Kodi mukudziwa za chishango chaching'ono ichi chomwe chili m'diso lanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za cornea!

Mukayang'ana diso lanu pagalasi, pali gawo looneka bwino, lopindika lomwe limaoneka ngati galasi kutsogolo, sichoncho? Ndicho chimene timatcha cornea. Monga momwe galasi lakutsogolo la galimoto limaonekera, ili ngati chishango choteteza chomwe chimaletsa zinthu monga fumbi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tisalowe m'maso mwathu. Komanso, mawonekedwe a cornea iyi ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti tiwone bwino.

Kornea ili patsogolo pa chipinda chodzaza madzi mkati mwa diso ('chipinda chakutsogolo'). Pafupi ndi iyo pali iris ndi pupil. Gawo loyera la diso lomwe limazungulira cornea limatchedwa sclera. Popeza cornea ndiye chitetezo choyamba cha diso lathu, imatha kuwonongeka mosavuta ndi ngozi ndi kuvulala. Koma chodabwitsa ndichakuti cornea imatha kudzichiritsa yokha mwachangu kwambiri, ngakhale kuvulala pang'ono.

Kodi zigawo za cornea ndi ziti?

Tangoganizani kuti cornea yaying'ono iyi ili ndi zigawo zisanu ndi chimodzi (6) zoyikidwa pamwamba pa inzake. Monga galasi lopangidwa ndi laminated, zigawo izi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zilimbikitse cornea.

• Epithelium: Iyi ndi gawo lakunja la cornea. Imagwira ntchito ngati khoma, kuteteza majeremusi ndi fumbi kuti zisalowe m'diso. Gawoli ndi losavuta kumva kupweteka. Akuti lili ndi zolandirira ululu zochulukirapo nthawi 300-600 kuposa khungu lathu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ngakhale dothi laling'ono lingayambitse ululu wosapiririka m'maso mwathu. Kuzindikira kumeneku kumateteza maso athu.

• Chigawo cha Bowman: Ichi ndi chigawo cholimba chopangidwa ndi kolajeni. Chimathandiza kuti cornea ikhalebe ndi mawonekedwe ake.

• Stroma: Uwu ndiye gawo lokhuthala kwambiri la cornea. Sikuti umangolimbitsa cornea yokha, komanso umathandiza kuletsa kuwala komwe kumalowa m'diso ndikukuyika molondola pa retina.

• Gawo la Pre-Descemet (PDL): Limatchedwanso "gawo la Dua." Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ichi ndi chotchinga champhamvu chomwe ngakhale mpweya sungadutse. Ichi kwenikweni ndi gawo latsopano, lomwe linapezeka mu 2013.

• Chigawo cha Descemet: Ichi ndi chigawo choonda, chotanuka, koma cholimba kwambiri. Ndi chofunikira kwambiri poteteza mkati mwa diso ku kuwonongeka ndi matenda.

• Endothelium: Gawoli limayang'anira makamaka kusunga madzi m'kati mwa cornea. Limalamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi ofunikira kuti stroma igwire ntchito bwino.

Matenda ndi mavuto omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza cornea

Ngakhale kuti cornea ndi yoteteza maso athu, imathanso kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana, kuvulala, ndi matenda.

• Maso ouma:Epithelium, yomwe ndi gawo lakunja la cornea, imafunika misozi kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Misozi imapaka mafuta m'diso ndikuthandiza kuyamwa mpweya kuchokera mumlengalenga. Maso ouma amapweteka ndipo amatha kusokoneza masomphenya.

• Matenda: Ngati pali kuwonongeka kulikonse pamwamba pa cornea, majeremusi - kuphatikizapo mavairasi, mabakiteriya, bowa, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - amatha kulowa mosavuta ndikuyambitsa matenda.

• Keratitis: Matenda opatsirana, ngozi, ndi matenda ena angayambitse kutupa kwa cornea, kufiira, komanso kupweteka. Izi zimatchedwa keratitis.

• Kuvulala: Monga momwe galasi la galimoto limagwirira ntchito, cornea imatha kuonongeka ndi zinthu zakunja. Izi zingayambitse mikwingwirima, mabala, ndi zilonda.

• Kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe: Kuzizira kwambiri, kutentha, mankhwala (amadzimadzi kapena mpweya), ndi kuwala kwa UV kungawononge cornea.

• Matenda a Kapangidwe ka Thupi (Dystrophies): Matenda ena amayambitsa kusintha kwa mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe ka cornea. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa `corneal dystrophies`. Keratoconus ndi Fuchs' dystrophy ndi matenda awiri otere.

Kodi mankhwala a matenda amenewa ndi otani?

Njira zochiritsira zimasiyana malinga ndi vuto la cornea. Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chikugwirizana ndi vuto lanu.

• Chithandizo Chosavuta: Ngati maso anu akuuma pang'ono kapena akuvutika, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mankhwala monga madontho a maso.
• Mankhwala: Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka pa matenda monga matenda. Mankhwalawa akhoza kubwera ngati madontho a m'maso kapena mafuta odzola, kapena ngati mapiritsi omwe mumamwa.
• Kupaka diso: Nthawi zina mungapemphedwe kuti muvale chigamba cha maso kuti muteteze diso lanu mpaka cornea ipole.
• Opaleshoni ya laser: Mtundu wa opaleshoni yowongolera masomphenya. Pano, kuwala kwa laser kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha mawonekedwe a cornea. LASIK ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa opaleshoni.
• Opaleshoni ya maso: Opaleshoni ingafunike kuti akonze kuwonongeka kwa cornea kapena kukonza matenda enaake.
• Kusamutsa cornea: Pakapita nthawi, cornea ikhoza kukhala ndi mitambo kapena kulephera kupindika bwino kuwala. Pa milandu yoopsa, cornea yowonongeka ingafunike kuchotsedwa ndikusamutsa cornea yathanzi.

Kodi mungateteze bwanji cornea yanu ku ngozi?

"Kupewa ndi bwino kuposa kuchiza," akutero. Zimenezo ndi zoona 100% kwa maso athu. Kuvala magalasi oteteza maso kapena magalasi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera cornea ku ngozi. Kanthu kakang'ono aka kangathe kupewa kuwonongeka kwakukulu komwe kungachitike pakangopita nthawi yochepa.

Onetsetsani kuti mukuvala magalasi oteteza nthawi ngati izi:

• Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makina ndi zida: Ngakhale mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zazing'ono zamanja kunyumba, ndikofunikira mukamagwiritsa ntchito chinthu monga chopukusira kapena choboolera.
• Mukamagwira ntchito m'munda: Mukadula udzu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chodulira udzu, miyala ing'onoing'ono, fumbi, ndi zidutswa za udzu zimatha kuuluka m'maso mwanu.
• Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala: Kaya mugwiritse ntchito mosamala bwanji zinthu zotsukira m'nyumba monga bleach ndi zotsukira chimbudzi, zimatha kulowa m'maso mwanu.
• Mukamagwira ntchito ndi moto ndi kutentha kwambiri: Tetezani maso anu ku utsi ndi kutentha kuchokera ku moto.
• Mukamasewera: Pamasewera, mumasewera ndi mpira wothamanga kwambiri, monga cricket, tennis, ndi hockey.
• Mukakumana ndi dzuwa lochuluka: Mukakhala pagombe kapena pamalo odzaza ndi chipale chofewa, kuwala kwa UV komwe kumaonekera kuchokera m'madzi ndi chipale chofewa kumatha kuwotcha cornea. Izi zimatchedwa photokeratitis . Gwiritsani ntchito magalasi adzuwa okhala ndi chitetezo chabwino cha UV.

Kodi mumatani ngati chinachake chalowa m'diso lanu?

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti musachite mantha ngati chinthu ngati dothi kapena fumbi chalowa m'diso lanu. Nazi zina zomwe muyenera kuchita ndi zomwe simuyenera kuchita.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo!

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, musazinyalanyaze. Pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

• Kusintha kwa masomphenya: kuwona kawiri, kuwona molakwika, kuwona molakwika.
• Kutaya masomphenya mwadzidzidzi.
• Kumva ngati chinachake chalowa m'diso (kaya chikuoneka kapena ayi).
• Kupweteka kwambiri kwa maso.
• Kuthirira maso mosalekeza (epiphora).
• Kulephera kuyang'ana kuwala (photophobia).
• Kufiira kapena kutupa kwa maso.
• Kumenyedwa m'diso.
• Chilonda chooneka, kukanda, kapena kudulidwa pamwamba pa diso.