Mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za ma polyps anu a m'matumbo? Musachite mantha, tiyeni tikambirane!

Tonsefe timafuna kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, sichoncho? Koma nthawi zina, zinthu zimatha kuchitika m'thupi lathu popanda ife kudziwa. M'mimba mwathu, matumbo akuluakulu komwe chakudya chomwe timadya chimagayidwa ndipo zinyalala zomwe timasiya, nthawi zina zimatha kupanga zotupa zazing'ono mkati. Ndicho chimene madokotala amatcha `(Colon Polyps)`. Musachite mantha mukamva dzina ili, chabwino? Chifukwa ambiri mwa ma polyps awa ndi osavulaza. Komabe, pali mitundu ina yomwe ingasanduke khansa ngati sinachiritsidwe kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tonsefe tidziwe `(Colon Polyps)` awa.

Ndiye kodi ma polyps a m'matumbo awa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ma `(Colon Polyps)` awa ndi ma cell otupa osazolowereka omwe amapangika pakhoma lamkati la matumbo anu akulu, kutanthauza, mucous nembanemba. Ali ngati chotupa chaching'ono. Angayambe ngati selo limodzi ndipo pang'onopang'ono amakula. Ma polyps amenewa amathanso kupangika m'mbali zina za thupi lathu, mwachitsanzo, m'mimba, mphuno, kapena m'njira yoberekera ya akazi.

Chofunika ndichakuti, kungoti muli ndi ma polyp awa sizitanthauza kuti ndi khansa. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, khansa ya m'matumbo imayamba ndi ma polyp ngati awa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala amafufuza ma polyp awa panthawi ya colonoscopy ndikuchotsa ngati ali nawo.

Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma polyps? Kodi amasiyana bwanji?

Inde, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma polyps omwe amapangika m'matumbo. Madokotala amawagawa m'magulu potengera zinthu ziwiri zazikulu.

Chimodzi ndi mawonekedwe a polyp .

• Pali ma polyp ena omwe amaoneka ngati bowa ang'onoang'ono omwe amera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi phesi laling'ono ndi mutu pamwamba pake. Izi zimatchedwa ma polyp a ``Pedunculated``.
• Mtundu wina ndi chotupa chopyapyala, chonga chotupa chomwe chimalumikizidwa ku khoma la m'mimba popanda tsinde. Izi zimatchedwa ma polyps a ``Sessile``.

Njira ina ndi ya mawonekedwe a microscopic a ma polyp awa. Ndiko kuti, momwe maselowa amapangira. Ndi njira yomwe maselowa amakulira yomwe imatsimikizira ngati polyp ingasinthe kukhala khansa kapena ayi. Chifukwa chake, kuthekera kwa khansa kwa mtundu uliwonse wa polyp ndi kosiyana.

Nazi mitundu ikuluikulu ya ma polyps omwe amawonedwa:

• Ma polyps a Adenomatous (adenomas): Awa ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Palinso mitundu ina ya awa:
• Matenda a Tubular Adenomas
• Villous adenomas
• Matenda a Tubulovillous adenomas
• Ma polyps opangidwa ndi serrated: Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya izi.
• Ma polyps opangidwa ndi pulasitiki wambiri
• Zilonda zotupa za sessile
• Matenda achikhalidwe otchedwa serrated adenomas
• Hamartomas (ma polyps a achinyamata): Izi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mwa achinyamata.
• Ma polyps otupa (kapena ma pseudopolyps): Awa si ma polyps kwenikweni, tidzakambirana za zimenezo mtsogolo.

Kugawa ma polyps malinga ndi chiopsezo cha khansa: Neoplastic ndi Non-neoplastic

Uwu ndiye mtundu wofunika kwambiri. Ma polyps a ``Neoplastic`` ndi mitundu yomwe ingakhale khansa. Ma polyps a ``Non-neoplastic`` ndi mitundu yomwe ilibe (kapena ili ndi mwayi wochepa kwambiri) wokhala khansa.

• (Neoplastic) ma polyps ( chiopsezo cha khansa ):
• Ma polyps onse a adenomatous (Adenomas)
• Zilonda zotupa za sessile
• Matenda achikhalidwe otchedwa serrated adenomas

• Ma polyps (osapangidwa ndi neoplastic) (osaopsa kwambiri/osaopsa khansa):
• Ma polyps opangidwa ndi pulasitiki wambiri
• Ma polyps a achinyamata (Hamartomas)
• Ma pseudopolyps otupa

Kodi ma polyps a m'matumbo amenewa ndi ofala bwanji?

Izi ndi matenda ofala kwambiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire, makamaka mukamakula. Pa avareji, pafupifupi 20% ya akuluakulu, kapena pafupifupi m'modzi mwa asanu, akhoza kukhala ndi ma polyp awa. Mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50, pafupifupi 40%, kapena pafupifupi anayi mwa khumi, akhoza kukhala ndi vutoli. Musadabwe, ana ena nawonso amadwala matendawa, mpaka 6% mwa iwo. Aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu, chipembedzo, kapena jenda, ali pachiwopsezo chotenga ma polyp awa ndi khansa ya m'matumbo. Matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri m'maiko akumadzulo.

Kodi ma polyps angati a m'matumbo amakhala khansa?

Apa pali zomwe muyenera kumvetsetsa. Mitundu yambiri ya ma polyp imatha kukhala khansa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala amawachotsa panthawi ya colonoscopy. Komabe, ochepa okha ndi omwe amakhala khansa. Komanso, zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti ma polyp akhale khansa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyesedwa nthawi zonse ndi colonoscopy ndikuchotsa ma polyp awa asanakhale khansa.

Ponena za izi, pafupifupi 75% ya khansa ya m'matumbo imayamba ngati adenomatous polyps. Komanso, pafupifupi 80% ya ma polyps onse omwe amapezeka ndi adenomas. Komabe, pafupifupi 5% yokha ya ma adenomas awa imakhala yoopsa. Akuti polyp wamba ali ndi chiopsezo cha 8% chokhala khansa pakatha zaka 10 ndipo chiopsezo cha 24% pakatha zaka 20.

Kodi zizindikiro za ma polyps a m'matumbo ndi ziti?

Apa ndi pomwe zimasokoneza pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, ma polyp awa sawonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse, ngakhale zilipo.Khansa ya m'matumbo akuluakulu singasonyeze zizindikiro zilizonse kumayambiriro. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyezetsa ndikofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zikayamba kuonekera, polyp imatha kukhala kale khansa.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingachitike:

• Magazi mu ndowe kapena zizindikiro zina: Ngati polyp ikutuluka magazi, mutha kuwona magazi mu ndowe yanu kapena muli ndi magazi papepala lanu la chimbudzi. Nthawi zina kutuluka magazi kumakhala pang'onopang'ono kwambiri kotero kuti simungazindikire nkomwe. Koma pakapita nthawi, thupi lanu limayamba kuzindikira. Mutha kukhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, lomwe lingayambitse zizindikiro monga kutopa kwambiri komanso kufooka.
• Kusintha kosamveka bwino kwa matumbo: Nthawi zambiri, anthu ena amatha kutsekula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa mwadzidzidzi. Kapena akhoza kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi ofanana ndi mamina omwe amatuluka ndi ndowe zawo. Pali zifukwa zina zambiri za zizindikirozi kupatula ma polyps. Komabe, ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala, makamaka ngati simungathe kudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa kusinthaku.

Chofunika kwambiri: Ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala ndikupeza mayeso monga colonoscopy mutakwanitsa zaka 45-50 (kapena kale ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi matendawa) m'malo moyembekezera kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere.

Nchifukwa chiyani timapeza ma polyps a m'matumbo awa?

Nthawi zambiri, ma polyp amenewa amakula pang'onopang'ono. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, popanda chifukwa chenicheni. Komabe, anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi ma polyp amenewa chifukwa cha matenda obadwa nawo. M'mikhalidwe yotereyi, pali kuthekera kwa kuchuluka kwa ma polyp omwe amakula komanso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa.

Kodi chifukwa chachikulu cha ma polyps ndi chiyani?

Chifukwa chachikulu ndi kusintha kwa majini . Mwachidule, maselo athu akamagawikana ndikupanga maselo atsopano, zolakwika zazing'ono zimachitika mu jini ya maselo amenewo. Chifukwa maselo a khungu, kuphatikizapo m'matumbo, amadzikonzanso okha nthawi zonse, zolakwikazi zimakhalapo nthawi zambiri. Majini amenewa akasintha, momwe maselo amakulira komanso momwe amachitira zinthu zimasintha.

Kusintha kwa majini ena kumapatsirana kuchokera ku banja kupita ku banja (hereditary syndromes). Ena amaoneka kuti amachitika mwachisawawa, koma pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingachitike. Ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti ma polyp osadziwika bwino amayambanso chifukwa cha majini, komanso zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa chilengedwe.

Kodi zifukwa zina za polyps ndi ziti?

1. Majini:

Ngati wachibale wanu wapafupi (kholo, m'bale, mwana) wakhala ndi ma polyps, muli ndi mwayi waukulu woti muwadwalitse. Komanso, matenda ena a majini angayambitse ma polyps. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

• Familyal Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
• Matenda a Peutz-Jeghers
• Ma polyposis okhudzana ndi MUTYH
• Matenda a Gardner
• Matenda a PTEN hamartoma chotupa
• Matenda a Turcot
• Matenda a Serrated polyposis
• Matenda a achinyamata a polyposis

2. Zinthu Zokhudza Chilengedwe ndi Moyo:

Izi zikutanthauza zinthu monga malo omwe timakhala, makhalidwe athu, ndi zina zotero. Izi zingakhudzenso kukula kwa ma polyps.

• Kukalamba: Chiwopsezo chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba.
• Kusuta fodya.
• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.
• Zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri komanso zopanda ulusi wambiri: Kudya nyama yofiira yambiri, nyama yokonzedwa, ndi zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zochepa.
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kunenepa kwambiri.
• Matenda a shuga.
• Matenda a m'mimba otupa (IBD): Matenda monga matenda a Crohn kapena ulcerative colitis.

Nkhani yapadera: Pseudopolyps yotupa

Monga tanenera kale, awa si ma polyp "enieni" omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini. Amayamba chifukwa cha kuchira kwa zilonda m'matumbo, zomwe zimasiya minofu ya zipsera zomwe zimaoneka ngati ziphuphu pakhungu. Kutupa kosatha kwa m'matumbo (kapena colitis) ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha zilondazi. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda monga matenda otupa m'matumbo (IBD). Sasanduka khansa.

Kodi madokotala amapeza bwanji ma polyps awa?

Njira yabwino komanso yolondola kwambiri yopezera ma polyps m'matumbo ndi colonoscopy. Mu izi, chubu chosinthasintha chokhala ndi kamera yaying'ono ndi kuwala (colonoscope) chimayikidwa kudzera mu anus ndipo matumbo onse amawunikidwa. Ngakhale kuti "mayeso ena ojambula zithunzi" amatha kupeza ma polyps, ubwino wapadera wa `colonoscopy` ndi wakuti imatha kupeza ma polyps, kuwachotsa nthawi yomweyo, ndikutenga zidutswa zazing'ono kuti ziwunikidwe (biopsy).

Zitsanzo za minofu zomwe zatengedwa motere zimatumizidwa ku labotale ndikuwunikidwa ndi maikulosikopu ndi katswiri wa matenda. Pokhapokha titha kudziwa mtundu wa polyp womwe uli ndi matendawa komanso ngati uli ndi maselo a khansa.

Kuyeza colonoscopy kumafuna kukonzekera kwapadera kuti kutsuke m'matumbo tsiku lisanafike mayeso, ndipo mayesowa amachitidwa pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu, zomwe zingakhale zovuta pang'ono kwa anthu ena. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina madokotala angachite kaye mayeso osavuta oyezetsa. Komabe, ngati ma polyps apezeka mu mayeso ena, colonoscopy idzafunika kuti ichotsedwe.

Pali mayeso ena angapo omwe angachitike ngati mukukayikira kuti pali ma polyps:

• Mayeso a magazi: Kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi (CBC) kumatha kuzindikira kuchepa kwa magazi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutuluka magazi kwa nthawi yayitali. Kagayidwe kachakudya kameneka kangathe kuzindikira kusalinganika kwa ma electrolyte m'thupi. Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a polyposis syndrome, mungayesedwenso majini kuti muwone ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa majini.
• Kuyesa kwa chopondapo: Kuyesa magazi achilengedwe (FOBT)`` kochitidwa poyesa magazi ochepa omwe ali mu chopondapo omwe ndi ochepa kwambiri kuti asawonekere ndi maso. Kuyesa kwina kumayesa `DNA`` mu chopondapo kuti muwone ngati pali kusintha kulikonse kwa khansa.
• Mayeso ojambulira: M'malo mwa colonoscopy yokhazikika, colonoscopy yeniyeni (mtundu wa CT scan) ndi capsule endoscopy (kapiso kakang'ono kamene mumameza kuti muone m'matumbo anu) zitha kuchitika. Barium enema nthawi zina imatha kuwonetsa ma polyps.

Kodi ma polyp angati amapezeka panthawi ya colonoscopy yachizolowezi?

Ndibwino kukhala opanda ma polyp konse. Komabe, ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi ma polyp amodzi kapena awiri, kapena angapo. Madokotala amaona kuchuluka kwa ma polyp omwe muli nawo, kukula kwawo, malo awo, ndi mtundu wawo. Popeza ma polyp amakula pang'onopang'ono, kukhala ndi ma polyp ochepa ang'onoang'ono kumatanthauza kuti muli pachiwopsezo chochepa chotenga khansa ya m'matumbo.

Komabe, mungaganizidwe kuti muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa m'matenda otsatirawa:

• Ngati pali ma polyps oposa atatu.
• Ngati ma polyps ali aakulu kuposa mamilimita 10 (sentimita imodzi).
• Ngati ma polyps ali kumanja kwa colon (monga sigmoid colon kapena transverse colon).
• Ngati muli ndi ma polyps amtundu wa `(Villous)` kapena `(Tubulovillous adenomas)`.
• Ngati muli ndi ma polyps a mtundu wa "Sessile serrated lesions" kapena "Serrated adenomas".
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a polyposis obadwa nawo.

Kodi ma polyps a m'matumbo awa amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo chokhazikika ndi kuchotsa ma polyps m'matumbo.Komabe, ngati muli ndi ma polyp osatupa okha, omwe sali pachiwopsezo cha khansa, simungathe kuwachotsa. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, sizingatheke kudziwa ngati polyp ndi yotupa kapena yotupa mpaka itayang'aniridwa ndi maikulosikopu. Zingatenge sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri kuti zotsatira za biopsy yanu zibwerere.

Mwa kuchotsa ma polyps otupa, mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya m'matumbo ndi pafupifupi 80%! Komabe, mukakhala ndi ma polyps, amatha kubwerera. Dokotala wanu adzayang'ana mtundu wa ma polyps omwe mudakumana nawo ndikuwunika chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi ma polyps mtsogolo. Colonoscopy yotsatira idzakonzedwa kutengera chiopsezo chimenecho.

Kuchotsa Mapuloteni a M'matumbo

Dokotala amene amachita opaleshoni ya colonoscopy - nthawi zambiri dokotala wa matenda a m'mimba kapena dokotala wa opaleshoni ya matumbo - amatha kuchotsa ma polyps ambiri panthawi ya opaleshoni yanu. Njira yosavuta iyi imatchedwa polypectomy. Komabe, ngati muli ndi ma polyps akuluakulu kapena ovuta kuchotsa, njira zapadera (endoscopic mucosal resection kapena endoscopic submucosal dissection) zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwachotsa.

Kuyang'anira Colonoscopy

Ngati colonoscopy yanu siipeza ma polyps otupa, mwina mungafunike kuyesedwanso patatha zaka pafupifupi 10. Komabe, ngati ma polyps anu otupa achotsedwa, nthawi yoyezetsanso ikhoza kusiyana. Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwenso patatha chaka chimodzi, zitatu, zisanu, kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri, kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi.

Kodi ma polyps a m'matumbo angapewedwe?

Palibe njira yopewera kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa ma polyps. Komabe, kusamalira bwino thanzi lanu lonse kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi ma polyps pang'ono.

• Kudya tirigu wambiri, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi zipatso.
• Kuchepetsa mafuta a nyama (makamaka nyama yofiira, nyama yokonzedwa).
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Pewani kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso komanso kusuta fodya.

Zinthu zimenezi zimathandizanso kupewa khansa ya m'matumbo.

Ndiye kodi ma polyps a m'matumbo amenewa ndi oopsa bwanji?

Ma polyps a m'matumbo akuluakulu amatha kukhala oopsa chifukwa amatha kusanduka khansa. Koma kumbukirani kuti ma polyps ambiri samakhala khansa akapezeka. Ena amatha kukhala khansa pakapita nthawi ngati sanalandire chithandizo. Ndicho chifukwa chake madokotala amawachotsa akapezeka.

Kodi ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga chiyani za ma polyps anga a m'matumbo?

Mungathe kufunsa dokotala mafunso monga:

• Kodi ndili ndi mtundu wanji wa `(Colon Polyps)`?
• Kodi ma polyp anga ndi ``neoplastic`` (omwe ali ndi chiopsezo cha khansa) kapena ``osakhala ndi chiopsezo cha khansa``?
• Kodi chiopsezo changa chotenga khansa ya m'matumbo n'chochepa, chabwinobwino, kapena chokwera?
• Kodi ndiyenera kupita kukayezetsa majini kuti ndione ngati ndili ndi matenda a polyposis?
• Kodi ma polyps amatha kubwereranso nthawi yayitali bwanji akachotsedwa?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita liti colonoscopy yanga yotsatira?

Anthu ambiri amaopa colonoscopy yawo yokonzedweratu ndipo amadabwa ngati angachedwetse. "N'chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuchita zonsezi kuti nditsimikizire kuti ndilibe ma polyps?" mungadzifunse kuti, "Koma ngati muli ndi ma polyps, colonoscopy ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yowapezera ndikuwachiza musanadziwe."

Zingakhale zoopsa kudziwa kuti muli ndi ma polyp m'matumbo anu. Komabe, anthu ambiri ali ndi vutoli, ndipo ambiri sadwala khansa. Simuyenera kuda nkhawa ndi polyp yomwe yapezeka ndikuchotsedwa. Chofunika ndikupeza ndikuichotsa mwachangu, isanakhale khansa.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kotero, tsopano mukudziwa zambiri zokhudza ma polyps a m'matumbo, sichoncho? Izi sizoyenera kuopa.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula ndi dokotala panthawi yoyenera, makamaka mukatha zaka 45-50, ndikupeza mayeso monga colonoscopy ngati pakufunika. Kenako ma polyps awa amatha kuzindikirika ndikuchotsedwa asanakhale khansa.

Kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kungathandizenso kuchepetsa chiopsezochi. Zinthu monga kudya zakudya zoyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kupewa kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso ndi zabwino pa thanzi la m'matumbo anu, komanso thupi lanu lonse.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wa banja lanu kapena katswiri wa matenda a m'mimba. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!