Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti, mukadwala chimfine, chimachira bwanji m'masiku ochepa? Popanda ife kuzindikira, matupi athu ali ndi chitetezo chodabwitsa, monga gulu lankhondo, lomwe limagwira ntchito mkati mwathu kutiteteza ku matenda. Gulu lofunika kwambiri la asilikali mu dongosololi limatchedwa maselo a T omwe ali ndi poizoni. Lero, tikambirana za ngwazi zazing'ono izi.
Kodi maselo a T omwe ali ndi poizoni ndi ati?
Mwachidule, maselo a T omwe ali ndi poizoni ndi mtundu wa maselo omwe ali mu chitetezo chathu chamthupi . Ali ngati asilikali apadera a gulu lankhondo la dziko lathu. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikupeza ndikuwononga maselo omwe ali ndi mavairasi omwe amalowa m'thupi lathu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwanso "Maselo a T Opha."
Maselo a T amenewa amapangidwa mu kachiwalo kakang'ono kamene kali kutsogolo kwa chifuwa chathu kotchedwa thymus . Kachiwalo ka thymus kamapanga mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya maselo a T.
| Mtundu wa selo T | Ntchitoyo ndi yosavuta. |
|---|---|
| Maselo a T owopsa | Kuzindikira ndi kuwononga maselo owopsa, monga maselo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ndi maselo a khansa. |
| Maselo a T othandizira | Kulimbikitsa maselo ena a chitetezo chamthupi ndi kuwathandiza kumenyana. Monga mkulu wa asilikali. |
| Maselo a T olamulira | Nkhondoyo ikatha, zochita za chitetezo cha mthupi zimawongoleredwa ndipo zimasiya kuwononga maselo athanzi mosafunikira. |
Kodi maselo amenewa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya chitetezo chamthupi. Choyamba ndi chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chimapezeka m'thupi lathu tikabadwa. Chinanso ndi chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chimasinthasintha.Ndiko kuti, tikakumana ndi matenda kapena kulandira katemera, matupi athu amapanga chitetezo chapadera.
Maselo a T omwe ali ndi poizoni ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la mtundu wachiwiri wa chitetezo chamthupi chosinthika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselowa amaphunzitsidwa kuzindikira ndi kuukira kachilombo kena .
Kusiyana pakati pa maselo a T omwe ali ndi cytotoxic ndi maselo achilengedwe opha
Mwina munamvapo za maselo achilengedwe opha. Ngakhale kuti onse ndi maselo 'opha', pali kusiyana pang'ono.
- Maselo Opha Zachilengedwe: Awa ndi mbali ya chitetezo chamthupi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti safunikira maphunziro apadera kapena mphamvu kuti aukire selo loipa. Amangopitiriza kuyang'anira.
- Maselo a T omwe ali ndi poizoni: Awa ndi mbali ya chitetezo chamthupi chosinthika. Kuti athe kuukira selo lomwe lili ndi kachilomboka, ayenera choyamba kudziwa za kachilomboka ndikuyambitsa ntchito.
Momwe mungayambire ndewu
Maselo a T omwe ali ndi poizoni ali ndi 'antenna' yapadera pamwamba pawo yotchedwa CD8 receptor . Pafupifupi selo lililonse m'thupi lathu limakhala ndi "khadi lozindikiritsa" pamwamba pake. Limatchedwa molekyulu ya MHC Class I. Selo likagwidwa ndi kachilombo, selo limenelo limayika kachidutswa kakang'ono ka kachilomboka pa khadi lozindikiritsa ili pamwamba pake, n'kumati, "Apa pali mdani mkati mwanga."
Pamenepo ndi pamene antenna ya CD8 ya selo lathu la T imatenga chizindikirochi. Kenako selo la T limayamba kugwira ntchito ndikupanga mankhwala ofunikira kuti awononge selo lomwe lili ndi kachilomboka.
Komanso, maselo othandiza a T akazindikira matenda, amatulutsa ma cytokines otchedwa ma cytokines . Mauthengawa amalimbikitsanso maselo a T omwe ali ndi poizoni kuti alowe nawo munkhondo.
Kodi maselo a T awa ali kuti m'thupi lathu?
Maselo a T amayamba moyo wawo m'mafupa athu. Kenako, akamakula, amapita ku thymus gland yomwe ili pachifuwa chathu. Thymus ili ngati sukulu yophunzitsira maselo a T. Pamenepo maselowa amakula ndikuphunzira ntchito yawo. Pambuyo pophunzitsidwa, maselowa amayendayenda m'thupi lonse.
Pali maselo ambiri a T m'thupi lathu lonse, makamaka m'thupi lathu. Kuchuluka kwa maselo a T m'thupi kumapezeka mu:
- Mafupa
- Matumbo
- Mapapu
- Ma lymph nodes
- Nkhumba
- Ma Tonsils
Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza maselo a T?
Nthawi zina chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimalephera kugwira ntchito bwino. Pali matenda angapo omwe amakhudza maselo a T.
- Matenda a Autoimmune:Chomwe chimachitika pazochitika izi ndichakuti chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimaukira maselo athu athanzi.
- Khansa ya m'magazi yoopsa: Iyi ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayamba m'magazi ndi m'mafupa.
- Khansa ya Hodgkin ya Akuluakulu: Iyi ndi khansa yomwe imayamba m'maselo a dongosolo la lymphatic.
- Kachilombo ka HIV: Kachilomboka kamaukira mwachindunji maselo a chitetezo chamthupi chathu, makamaka maselo a T.
- Matenda a Ntchito: Ichi ndi matenda osowa kwambiri a chitetezo chamthupi omwe amayambitsa matenda pafupipafupi.
- Thymic aplasia: Kupanga kwa maselo a T kumachepa chifukwa chakuti thymus gland sikukula bwino pobadwa.
Zinthu zomwe tingachite kuti chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chikhale cholimba
Pali zinthu zambiri zosavuta zomwe tingachite kuti gulu lathu lodabwitsa la chitetezo likhale lathanzi komanso lamphamvu.
- Pewani kumwa mowa kapena kuchepetsa kwambiri.
- Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Phatikizani zipatso zambiri, ndiwo zamasamba, nyemba, nyama yopanda mafuta ambiri, nsomba, mtedza, ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi.
- Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Phatikizani masewera olimbitsa thupi osiyanasiyana monga kuyenda, kuthamanga, ndi kunyamula zolemera.
- Gonani bwino. Yesani kugona kwa maola osachepera 7-8 patsiku.
- Pewani kusuta fodya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fodya kotheratu. Ngati mukufuna thandizo kuti musiye, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli.
- Sambani m'manja nthawi zonse ndi sopo ndi madzi. Izi zingathandize kwambiri kupewa majeremusi kulowa m'thupi lanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Maselo a T omwe ali ndi poizoni ndi gulu lapadera la asilikali m'thupi lathu omwe amawononga adani, monga maselo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ndi maselo a khansa.
- Maselo amenewa amakula ndi kuphunzitsa mu thymus gland ya thupi lathu.
- Maselo a T othandizira ali ngati amithenga omwe amalimbikitsa maselo akupha awa kuti amenyane.
- Zinthu zosavuta monga kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kugona bwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kupewa kusuta fodya zingathandize kuti chitetezo chathu cha m'thupi chikhale champhamvu.
- Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza chitetezo chanu chamthupi kapena kudwala pafupipafupi, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
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