Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, mwina mwamvapo mawu akuti "shuga wambiri m'magazi" nthawi zonse. Mwina mwamvapo kuti zachitikira mnzanu kapena wachibale wanu. Mwachidule, ichi ndi chimene sayansi ya zamankhwala imatcha hyperglycemia. Zimatanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa thupi lanu silipanga mahomoni a insulin moyenera kapena silingagwiritse ntchito bwino insulin yomwe limapanga. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za izi mozama pang'ono, mwanjira yomwe aliyense angamvetse.
Kodi vuto la hyperglycemia kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Taganizirani izi, maselo m'thupi lathu ali ngati mainjini ang'onoang'ono. Mainjini awa amafunika mphamvu, kapena mafuta, kuti agwire ntchito. Mafuta awa ndi shuga, omwe timapeza kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe timadya, makamaka kuchokera ku zakudya zomwe zili ndi chakudya cham'mimba. Koma shuga uyu sangalowe mwachindunji m'maselo. Amafunika thandizo kuchokera ku mahomoni otchedwa insulin. Insulin ili ngati kiyi yomwe imatsegula chitseko cha selo.
Munthu wodwala matenda a shuga amakhala ndi vuto ndi kiyi iyi (insulin). Kaya palibe makiyi okwanira (mtundu woyamba wa shuga), kapena ngakhale pali makiyi, sakugwirizana bwino ndi loko ya chitseko (insulin resistance, yomwe imachitika mu mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga). Nanga chimachitika ndi chiyani? Shuga yomwe imasonkhana m'magazi sangalowe m'maselo ndikusonkhana m'magazi. Kuwonjezeka kumeneku kwa shuga m'magazi kumatchedwa hyperglycemia.
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochitira izi:
| Mtundu wa hyperglycemia | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kusala Kuthamanga kwa Shuga M'magazi | Izi zikutanthauza kuti shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi wokwera kuposa 130 mg/dL mutatha kudya kapena kumwa chilichonse kwa maola osachepera 8. (Ngati mtengo wanu uli pakati pa 100-125 mg/dL, umaonedwa kuti ndi prediabetes.) |
| Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pambuyo pa chakudya | Ngati shuga m'magazi mwayesedwa maola awiri mutadya, amakhala okwera kuposa 180 mg/dL . Ngakhale mutadya chakudya chambiri, kuchuluka kumeneku sikukwera kwambiri kuposa 140 mg/dL mwa munthu wopanda matenda a shuga. |
Chofunika kwambiri, ngati vutoli likuchitika pafupipafupi kapena likupitirira, likhoza kuwononga mitsempha yanu, mitsempha yamagazi, ndi ziwalo zamkati. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira ndi kuchiza mwachangu.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi?
Pali zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe munthu wodwala matenda a shuga angakhale ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi.
- Kuiwala kapena kuphonya mapiritsi a insulin kapena matenda a shuga omwe mwapatsidwa pa nthawi yake .
- Kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi chakudya chochuluka (starch) kuposa kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe mukufuna. Mwachitsanzo, kudya mpunga, buledi, kapena mbatata zambiri.
- Matenda m'thupi.
- Matenda ena aliwonse (monga chimfine, chimfine).
- Kupsinjika maganizo kwambiri.
- Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
- Nthawi zina, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri (makamaka pamene shuga m'magazi ali kale okwera ndipo insulin yochepa) kungakhalenso chifukwa.
Kodi anthu opanda matenda a shuga angakhale ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi?
Inde, ngakhale anthu omwe alibe matenda a shuga nthawi zina amatha kukhala ndi vuto la hyperglycemia.
- Matenda a Cushing: Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri pamene thupi limakhala ndi mahomoni ambiri a cortisol kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Matenda a kapamba: Ngati pali matenda a kapamba omwe amatulutsa insulin (pancreatitis kapena khansa ya kapamba), kupanga insulin kungasokonezeke.
- Matenda a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Matendawa, omwe amapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi, amadziwika ndi kukana insulin.
- Mankhwala ena: Mankhwala ena, monga ma steroids, amathanso kukweza shuga m'magazi kwakanthawi.
Kodi zizindikiro za shuga wambiri m'magazi ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri m'magazi zimatha kusiyana pachiyambi komanso pamene vutoli likupitirira. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira izi.
| Zizindikiro zoyambirira | Zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika kwa nthawi yayitali |
|---|---|
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Zadzidzidzi: Matenda a shuga a Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Ichi ndi chinthu choyenera kusamala nacho kwambiri. Ngati hyperglycemia ipitirirabe popanda kulamulidwa, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1, ingayambitse matenda oopsa komanso oopsa otchedwa Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA).
Mwachidule, pamene maselo sangathe kupeza shuga, thupi limayamba kuwotcha mafuta kuti lipeze mphamvu. Njira imeneyi imapanga mankhwala otchedwa "ketones." Pamene ma ketone awa asonkhana m'magazi, magazi amakhala acidic. Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri.
Zizindikiro za matenda a DKA:
- Kusanza ndi kusanza
- Kutaya madzi m'thupi kwambiri
- Kuwawa kwam'mimba
- Kuvuta kupuma
- Fungo la zipatso pamphuno
- Kugunda kwa mtima
- Kusokonezeka ndi kutaya chidziwitso (coma)
Ngati inuyo kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikirozi, muyenera kupita ku chipatala mwamsanga. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi.
Kodi tingatani kuti tithetse vutoli ndikuliletsa?
Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga ndipo mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, choyamba yang'anani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu. Kenako lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Iye angakupatseni malangizo motere:
1. Imwani madzi ambiri: Kumwa madzi kumathandiza kutulutsa shuga wochuluka m'thupi kudzera mu mkodzo. Kungathandizenso kupewa kutaya madzi m'thupi.
2. Kuchita Masewera Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi. Koma nayi mfundo yofunika kukumbukira. Ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi wokwera kale ndipo muli ndi ma ketones mu mkodzo wanu (makamaka mu matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba), kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungapangitse zinthu kukhala zovuta kwambiri.Choncho, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu malangizo okhudza momwe mungachitire masewera olimbitsa thupi.
3. Sinthani kadyedwe kanu: Mungafunike kusintha kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa chakudya chomwe mumadya. Mutha kupempha upangiri kwa katswiri wa zakudya kuti mupewe izi.
4. Kusintha Mankhwala: Musasinthe mtundu, mlingo, kapena nthawi ya mankhwala anu popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu kaye. Ngati pakufunika kutero, dokotala wanu adzasintha yekha.
Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikupewa vutoli. Izi zimafuna kutsatira ndondomeko yanu yosamalira matenda a shuga.
- Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani pa nthawi yake.
- Tsatirani ndondomeko ya chakudya yomwe mwapatsidwa.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
- Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu nthawi zonse.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuvala chizindikiritso cha dokotala kuti ena adziwe kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga pakagwa ngozi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (hyperglycemia) ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kodabwitsa. Imeneyi ndi vuto lomwe limapezeka kawirikawiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.
- Dziwani zizindikiro zoyambirira monga ludzu lobwerezabwereza, kukodza pafupipafupi, kutopa, komanso kusawona bwino.
- Mungathe kuwongolera vutoli mwa kutsatira mosamala zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi ndondomeko ya mankhwala yomwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani.
- Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zoopsa monga kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, komanso fungo la zipatso m'mphuno mwanu, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa ikhoza kukhala vuto ladzidzidzi lotchedwa (DKA) .
- Musasinthe mankhwala anu popanda upangiri wa dokotala. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.
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