Tonse tamva nkhani yokhudza nkhani yakuti winawake walowetsedwa ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ya chipatala ali ndi vuto "lovuta kwambiri". Kapena tawona nkhani yolimbikitsa yakuti vuto la wina tsopano ndi "Labwino". Koma kodi mawu awa amatanthauza chiyani kwenikweni? Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo tanthauzo la zachipatala kumbuyo kwa mawu awa? Ndicho chimene tikulankhula lero.
N’chifukwa chiyani madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mawu awa?
Choyamba chomwe tiyenera kumvetsetsa ndichakuti chipatala chikafotokozera za matenda a wodwala kwa atolankhani kapena kwa anthu akunja, mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwadala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amangopereka lingaliro lathunthu la matenda a wodwalayo.
Chifukwa chachikulu chogwiritsira ntchito mawu oterewa ndikuteteza chinsinsi cha wodwalayo . Sizotheka kuulula zonse zokhudza zachipatala za wodwalayo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mawu ena ofanana ndi awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupereka lingaliro la momwe zinthu zilili.
Ngati wachibale kapena mnzanu akudwala kapena wachita ngozi ndipo ali m'chipatala, dokotala kapena namwino angakuuzeni za vutoli m'mawu awa. Komabe, kuzama kwa kufotokozera komwe akukupatsani kungasiyane kutengera momwe muli pafupi ndi wodwalayo komanso momwe vutoli likuchitikira mwachangu.
Mawu ofunikira 5 omwe amagawa matenda
Kawirikawiri, pali mawu ochepa omwe amayambitsidwa ndi mabungwe monga American Hospital Association (AHA). Ku Sri Lanka, nthawi zambiri timagawa matenda a odwala m'magulu mofanana. Tiyeni tsopano tiwone tanthauzo la mawu aliwonsewa.
| Mkhalidwe | Tanthauzo losavuta |
|---|---|
| Zosatsimikizika (sizinatsimikizidwebe) | Wodwalayo sanafufuzidwe bwino ndi dokotala komanso sanapatsidwe matenda. |
| Zabwino | Zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zimakhala zokhazikika. Wodwalayo akuzindikira. Akuyembekezeka kuchira mwachangu. |
| Zabwino | Zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zimakhala zokhazikika. Wodwalayo amadziwa bwino, koma akhoza kukhala ndi kusapeza bwino kapena kupweteka. Zotsatira zake ndizabwino. |
| Zofunika kwambiri | Zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zingakhale zosakhazikika. Mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndi wovuta kwambiri. N'zovuta kunena motsimikiza zomwe zidzachitike pambuyo pake. |
| Zovuta | Zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri sizikhazikika, sizili bwino nthawi zonse. Wodwalayo angataye chikumbumtima. Pali chiopsezo pa moyo, ndipo tsogolo silingathe kunenedweratu. |
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa 'Chabwino' ndi 'Chachilungamo' n'chiyani?
'Zabwino' zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za wodwalayo, monga kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi kutentha kwa thupi, zimakhala zokhazikika pamlingo wabwinobwino . Wodwalayo ali maso ndipo alibe vuto lililonse lalikulu. Dokotala akuyembekezera kuchira bwino kwambiri.
Mu mkhalidwe 'Woyenera' (wokhutiritsa), zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zimakhala zokhazikika. Komabe, wodwalayo akhoza kukhala ndi vuto linalake losasangalatsa kapena ululu. Iye ali ndi chidziwitso. Pakadali pano, dokotala akuyembekezera zotsatira zabwino . Mwachidule, 'Zabwino' zikutanthauza matenda abwinoko pang'ono.
Mawu awiri owopsa akuti 'Serious' ndi 'Critical'
Mu mkhalidwe 'Woopsa', zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za wodwalayo zingakhale zosakhazikika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zitha kupitirira malire oyenera. Mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndi woopsa kwambiri. Imeneyi ndi mkhalidwe womwe ngakhale dokotala sangathe kuneneratu zomwe zidzachitike pambuyo pake .
Nkhani 'yovuta' ndiyo yoopsa kwambiri. Pano , zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri sizikhazikika konse, zoposa malire achibadwa . Wodwalayo angataye chikumbumtima. N'kovuta kuti dokotala akhale ndi chiyembekezo chabwino cha mtsogolo, kapena n'kosatsimikizika kwambiri kuti anganene chilichonse chokhudza zomwe zidzachitike.
Kodi 'Chisamaliro Chofunikira' n'chiyani?
Mawu oti 'critical' amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza matenda a wodwala komanso mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe amafunikira. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa kapena kuvulala amafunika 'critical care' , yomwe ndi chisamaliro chapamwamba kwambiri chomwe chilipo. Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimaperekedwa kuchipatala.Mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU).
Mu chipinda chothandizira odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima (ICU), chithandizo cha moyo chimaperekedwa. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:
- Makina omwe amakuthandizani kupuma. Timatcha makina opumira mpweya .
- Njira zotsitsimutsa mtima ngati wasiya kugunda. Mwachitsanzo, CPR ndi defibrillation .
- Kudyetsa mwana pogwiritsa ntchito chubu kuti thupi lipeze zakudya ndi madzi ofunikira.
Koma kumbukirani, kungoti wodwala ali ndi 'chithandizo cha moyo' sikutanthauza kuti moyo wake uli pachiwopsezo nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chakanthawi mpaka wodwalayo atakwanitsa kuchita ntchito zimenezo yekha.
Ndiye kodi 'Stable' ndi udindo?
Apa ndi pomwe anthu ambiri amakakamira. Ndipotu, mabungwe monga AHA amati ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito mawu oti "stable" okha pofotokoza za matenda a wodwala.
Komanso, savomereza kugwiritsa ntchito mawu awiri monga "wotsutsa koma wokhazikika" pamodzi. Taganizirani izi, 'Wotsutsa' ndi wa munthu amene zizindikiro zake za moyo sizikhazikika. Kodi munthu wotere angakhale bwanji 'Wokhazikika'? Zimenezo n'zotsutsana, sichoncho?
Komabe, m'zipatala zambiri padziko lonse lapansi, monga m'dziko lathu, mawu oti 'stable' amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pano, 'stable' nthawi zambiri amatanthauza kuti zizindikiro za moyo wa wodwalayo sizinasinthe kwambiri panthawiyo, koma zikupitirirabe pamlingo womwewo .
Komabe, popeza palibe tanthauzo lachipatala lomwe limagwirizana pa izi, zomwe dokotala wina amaona kuti 'Stable' zitha kuonedwa ngati 'Unstable' ndi wina.
Kotero, ngati dokotala anena kuti 'stable' pamene munthu amene mumamudziwa ali kuchipatala, ndi bwino kumufunsanso kuti afotokoze bwino tanthauzo lake. "Dokotala, kodi 'stable' imatanthauza kuti vuto lawo likukulirakulira kapena kuti silikukulirakulira?" Musaope kufunsa.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mawu monga 'Critical' ndi 'Fair', akagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nkhani kapena pofotokoza za matenda a wodwala, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwadala m'njira yodziwika bwino kuti ateteze chinsinsi cha wodwalayo.
- Mawu akuti 'Chabwino', 'Chabwino', 'Chofunika Kwambiri', ndi 'Chofunika Kwambiri' amapereka lingaliro lomveka bwino la kukhazikika kwa zizindikiro zofunika za wodwalayo, chikumbumtima, ndi kuthekera kwake kuchira.
- Mawu oti 'khola' alibe tanthauzo lenileni la zamankhwala, kotero akhoza kukhala osokoneza pang'ono.
- Ngati munthu wapafupi nanu ali kuchipatala, ndipo simukumvetsa mawu aliwonse, dokotalayo akunena,Musazengereze kupempha kuti akufotokozereni bwino. Ndi ufulu wanu. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
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