawi. Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala.

Komabe, pali zinthu zomwe tingachite kuti tipewe izi. Chofunika kwambiri ndikudziteteza ku kugundana kwakukulu komanso mobwerezabwereza m'mutu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera ndikutsatira njira zodzitetezera tikamasewera kapena kuchita zinthu zoopsa.

Kafukufuku wokhudza matendawa akupitirirabe. M'tsogolomu, zambiri zitha kupezeka zokhudza momwe vutoli limachitikira, komanso mwina mankhwala atsopano. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tonse tidziteteze ku mitu yathu.

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