Mwina mwawonapo m'mafilimu, sichoncho? Pamene mtima wa munthu waima mwadzidzidzi, madokotala amalowa mwachangu, amaika chipangizo chonga ndodo ziwiri zachitsulo pachifuwa pake, n’kufuula kuti ‘Chotsani!’ n’kumugwedeza. Kenako munthuyo amayamba kunjenjemera ndikuyambanso kupuma. Kodi kwenikweni n’chiyani? Kodi chimapulumutsa bwanji moyo? Ndicho chithandizo chopulumutsa moyo, defibrillation, ndicho chimene tikulankhula lero.
Mwachidule, kodi defibrillation ndi chiyani?
Kutsegula mtima ndi njira yobweretsera mtima kugwedezeka ndi magetsi kuti ubwezeretse kayendedwe kabwino ka mtima, kapena kuti arrhythmia, pakagwa vuto loopsa komanso loopsa la mtima. Zili ngati kuyambitsanso kompyuta ikadali 'yopachikidwa'. Pamene magetsi a mtima asokonekera ndipo mtima ukuyamba kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka ndi magetsi kumeneku kumaletsa kusokonezekako kwakanthawi ndikupatsa mtima mwayi woyambiranso kayendedwe kake kabwino.
Chithandizochi n'chofunikira makamaka pa matenda awiri oopsa:
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya mtima (Ventricles) - Kupanda kupuma: Apa ndi pamene zipinda zapansi pa mtima (ventricles) zimagunda mofulumira kwambiri, koma mofulumira kwambiri kotero kuti mtima ulibe nthawi yopopera magazi kupita m'thupi.
- Kugwedezeka kwa Mitsempha ya M'magazi: Ichi ndi chomwe chimayambitsa kumangidwa kwa mtima mwadzidzidzi . Apa ndi pamene minofu ya mtima imasiya kugunda bwino ndikuyamba kunjenjemera. Zotsatira zake, mtima supompa magazi aliwonse.
Muzochitika zonsezi, chithandizo cha defibrillation chikaperekedwa mwachangu, mwayi wopulumutsa moyo wa wodwalayo umakhala waukulu.
Ndani akufunikira chithandizo ichi?
Aliyense amene ali ndi matenda oopsa a mtima omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa angafunike chithandizochi. Mu chipatala, izi zimachitika ndi gulu lachipatala. Komabe, ngakhale kunja kwa chipatala, ngakhale munthu wamba akhoza kulandira chithandizochi chopulumutsa moyo pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa Automated External Defibrillator (AED), chomwe chimapezeka m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri monga ma eyapoti ndi m'masitolo akuluakulu. Chipangizochi chimapereka malangizo.
Komabe, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kugunda kwa mtima koopsa kumeneku. Anthu otere amafunika kunyamula defibrillator nthawi zonse.
Zotsukira Thupi la Munthu
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya izi:
1. Choyezera Moyo Chovalidwa: Ichi ndi chipangizo chomwe chimavalidwa pansi pa zovala, ngati vesti. Masensa apa amakhudza khungu ndipo nthawi zonse amawunika kayendedwe ka mtima. Ngati pali vuto loopsa, kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kofunikira kumachitika nthawi yomweyo.
2.Chotsukira mtima choyimitsidwa (ICD): Ichi ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe chimayikidwa opaleshoni pansi pa khungu la chifuwa. Chimayang'aniranso nthawi zonse kayendedwe ka mtima ndipo, pakagwa ngozi, chimayambitsa kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kuti mtima ubwerere mwakale. Anthu ambiri amasokoneza izi ndi chotsukira mtima. Chotsukira mtima chimangolamulira kugunda kwa mtima. Koma ICD, kuwonjezera pa kuwongolera kugunda kwa mtima, ingayambitsenso kugwedezeka kuti iimitse kayendedwe ka mtima komwe kangayambitse imfa.
Kodi chithandizo cha defibrillation chimachitidwa bwanji?
Tiyeni tiwone njira zomwe zimayendera pakagwa ngozi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'chipinda chothandizira odwala mwadzidzidzi (ETU) kapena chipinda chothandizira odwala odwala kwambiri m'chipatala.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti mpaka defibrillator itakhala yokonzeka, wodwalayo ayenera kupatsidwa CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) , kutanthauza kupsinjika pachifuwa ndi kupuma kochita kupanga.
Pa nthawi ya chithandizo, munthu amene akumupatsa chithandizo chamagetsi adzafuula kuti "Chotsani!" ndikuchenjeza wodwalayo kuti asakhudze wodwalayo kapena bedi lomwe ali. Kuchita zimenezi kungapangitse kuti agwidwe ndi magetsi.
| Masitepe | Chikuchitika ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kulumikiza Mapepala | Mapepala awiri omata olumikizidwa ku defibrillator amaikidwa pachifuwa cha wodwalayo pamalo oyenera. Chimodzi chimayikidwa pansi pa phewa lamanja ndi china pansi pa nipple yakumanzere. |
| 2. Kusanthula kayendedwe ka nyimbo | Chipangizochi chimafufuza kayendedwe ka magetsi ka mtima ndipo chimaona ngati pali kayendedwe koopsa komwe kumafuna kugwedezeka. |
| 3. Kugunda kwamagetsi | Dokotala kapena munthu wophunzitsidwa bwino, atachenjeza aliyense kuti ayime kumbuyo ("Chotsani!"), amadina batani pa chipangizocho ndipo amagwedeza ndi magetsi. |
| 4. Pambuyo pa chithandizo | Pambuyo poti munthu wagwidwa ndi mantha, CPR imayambiranso nthawi yomweyo kwa mphindi ziwiri. Kenako kugunda kwa mtima ndi kugunda kwa mtima zimayesedwa. Ngati pakufunika, munthu amapatsidwa mankhwala ena owonjezera (monga epinephrine, amiodarone). |
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani munthu akalandira chithandizo? Kodi kuchira kumakhala bwanji?
Ngakhale chithandizo cha defibrillation chikapulumutsa miyoyo, ulendo wopita kuchireni ukhoza kukhala wautali, wokhalitsa miyezi, ngakhale zaka . Pambuyo pa kuima kwadzidzidzi kwa mtima ndi chithandizo cha defibrillation, anthu ambiri amatha kukhala ndi zilema zina.
- Kusamva bwino kwa thupi: Kusweka kwa nthiti pachifuwa kumatha kuchitika panthawi ya CPR. Kutopa kwambiri komanso kuvutika kuyenda ndizomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri.
- Mavuto ena: Anthu ena angakumane ndi mavuto okhudza kukumbukira ndi kulankhula.
- Kubwezeretsa: Izi zimafuna chithandizo cha thupi, chithandizo cha ntchito, ndi chithandizo cha kulankhula.
Ngati muwona munthu akutaya mwadzidzidzi chidziwitso ndikugwa, imbani 1990 nthawi yomweyo ndipo imbani ambulansi! Pakadali pano, ngati mungathe, chitani CPR.
Anthu omwe apulumuka Ventricular Fibrillation ali ndi mwayi waukulu wobwereranso ku matendawa. Choncho dokotala wanu adzayesa kupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa ndikuchiza matendawa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amalangiza kuti muyike ICD. Ngati muli ndi ICD, ndikofunikira kupita kwa dokotala wanu kuti akakuwoneni nthawi zonse ndikumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe mwalangizidwira.
Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pa izi?
Chiwopsezo chachikulu ndichakuti chithandizo cha defibrillation chimaperekedwa kwa mtima womwe suufuna . Mwachitsanzo, ngati 'shock' iyi iperekedwa kwa munthu amene ali ndi kugunda kwa mtima, kapena kwa munthu amene alibe Ventricular Fibrillation, ingayambitse kusakhazikika koopsa mumtima wathanzi ndikupangitsa kuti mtima usiye kugwira ntchito. Ichi ndichifukwa chake akatswiri azachipatala ophunzitsidwa bwino kapena zida zapadera za AED zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kutsegula mtima (defibrillation) ndi njira yopulumutsira moyo yomwe imayambiranso mtima mwa kuyambitsa kugunda kwamagetsi ngati pakhala vuto lalikulu la mtima.
- Izi zili ngati 'kuyambitsanso' mtima.
- Ngati mtima walephera kugwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyambitsa CPR ndi kubweretsa defibrillator mwachangu momwe zingathere. Nthawi ndi moyo.
- Ngati wina wagwa mwadzidzidzi, imbani 1990 nthawi yomweyo.
- Kuchira ku vutoli ndi njira yayitali, ndipo upangiri wachipatala, chithandizo chobwezeretsa thanzi, ndi kuleza mtima ndizofunikira kwambiri.
- Ngati mwaika chipangizo cha ICD, ndikofunikira kuti muzilankhulana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse ndikupimidwa nthawi zonse.
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