Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso nkhawa mukazindikira kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga. Koma chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti pali mankhwala abwino kwambiri omwe alipo masiku ano kuposa kale lonse kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi matenda anu a shuga ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Pamodzi, inu ndi dokotala wanu mupanga dongosolo lokuthandizani kuthana ndi shuga m'magazi mwanu ndikusunga kulemera kwabwino.
Nthawi zina, mankhwala amodzi sangakhale okwanira kuti shuga m'magazi mwanu akhale abwinobwino. Pazochitika zotere, dokotala wanu angawonjezere mankhwala ena. Tiyeni tikambirane za mankhwala awa limodzi ndi limodzi.
Mankhwala Omwa
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri amayamba kulandira chithandizo chotchedwa Metformin. Izi zimagwira ntchito makamaka pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe chiwindi chanu chimapanga. Metformin imathandizanso minofu yanu kuyamwa bwino mahomoni a insulin, omwe amathandiza thupi lanu kugwiritsa ntchito shuga womwe limalandira.
Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amatengedwa kawiri patsiku. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumwa piritsili pamodzi ndi chakudya. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kwambiri zotsatirapo zoyipa monga kutsekula m'mimba, makamaka kutsegula m'mimba.
Ngati metformin yokha siilamulira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu, dokotala wanu angakuwonjezereni mlingo wanu kapena kuwonjezera mtundu wina wa mankhwala. Tiyeni tiwone mankhwala ena awa.
Kumbukirani kuti, mankhwala onsewa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati dokotala wanu wakupatsani upangiri. Simuyenera kungowamwa chifukwa choti mnzanu akuwagwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa matupi a aliyense ndi osiyana.
| Mtundu wa mankhwala ndi kufotokozera kosavuta | Zitsanzo (mayina a makampani) |
|---|---|
| Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors Izi zimagwira ntchito poletsa thupi kugawa zakudya zokhuthala zomwe timadya, monga buledi ndi mbatata, motero zimachepetsa kukwera kwadzidzidzi kwa shuga m'magazi. | Acarbose (Precose), Miglitol (Glyset) |
| Zosakaniza za asidi ya bile Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol yoyipa (LDL cholesterol) m'thupi. Koma apezekanso kuti amachepetsa shuga m'magazi. Izi zitha kukhala zotetezeka kwa anthu omwe sangathe kumwa mankhwala ena a shuga chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi. | Colesevelam (Welchol) |
| Zoletsa za DPP-4 Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. | Alogliptin (Nesina), Linagliptin (Tradjenta), Saxagliptin (Onglyza), Sitagliptin (Januvia) |
| Ma agonist a GLP-1 receptor Izi zimathandiza thupi kupanga insulin yambiri. Zimachedwetsanso kugaya chakudya ndikukupangitsani kumva kukhuta. Zina mwa izi zimapezekanso ngati jakisoni. | Dulaglutide (Trulicity), Exenatide (Byetta), Liraglutide (Victoza), Semaglutide (Ozempic, Rybelsus) |
| GIP ndi GLP-1 receptor agonist Uwu ndi mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuonjezera kupanga insulin pokhapokha ngati shuga m'magazi ali pamwamba. | Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) |
| Meglitinides Mankhwalawa amathandiza thupi kupanga insulin yambiri. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amatengedwa musanadye chakudya chachikulu. | Nateglinide (Starlix), Repaglinide (Prandin) |
| Zoletsa za SGLT2 Mankhwala amtunduwu ndi apadera kwambiri. Amagwira ntchito pochotsa shuga wochuluka m'magazi mwanu kudzera mu impso ndi mkodzo. Mankhwala ena (monga Empagliflozin) amathandizanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima. | Canagliflozin (Invokana), Dapagliflozin (Farxiga), Empagliflozin (Jardiance) |
| Sulfonylureas Izi zimapangitsa kuti kapamba wanu apange insulin yambiri. | Glimepiride (Amaryl), Glipizide (Glucotrol), Glyburide (Diabeta) |
| Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) Izi zimathandiza kuti minofu ndi mafuta azigwira ntchito bwino ndi insulin. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimathandiza kuti insulin igwire bwino ntchito. | Pioglitazone (Actos), Rosiglitazone (Avandia) |
Chithandizo cha insulin
Insulini ndi mahomoni ofunikira omwe amapangidwa ndi matupi athu omwe amathandiza kusuntha shuga m'magazi kupita ku maselo kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphamvu.
Tsopano, ngati mukuyenera kulandira jakisoni wa insulin, musaganize kuti, "Ayi, nditaya mphamvu pa matenda anga." Sizili choncho. Thupi la aliyense ndi losiyana. Mwina ngati mwakhala ndi matenda a shuga kwa nthawi yayitali, ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi wokwera kwambiri, kapena ngati muli ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo omwe amakuvutani kuwongolera shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi mapiritsi okha, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mugwiritse ntchito insulin pamodzi ndi mapiritsi.
Anthu ambiri amaika insulin m'mafuta omwe ali pansi pa khungu. Dokotala wanu ndiye amene adzasankha kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe mukufuna patsiku.
Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulin.
- Zimagwira ntchito mwachangu: Izi zimagwira ntchito pasanathe mphindi zochepa kuchokera pamene zabayidwa ndipo zimatha kwa maola angapo.
- Yogwira ntchito mwachidule: Imagwira ntchito mkati mwa theka la ola ndipo imatenga maola 3-6.
- Kuchita zinthu mwapakatikati: Kumagwira ntchito mkati mwa maola 2-4 ndipo kumatenga maola 12-18.
- Yogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali: Izi zimathandiza kuti shuga m'magazi azikhala bwino tsiku lonse.
Mungapeze insulin pogwiritsa ntchito syringe, cholembera chodzaza kale, kapena chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pa khungu (insulin pump). Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani momwe mungachitire izi.
Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa moyenera?
Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri.
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu: Imwani mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu wakuuzani, panthawi yake komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa. Mankhwala ena ayenera kumwedwa pamodzi ndi chakudya kuti muchepetse zotsatirapo zake. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsatira malangizo amenewo.
- Kusunga mankhwala anu: Dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala adzakupatsani malangizo a momwe mungasungire mankhwala anu. Makamaka zinthu monga insulin ziyenera kusungidwa kutentha koyenera. Izi zithandiza kusunga ubwino wa mankhwala.
- Samalani ndi mowa:Kumwa mowa sikuvomerezeka mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake, monga metformin. Anthu odwala matenda a shuga amatha kukhala ndi vuto la mowa kuposa ena. Choncho samalani kwambiri ngati mukumwa mowa. Ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe munthu angathe kuwathetsa, choncho musachite mantha kwambiri.
- Gwirani ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti mupange njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Musaope kufunsa mafunso ngati muli nawo.
- Anthu ambiri amayamba kulandira mankhwala otchedwa metformin. Kumwa mankhwalawa pamodzi ndi chakudya kungathandize kuchepetsa mavuto ena.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin sikutanthauza kuti matenda anu atha. Ndi chithandizo chofunikira komanso chothandiza kwambiri.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani, panthawi yoyenera, mu mlingo woyenera, komanso monga momwe mwalangizidwira.
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