Ndizachilendo kuti aliyense amve mantha pang'ono komanso nkhawa akauzidwa kuti akufunika kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya ubongo. Si inu nokha, ndi momwe aliyense amamvera. Komabe, mukadziwitsidwa bwino za opaleshoniyi, mantha anu ndi kukayikira kwanu zimatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za opaleshoni ya ubongo iyi, yomwe imatchedwa `(Craniotomy)` mu zamankhwala.
Mwachidule, kodi Craniotomy iyi ndi chiyani?
Kuchotsa mafupa a ubongo ndi opaleshoni yomwe dokotala wa opaleshoni ya ubongo amachotsa pang'ono fupa kuchokera ku chigaza chanu kwakanthawi kuti alowe muubongo wanu, amachita opaleshoni yofunikira, kenako amalumikizanso fupa lomwe lachotsedwa . Iyi ndi opaleshoni yayikulu. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amachita opaleshoni yamtunduwu pamavuto akulu monga chotupa cha muubongo, matenda oopsa, kapena kuvulala mutu chifukwa cha ngozi yayikulu.
Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti, pali opaleshoni ina ngati iyi yotchedwa craniectomy, kodi kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi ndi kotani?
Pa opaleshoni ya craniotomy , chidutswa cha fupa chomwe chachotsedwa pa chigaza chimalumikizidwanso panthawi ya opaleshoni yomweyo . Komabe, pochotsa craniotomy , chidutswa cha fupa sichimalumikizidwanso nthawi yomweyo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ngati pali kutupa mu ubongo, chiyenera kuloledwa kuti chizimiririke. Pambuyo pake, chidutswa cha fupa chimalumikizidwanso pa opaleshoni ina (`(Cranioplasty)`).
N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni yamtunduwu?
Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingapangitse kuti opaleshoni ya craniotomy ichitike. Ngati dokotala wanu wakupatsani mtundu uwu wa opaleshoni, mwina chifukwa cha chimodzi mwa zifukwa zotsatirazi.
| Chifukwa cha opaleshoni | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Chotupa cha muubongo | Kuchotsa kukula kwa maselo olakwika muubongo. |
| Magazi oundana | Chotsani magazi oundana mkati mwa ubongo ndikubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi. |
| Mavuto a mitsempha yamagazi | Mwachitsanzo, kukonza aneurysm kapena arteriovenous malformation. |
| Kutupa kapena kupanikizika mu ubongo | Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa ubongo kwakwera, chepetsani. |
| Khunyu | Pa nthawi zina matenda a khunyu aakulu, kuchotsa gawo la ubongo lomwe likuyambitsa matendawa. |
| Kusweka kwa chigaza | Kumangiriranso chigazacho chikasweka pangozi yaikulu. |
Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?
Gulu lanu lachipatala limakonzekera bwino zonse musanachite opaleshoni yayikulu ngati iyi, ndipo muyeneranso kuthandizira zimenezo.
Musanachite opaleshoni, muyenera kuchita izi:
- Kukumana ndi dokotala: Dokotala wanu adzakulankhulani mwatsatanetsatane za opaleshoniyo, zoopsa zake, ndi zotsatira zake. Funsani mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo panthawiyi .
- Mayeso angapo: Kuwonjezera pa mayeso a magazi kuti muwone thanzi lanu, mayeso ojambulira zithunzi monga `(MRI)`, `(CT scan)`, `(PET scan)` angapangidwenso kuti awone momwe ubongo wanu ulili.
- Malangizo asanayambe opaleshoni:
- Amakuuzani kuti mudye m'mimba yopanda kanthu tsiku la opaleshoni.
- Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, mudzapemphedwa kuti musiye kuwamwa masiku angapo opaleshoni isanachitike.
- Mungapemphedwenso kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwala opha maantibayotiki kapena mankhwala ena msanga kuti mupewe matenda.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti opaleshoniyi ipambane.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?
Pa tsiku la opaleshoni yanu, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu (`(Anesthesia)`). Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala mukugona mokwanira kuti musamve kupweteka kulikonse. M'chipinda chochitira opaleshoni, mutu ndi thupi lanu zidzayikidwa momwe mukufunira, ndipo opaleshoniyo idzayamba.
1.Kukonzekera: Choyamba, tsitsi lozungulira malo ochitira opaleshoni limadulidwa ndipo malowo amatsukidwa bwino kuti achotse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
2. Kucheka khungu: Kenako, dokotalayo amapanga kudula khungu.
3. Kuchotsa fupa: Kenako, chidutswa chaching'ono cha fupa la chigaza chimadulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapadera ndikuchotsedwa mosamala. Chidutswa ichi cha fupa chidzafunika kulumikizidwanso pambuyo pake, kuti chisungidwe bwino.
4. Opaleshoni ya ubongo: Tsopano ubongo ukupezeka. Dokotala adzathetsa vuto lomwe linayambitsa opaleshoniyi (monga kuchotsa chotupa, kukonza mtsempha wamagazi).
5. Kulumikizanso: Opaleshoni ya ubongo ikatha, fupa la chigaza lomwe lachotsedwa limabwezeretsedwanso pamodzi ngati chithunzi, ndikulimanga ndi mbale zazing'ono ndi zomangira. Pambuyo pake, khungu limasokedwanso pamodzi.
Opaleshoni yonse nthawi zambiri imatenga pafupifupi maola 3-5, koma imatha kutenga nthawi yayitali kutengera zomwe zikuchitika.
Kodi nthawi zina mumachita opaleshoni iyi muli maso?
Inde, ndi zoona. Nthawi zina zapadera, opaleshoniyi iyenera kuchitika muli maso. Imatchedwa "Awake Craniotomy." Tangoganizirani, ngati malo oti muchitidwe opaleshoni ali pafupi ndi gawo la ubongo wanu lomwe limayang'anira kulankhula, kuona, kapena kuyenda, dokotala wa opaleshoni amafuna kuona ngati ntchito zimenezo zikuchitika panthawi ya opaleshoni. Koma musadandaule, simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse . Chifukwa ubongo sumva kupweteka, ndipo chigaza chanu ndi khungu lanu zachita dzanzi. Dokotala adzakufunsani kuti mulankhule, mudziwe chithunzi, kapena kusuntha dzanja lanu, kuti athe kuchita opaleshoni pamalo oyenera.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Mukachita opaleshoni, mudzalowetsedwa mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU). Kumeneko, vuto lanu (kupuma, kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi) lidzayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndi gulu lachipatala. Vuto lanu likakhazikika, mudzasamutsidwira ku chipinda chogona cha odwala wamba.
- Kukhala kuchipatala: Nthawi zambiri, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa pafupifupi sabata imodzi.
- Kupuma: Ndikofunikira kupuma pabedi mutu wanu ukukwezedwa pang'ono panthawiyi.
- Kuchira kunyumba: Mukapita kunyumba, kupuma ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri . Nthawi zambiri zimatenga milungu 6-8 kuti muchiritse mokwanira. Muyenera kufunsa dokotala musanapite kuntchito kapena kuchita chilichonse chovuta.
Kodi pali zotsatirapo kapena zoopsa zilizonse?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni yaikulu iliyonse, pali zoopsa ndi zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi opaleshoni ya craniotomy. Komabe, ndi njira zamakono zamankhwala, izi ndizosowa kwambiri. Gulu la opaleshoni limayesetsa kupewa izi.
Zoopsa zomwe zingachitike zingaphatikizepo:
- Kutuluka magazi (`(Kutuluka magazi)`)
- Ululu
- Matenda (`(Matenda)`)
- Matenda a khunyu (`(Kugwidwa)`)
- Stroke
- Mutu
Ngakhale kuti zotsatirapo zoyipa za nthawi yayitali monga kuyenda movutikira, kulankhula movutikira, kapena kusintha khalidwe zingachitike, izi sizichitika kawirikawiri. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zoopsazi pasadakhale.
Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Mukapita kunyumba, samalirani thanzi lanu. Ndikofunikira kunena za vuto lililonse mwachangu momwe mungathere.
| Zochitika zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro chachangu | |
|---|---|
| Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu: |
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| Pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo: |
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Pomaliza, opaleshoni ya craniotomy ndi opaleshoni yofunika kwambiri yomwe ingathandize kuchiza matenda akuluakulu ndikupulumutsa miyoyo. Anthu ambiri amachira mokwanira ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Chofunika kwambiri ndikukhulupirira gulu lanu lachipatala, kutsatira malangizo awo, ndikuwauza ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Craniotomy ndi opaleshoni yaikulu yomwe gawo lina la fupa la chigaza limachotsedwa kwakanthawi kenako n’kulumikizidwanso kuti lifike ku ubongo.
- Izi zimachitika pofuna kuchiza matenda aakulu monga zotupa muubongo, magazi kuundana, ndi ngozi.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala mosamala musanachite opaleshoni komanso kufunsa mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.
- Kupuma n'kofunika kwambiri kuti munthu achire bwino pambuyo pa opaleshoni, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatenga milungu 6-8.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zachilendo (kupweteka kwambiri, kutentha thupi, kufooka thupi) pamene mukuchira, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
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