Kodi simungathe kusiya kutsegula m'mimba kwa madzi? Sindikudziwa ngakhale za Cryptosporidiosis! Tiyeni tikambirane za izi.

Kodi inu kapena wina m'banja mwanu mwakhala mukutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba, kapena kusanza kwa masiku angapo? Mwina mwakhala mukusambira posachedwa mu dziwe losambira la anthu onse. Kapena mwina mwamwa madzi ochokera kwina kosadziwika. Ngati ndi choncho, zomwe ndikukuuzani ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa inu. Lero tikambirana za matenda otchedwa Cryptosporidiosis , omwe ndi okwiyitsa pang'ono, koma ngati mukudziwa, mutha kuwaletsa.

Kodi Cryptosporidiosis ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, cryptosporidiosis ndi matenda am'mimba omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo tating'onoting'ono totchedwa Cryptosporidium . Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kutsegula m'mimba kwa madzi . Kungayambitsenso zizindikiro zina, monga kupweteka m'mimba ndi nseru. Tizilomboti nthawi zambiri timafalikira kudzera m'madzi oipitsidwa. Tizilomboti timapezeka kwambiri m'madziwe osambira a anthu onse, m'mathithi, ndi m'mitsinje. Anthu ena amatcha "crypto" mwachidule.

Ndani amene angapeze izi?

Aliyense akhoza kutenga cryptosporidiosis, koma anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa.

Tangoganizirani, ana aang'ono azaka zapakati pa chaka chimodzi ndi zinayi ndi omwe ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza izi. Chifukwa cha izi ndichakuti ana aang'ono sakumvetsa kufunika kosamba m'manja komanso momwe majeremusi amafalikira. Komanso, matendawa amatha kufalikira mosavuta kwa iwo ndi makolo awo omwe amawasamalira kudzera mu matewera .

Si zokhazo, anthu otsatirawa alinso pachiwopsezo chachikulu:

• Anthu opitirira zaka 75.
• Anthu omwe amakhala kapena kugwira ntchito ndi ana aang'ono (monga aphunzitsi a ana aang'ono, ogwira ntchito ku malo osamalira ana).
• Anthu omwe amamwa madzi osatsukidwa komanso osasefedwa (makamaka akamayenda, akamakwera mapiri, kapena akamapita kukagona m'misasa, akumwa madzi ochokera kumadera osadziwika).
• Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ziweto, makamaka omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ziweto za pafamu (ziweto).
• Anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amasambira ndi kusewera m'madzi m'madziwe osambira a anthu onse, m'nyanja, ndi m'mitsinje.
• Anthu omwe akusamalira munthu amene ali ndi cryptosporidiosis.

Ndani angakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi izi?

Cryptosporidiosis nthawi zambiri imakhala yofatsa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chathanzi ndipo nthawi zambiri imatha pasanathe masiku angapo. Komabe, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka , imatha kubweretsa matenda oopsa, opitilira, komanso nthawi zina oopsa. Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi Edzi sangathe kuchotsa kwathunthu kachilombo ka Cryptosporidium kakalowa m'thupi lawo.

Choncho, ngati muli m'gulu limodzi mwa magulu awa, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti mupewe kutenga kachilombo ka Cryptosporidium:

• HIVKapena omwe akudwala matenda a Edzi .
• Anthu omwe ali ndi khansa (makamaka panthawi ya chithandizo).
• Anthu omwe angoikidwa chiwalo kapena maselo oyambira kumene.
• Anthu omwe akumwa mankhwala omwe amafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi (immunosuppressants).

Komanso, amayi apakati ndi ana oyamwitsa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kutaya madzi m'thupi chifukwa cha kutsegula m'mimba, choncho ayeneranso kusamala kwambiri.

Kodi cryptosporidiosis ndi yofala bwanji?

Ngakhale m'dziko ngati America, akuti anthu opitilira 700,000 amadwala matendawa chaka chilichonse. Cryptosporidiosis akuti ndi chifukwa chachiwiri chofala kwambiri cha kutsegula m'mimba mwa ana aang'ono, pambuyo pa rotavirus . Vutoli likhoza kuwonekanso m'dziko lathu, makamaka m'madera omwe alibe ukhondo wabwino.

Kodi izi ndi zoopsa?

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, matenda a Cryptosporidium nthawi zambiri si oopsa kwambiri kwa munthu amene ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chabwino. Nthawi zambiri amatha okha mkati mwa masiku ochepa mpaka milungu iwiri. Komabe, kwa munthu amene ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, amatha kuyambitsa kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri komanso kwa nthawi yayitali. Kungakhalenso chiopsezo cha moyo.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Cryptosporidium zimayamba kuonekera patatha masiku awiri kapena khumi titalowa m'thupi. Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi izi:

• Kutsegula m'mimba kwa madzi (nthawi zina kumakhala koopsa kwambiri).
• Kupweteka m'mimba kapena kupweteka m'mimba.
• Kusanza.
• Kusanza.
• Kusowa chilakolako.
• Malungo ochepa.

Zizindikiro zimenezi sizimachitika mofanana kwa aliyense. Anthu ena angakumane ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri zokha, pomwe ena angakumane ndi zizindikiro zonsezi mozama kwambiri.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa izi? (Zokhudza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Cryptosporidium)

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda totchedwa Cryptosporidium . Tizilomboti timalowa mkamwa mwanu, timapita ku m'mimba mwanu, ndipo ndi komwe timafalikira ndi kuyambitsa zizindikiro.

Cryptosporidium ndi mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ta protozoan , tizilombo tokhala ndi selo imodzi tomwe timakhala m'thupi la nyama ndi anthu. Ndi kakang'ono kwambiri kotero kuti kamatha kuoneka kokha ndi maikulosikopu. Anthu nthawi zambiri amadwala ndi mitundu iwiri , Cryptosporidium hominis ndi Cryptosporidium parvum .

Kodi tingachipeze bwanji ichi?

Cryptosporidiosis imafalikira kudzera m'njira ya ndowe ndi mkamwa . Mwachidule, imachitika tikameza mwangozi tinthu ta ndowe zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka. Imatha kufalikira mosavuta kuchokera kwa anthu kapena nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka. Pali njira zingapo zomwe mungatengere kachilomboka:

• Kuchokera ku madzi oipitsidwa: Iyi ndiyo njira yaikulu. Imatha kufalikira mwa kumwa madzi osachiritsidwa, kapena mwa kumeza madzi ochokera m'nyanja, m'madziwe osambira, m'mapaki amadzi, kapena m'masewera ena a m'madzi. Chofunika kwambiri, chlorine yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madziwe osambira siipha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Cryptosporidium. Matenda akafalikira kuchokera m'madziwe osambira a anthu onse, matenda omwe amafotokozedwa kwambiri amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Kuchotsa zakudya zodetsedwa: zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zosatsukidwa bwino, cider ya apulo yosaphikidwa, mkaka wosaphikidwa, ndi zakudya zopangidwa kuchokera ku izo.
• Kuchokera ku zinthu ndi malo odetsedwa: Ngati mukhudza zinthu kapena malo omwe munthu amene ali ndi matenda a cryptosporidiosis wakhudza kenako n’kukhudza pakamwa panu kapena kudya chakudya ndi manja amenewo, mutha kutenga kachilomboka mwa kusamalira kapena kusintha matewera a munthu amene ali ndi matendawa (kuphatikizapo ana aang’ono).
• Kuchokera ku nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka: Izi zitha kufalikira pokhudza nyama m'malo osungira nyama kapena pokhudza nyama za pafamu.
• Kugonana ndi munthu amene ali ndi matenda a cryptosporidiosis: Izi si matenda opatsirana pogonana (STI). Komabe, zimatha kufalikira ngati mutakhudza thako la munthu winayo kapena malo ozungulira thako ndi pakamwa panu, manja, kapena ziwalo zoberekera.

Tangoganizani kuti munapita paulendo wosangalatsa ndi anzanu ndipo munalowa m'madzi kapena mumtsinje, kenako munameza madzi mosadziwa. Kapena, tiyerekeze kuti munalowa m'madzi osambira a anthu onse ndipo munameza madzi. Izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Cryptosporidium.

Kodi iyi ndi matenda opatsirana?

Inde, cryptosporidiosis ndi matenda opatsirana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina, kaya mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina. Ngati muli ndi cryptosporidiosis, ngati simusamba m'manja bwino mutapita kuchimbudzi, tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa tingagwire chilichonse chomwe mwakhudza. Ngati mukusambira muli odwala, madziwo akhoza kukhala ndi kachilombo ndipo mutha kupatsira wina kachilombo.

Ngati wina akhudza malo omwe mudaipitsa, kapena ngati madzi omwe mudasamba nawo alowa mkamwa mwa munthu wina, nayenso akhoza kudwala.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?

Cryptosporidiosis imapezeka poyesa chitsanzo cha ndowe . Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani botolo loyera ndikukulangizani momwe mungatolere chitsanzocho. Masiku ena ndowe yanu ingakhale ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri, pomwe masiku ena ingakhale ndi tizilombo tochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, zingatenge masiku angapo kuti mudziwe matenda molondola.

Nthawi yomweyo, dokotala adzakuyang'anirani ndikufunsani za zizindikiro zanu komanso mbiri yanu ya thanzi.

Kodi chithandizo chake ndi chiyani?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi champhamvu amachira ku cryptosporidiosis popanda chithandizo chapadera. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumwa madzi ndi zakumwa zambiri kuti apewe kutaya madzi m'thupi.Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba kapena kumwa madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi, komanso mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chathanzi, palinso mankhwala oletsa ma protozoal omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza cryptosporidiosis. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga Cryptosporidium kukula m'thupi.

Ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limafooketsa chitetezo chanu cha mthupi, dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vutoli, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro za cryptosporidiosis.

Kodi simuyenera kudya kapena kumwa chiyani mukakhala ndi matendawa?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la cryptosporidiosis, muyenera kupewa zakudya ndi zakumwa zomwe zingapangitse kuti kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusowa madzi m'thupi kukhale koopsa. Mwachitsanzo, mowa ndi zakumwa zokhala ndi caffeine (monga khofi ndi tiyi) si zabwino. Kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti kupewa zakudya zomwe zili ndi lactose (monga mkaka ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mkaka) kungachepetse nthawi ya kutsegula m'mimba. Ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu zomwe muyenera kudya ndi zomwe simuyenera kudya.

Kodi mankhwala a cryptosporidiosis ndi ati?

Kutengera kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zanu komanso ngati muli ndi matenda ena oyambitsa matendawa, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala monga:

• Mankhwala oletsa ma protozoal: Nitazoxanide (Alinia®) ingafupikitse nthawi yomwe mukudwala ndi cryptosporidiosis. Komabe, ngati muli ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, mankhwalawa sangagwire ntchito bwino.
• Mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba: Dokotala wanu angapereke mankhwala monga diphenoxylate-atropine (Lomotil®) kapena loperamide (Imodium®) kuti athandize kuletsa kutsegula m'mimba. Izi zingathandize kupewa kutaya madzi m'thupi komanso kutayika kwa mchere wofunikira m'thupi.
• Chithandizo cha kusowa madzi m'thupi: Dokotala wanu angakupatseni madzi apadera kuti akupatseninso madzi m'thupi ndikusintha ma electrolyte omwe atayika (minerals ofunikira kuti thupi ligwire ntchito).

Zotsatirapo zoyipa za chithandizo

Loperamide ingayambitse mavuto a mtima ngati itengedwa mochuluka. Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima kapena chiwindi, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwalawa.

Musanamwe Nitazoxanide, uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi kapena impso, mavuto a ndulu kapena ndulu, kapena chitetezo chamthupi chanu chili chofooka.

Kodi mumatha bwanji kuthana ndi zizindikiro kunyumba?

Mukakhala kunyumba ndi cryptosporidiosis, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikukhalabe ndi madzi okwanira komanso kusamala zizindikiro zomwe zikuipiraipira.

• Imwani madzi ndi zakumwa zambiri:Madzi, msuzi, zakumwa zamasewera, kapena njira zothira madzi m'thupi (monga Jeevani, Pedialyte®) ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zopewera kutaya madzi m'thupi.
• Mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba omwe amaperekedwa kwa dokotala: Mankhwala monga loperamide (Imodium®) ndi bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol®, Kaopectate®) angathandize kuthetsa kutsegula m'mimba. Komabe, funsani dokotala musanamwe mankhwalawa. Musapereke mankhwala aliwonse kwa makanda kapena ana popanda kufunsa dokotala wawo wa ana.
• Samalani ndi zizindikiro: Ngati simungathe kuchepetsa chilichonse, kapena ngati muli ndi kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri nthawi zoposa khumi patsiku, onani dokotala wanu. Mungafunike kumwa madzi m'mitsempha kapena zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Kodi ndidzachira msanga bwanji nditalandira chithandizo?

Ngati mwapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa protozoal a cryptosporidiosis, zingatenge masiku asanu kapena kuposerapo kuti mupeze bwino. Imwani mankhwala onse monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, ngakhale mutamva bwino.

Kodi ndingachepetse bwanji izi? (Njira zopewera)

Cryptosporidiosis imafalikira mosavuta. Zotsukira m'manja zopangidwa ndi mowa kapena chlorine m'madziwe osambira sizimapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Cryptosporidium. Chifukwa chake, njira zabwino zodzitetezera ku matendawa ndikukhala osamala m'malo omwe Cryptosporidium ingakhalepo, kusamba m'manja bwino, komanso kuchita ukhondo wabwino pokonzekera chakudya. Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili chofooka, ndi bwino kupewa maiwe osambira a anthu onse komanso masewera a m'madzi.

Pali njira zingapo zochepetsera kufalikira ndi kufalikira kwa cryptosporidiosis:

• Musapite kusambira ngati muli ndi vuto la m'mimba. Musapite kusambira mpaka milungu iwiri kuchokera pamene vuto la m'mimba latha.
• Pewani kulowa madzi mkamwa mwanu mukamasambira m'nyanja, m'mitsinje, kapena m'madziwe osambira a anthu onse.
• Musamwe madzi osakonzedwa kapena mkaka wosaphikidwa. Mukamamwa madzi ochokera m'malo okayikitsa, imwani madzi owiritsa ngati n'kotheka.
• Tsukani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba bwino, zichotseni, kapena ziphikeni musanadye.
• Ngati mukhudza ziweto za pafamu kapena nyama ku zoo, sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo musanakhudze nkhope yanu komanso musanadye.
• Phunzitsani ana aang'ono chizolowezi chosamba m'manja bwino kuyambira ali aang'ono. Phunzitsani kusamba m'manja awo akagwira nyama komanso akagwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi.
• Gwiritsani ntchito kondomu kapena dam la mano nthawi iliyonse mukagonana. Pewani kugonana kwa milungu iwiri zizindikiro zanu zitatha.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani ngati mutadwala matendawa?

Kwa anthu ambiri, cryptosporidiosis imadziletsa yokha .Matenda, kutanthauza matenda omwe akuwoneka kuti akuchira okha. Komabe, chifukwa cha moyo wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zizindikiro zanu zimatha kenako n’kubwereranso.

Ngakhale zizindikiro zanu zitatha, mutha kufalitsa matendawa kwa ena kwa milungu iwiri. Choncho, pitirizani kusamala ngakhale mutachira. Musasambire m'madziwe osambira kapena kugonana kwa milungu iwiri zizindikiro zanu zitatha.

Kodi ndalama za crypto zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Ngati chitetezo chanu chamthupi chili champhamvu, cryptosporidiosis nthawi zambiri imatha yokha mkati mwa milungu iwiri. Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro kwa masiku 30 kapena kuposerapo, ndipo zizindikirozo zimabwera ndi kutha. Ngati chitetezo chanu chamthupi chili chofooka, zizindikirozo zimatha kwa miyezi kapena zaka.

Kodi ndingabwerere liti kuntchito/kusukulu?

Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe zizindikiro, mutha kupatsira cryptosporidiosis kwa wina, choncho funsani abwana anu kapena sukulu nthawi yomwe inu kapena mwana wanu mungabwerere kuntchito/kusukulu.

Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto otani?

Cryptosporidiosis ingakhale yovuta kupewa kusowa madzi m'thupi, makamaka kwa makanda aang'ono ndi amayi apakati. Kutaya madzi ambiri kungayambitse mavuto aakulu, kuphatikizapo:

• Kutaya madzi m'thupi kwambiri.
• Kusalinganika kwa ma electrolyte , komwe kungayambitse mavuto pamtima ndi ziwalo zina.
• Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi (`Hypovolemia`).

Komanso, matenda a ndulu, ndulu, kapena kapamba amatha kuchitika ngati mavuto a cryptosporidiosis. Ana ena amathanso kukhala ndi mavuto a kukula atatha kudwala cryptosporidiosis.

Kodi cryptosporidiosis ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Mwa anthu ambiri, chitetezo chamthupi chimalimbana ndi cryptosporidium ndikuchotsa zizindikiro za cryptosporidiosis. Mankhwala angathandizenso kuchiza cryptosporidiosis. Komabe, mwa munthu amene chitetezo chamthupi chake chili chofooka, cryptosporidiosis singachiritsidwe kwathunthu, ndipo zizindikiro zimatha kukhalapo kwa zaka zambiri.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za cryptosporidiosis, makamaka ngati muli ndi matumbo otuluka madzi kangapo patsiku, onani dokotala wanu. Ngati chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chili chofooka kapena zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda, onani dokotala nthawi yomweyo .

Kodi muyenera kupita ku Chipinda Chothandizira Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) liti?

Ngati simungathe kusunga chakudya kapena chakumwa chilichonse, mukutsegula m'mimba m'madzi ochulukirapo kuposa nthawi khumi patsiku, kapena muli ndi zizindikiro za kutaya madzi m'thupi kwambiri, pitani kuchipatala chapafupi. Zizindikiro za kutaya madzi m'thupi kwambiri ndi izi:

• Chisokonezo.
• Kufooka kapena kupusa.
• Kumva chizungulire ukaima.
• MkodzoKukodza pang'ono kwambiri kapena kusakodza konse ('Osakodza kapena osakodza kwenikweni').
• Mkodzo wakuda ('Mkodzo wakuda (mkodzo)').

Kodi ndi mafunso otani ofunika kufunsa dokotala wanu?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, ndi bwino kufunsa mafunso ngati awa:

• Kodi mungatani kuti muchepetse zizindikiro kunyumba?
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe ndingatenge pa zizindikiro zanga?
• Kodi ndiyenera kudya chiyani ndi kumwa chiyani? Kodi ndiyenera kusadya chiyani kapena kumwa chiyani?
• Kodi njira yabwino yopewera kutaya madzi m'thupi ndi iti?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati zizindikiro zanga zikuipiraipira kapena kusintha?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe ndiyenera kukuwonani kapena kupita ku chipinda chodzidzimutsa?
• Kodi ndingapewe bwanji kufalitsa cryptosporidiosis kwa ena?

Pomaliza, mfundo zingapo zofunika (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Cryptosporidiosis ndi matenda omwe amafalikira mosavuta ndipo amatha kukhala ovuta kuwapewa kotheratu. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri amatha okha, pali chiopsezo cha mavuto omwe angawononge moyo.

Samalani kwambiri kuti musatenge kachilombo ka Cryptosporidium, makamaka ngati chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chili chofooka.

Ngati muli ndi matendawa, chitani zonse zomwe mungathe kuti mupewe kupatsira ena matendawa. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi vuto laling'ono, likhoza kupha munthu wina. Njira zabwino zodzitetezera ku matendawa (makamaka kusamba m'manja), kudya chakudya chotetezeka komanso kumwa madzi abwino ndiye njira zabwino zodzitetezera ku izi. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza upangiri wa dokotala.

Cryptosporidiosis , Cryptosporidium, Kutsegula m'mimba, Kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba, Kusowa madzi m'thupi, Matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, Matenda obwera chifukwa cha madzi