Kodi muli ndi matenda a shuga? Kapena pali wina m'banja mwanu kapena mnzanu? Ndiye mwina muli ndi mafunso ambiri okhudza mapiritsi ndi jakisoni wa insulin omwe dokotala amakupatsani. "Chifukwa chiyani munandipatsa mankhwalawa?", "Kodi mapiritsiwa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?", "Kodi ndiyenera kumwa izi tsiku lililonse?" Zinthu ngati zimenezi mwina zimabwera m'maganizo mwanu. Mafunso amenewa ndi abwinobwino, musadandaule nawo. Lero, tiyeni timvetse zonsezi mosavuta, ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzanu.
Choyamba tiyeni tiwone, nchifukwa chiyani tikufunika mankhwala a matenda ashuga?
Mwachidule, matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe matupi athu sangathe kuwongolera bwino kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwathu. Matupi athu amafunikira hormone yotchedwa insulin kuti agwiritse ntchito shuga (shuga) kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya. Mu matenda a shuga, kupanga kwa hormone iyi, insulin, kumachepa, kapena thupi siliyankha bwino ku insulin yomwe limapanga.
Ngati shuga m'magazi mwathu sikhala wokwera kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kulamulira, maso athu, impso, mtima, ndi mitsempha zimatha kuwonongeka. Madokotala amapereka mankhwala oletsa mavuto oopsawa. Ntchito yayikulu ya mankhwalawa ndikuthandizira kuti shuga m'magazi akhalebe m'malo otetezeka.
Kodi mankhwala akuluakulu a matenda a shuga ndi ati?
Mankhwala a matenda a shuga angagawidwe m'magulu awiri akuluakulu.
1. Mankhwala Omwedwa: Izi ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amayamba nazo poyamba.
2. Mankhwala Obayidwa: Izi zikuphatikizapo insulin ndi mitundu ina yatsopano ya jakisoni.
Dokotala wanu adzasankha ngati mudzapatsidwa mapiritsi, jakisoni, kapena zonse ziwiri. Izi zidzadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo mtundu wanu wa matenda a shuga (Mtundu 1 kapena Mtundu 2), kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu, zaka zanu, ndi matenda ena aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.
Tiyeni tiphunzire za mapiritsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya mapiritsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a shuga ku Sri Lanka ndi padziko lonse lapansi. Iliyonse imagwira ntchito m'thupi mwanjira yosiyana pang'ono. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu.
| Dzina la Gulu la Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo | Momwe imagwirira ntchito mkati mwa thupi (mwachidule) | Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino |
|---|---|---|
| Biguanides | Zimachepetsa kupanga shuga m'chiwindi ndipo zimawonjezera mphamvu ya maselo a thupi ku insulin. | Metformin - Iyi ndi mankhwala oyamba kuperekedwa kwa anthu ambiri. |
| Sulfonylureas | Zimathandiza polankhula ndi kapamba wathu ndikumuuza kuti "apange insulin yowonjezera." | Glimepiride, Gliclazide |
| Zoletsa za DPP-4 | Shuga ikakwera m'magazi mutadya, zimathandiza kupanga insulin. Shuga ikachepa m'magazi, insulin sipangidwa pachabe. | Sitagliptin, Linagliptin |
| Zoletsa za SGLT2 | Zimathandiza kutulutsa shuga wochuluka m'thupi kudzera mu impso kudzera mu mkodzo. | Empagliflozin, Dapagliflozin |
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti mankhwala onsewa amagwira ntchito mosiyana, kotero mankhwala omwe mnzanu akumwa sangagwire ntchito kwa inu. Imwani mankhwala okhawo omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, monga momwe mwalangizidwira.
Insulin ndi jakisoni wina
Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuwongolera shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi okha. Makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba komanso omwe akhala ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri kwa nthawi yayitali, jakisoni wa insulin amafunika.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya jakisoni wa insulin:
- Insulin yogwira ntchito mwachangu: Izi nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa mphindi 15 musanadye.
- Insulin yogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali: Imagwira ntchito kwa maola pafupifupi 24 ikabayidwa kamodzi patsiku.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu yatsopano ya jakisoni yotchedwa `GLP-1 agonists` yomwe tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a shuga (monga `Semaglutide (Ozempic)`, `Liraglutide (Victoza)`). Izi zimathandiza kupanga insulin, komanso zimathandiza kuchepetsa njala komanso kuthandiza kuchepetsa thupi.
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kukumbukira zokhudza mankhwala
1. Musaope zotsatirapo zake, dziwani.
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwala a shuga amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zochepa. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena amatha kuvutika pang'ono m'mimba kapena nseru m'masiku oyamba atayamba kumwa metformin. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha pakatha masiku ochepa.
2. Samalani kwambiri ndi hypoglycemia.
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Makamaka iwo omwe amatenga insulin ndi sulfonylureas ayenera kudziwa izi. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika pamene shuga m'magazi amatsika kwambiri. Izi zikachitika,
- Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri.
- Thupi langa likugwedezeka.
- Ndikumva chizungulire (chizungulire).
- Ndikumva njala kwambiri.
- N'zovuta kuganizira kwambiri.
Ngati mukumva zizindikirozi, muyenera kudya nthawi yomweyo chinthu chokoma (masupuni awiri kapena atatu a shuga wosungunuka m'madzi, shuga pang'ono, chakumwa chokoma, kapena chidutswa cha toffee). Kenako idyani chakudya chokoma monga mpunga. Ngati izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala wanu. Mankhwala anu angafunike kusinthidwa.
3. Musasiye kapena kusintha mankhwala nokha
Musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu nokha, kuganiza kuti, "Shuga wanga m'magazi tsopano ndi wabwinobwino, kotero sindikufuna mankhwala." Zimenezo n'zoopsa kwambiri. Shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi wotetezeka chifukwa mukumwa mankhwalawo. Dokotala wanu yekha ndiye ali ndi mphamvu zosintha mlingo, kusiya, kapena kuyambitsa mankhwala atsopano.
4. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mukumwa mankhwala ena aliwonse.
Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ena, mavitamini, kapena mankhwala achikhalidwe, chonde dziwitsani dokotala wanu wa matenda a shuga za zonsezi. Mankhwala ena amatha kuyanjana.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala a matenda a shuga si mdani wanu, ndi bwenzi lanu lapamtima lomwe limakuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.
- Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, panthawi yoyenera, mu mlingo woyenera. Musamadumphe mlingo.
- Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala, kudya moyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Simungangomwa mankhwala osachita zinthu ziwirizi.
- Dziwani zizindikiro za hypoglycemia. Kumbukirani zomwe mungachite ngati zitachitika popanda mantha.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi mankhwala anu kapena zotsatira zake zoyipa, musafufuze pa intaneti, koma funsani dokotala wanu mwachindunji. Iye adzakupatsani upangiri wabwino kwambiri.
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