Tonsefe takhala tikumwa mankhwala a matenda enaake nthawi ina m'miyoyo yathu, sichoncho? Mwina ndi aspirin wamba. Kapena mwina ndi mankhwala apadera omwe dokotala watipatsa. Koma kodi munayamba mwaganizapo kuti chilichonse, kuyambira piritsi losavuta mpaka mankhwala okwera mtengo kwambiri, chingakhale ndi 'zotsatira zoyipa' zazing'ono? Zina mwa izi ndi zazing'ono kwambiri, zina ndi zokhumudwitsa zazing'ono, ndipo zina zingakhale zazikulu kwambiri.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake kwenikweni ndi ziti?
Mwachidule, zotsatira zoyipa ndi zotsatira zilizonse zomwe zimachitika m'thupi lathu tikamamwa mankhwala, kuwonjezera pa zomwe mankhwalawo amayembekezera (kuchiritsa matendawa).
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe timazidziwa bwino kwambiri ndi mavuto am'mimba . Kumva nseru, kumva ngati m'mimba mukusintha, kumva ngati muli ndi vuto la m'mimba. Ndipotu, ndi mankhwala aliwonse, izi zitha kuchitika kwa anthu ochepa. Ngati tikumwa mankhwala a pakhungu, tikhoza kumva kufiira kapena kuyabwa pakhungu.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa za zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala, nthawi zambiri zimakhala pa chizindikiro cha mankhwala (Over-the-Counter - OTC) omwe mumagula ku pharmacy. Izi zalembedwa pamndandanda wautali womwe uli mu phukusi lomwe limabwera ndi mankhwala.
Koma musachite mantha ndi mndandanda wautaliwu! Chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ndikuwafunsa momveka bwino zotsatirapo zake za mankhwalawa komanso njira zodzitetezera zomwe muyenera kutsatira.
Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zotsatirapo zake?
Inde, ndithudi. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za zotsatirapo zake. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu.
| Mtundu wa zotsatira zoyipa | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Matenda a ziwengo | Izi zitha kuchitika pa mankhwala aliwonse. Zitha kuyambira pa kuyabwa pakhungu mpaka kuopsa kwa anaphylactic reaction, zomwe zingakhale zoopsa ndipo zingayambitse kupuma movutikira komanso kutupa pankhope. |
| Zinthu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mtundu wa mankhwala | Mankhwala ena amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuvutika maganizo (monga diphenhydramine) angayambitse kugona tulo komanso pakamwa pouma. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mankhwalawa amakhudzanso neurotransmitter acetylcholine m'thupi lathu. |
| Zinthu zomwe zimadalira mlingo | Mankhwala ena ndi otetezeka akamwedwa mu mlingo woyenera. Koma ngati mlingo uli wochepa pang'ono, mavuto amabuka. Monga mankhwala a Warfarin, omwe amaperekedwa kuti magazi asaundane. Ndi abwino ngati atengedwa moyenera, koma ngati atengedwa molakwika, angayambitse kutuluka magazi kwambiri m'thupi. |
| Kuyanjana kwa Mankhwala | Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kumwa mowa ndi mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu kungakhale koopsa. Komanso, kumwa madzi a zipatso (monga madzi a mphesa) ndi mankhwala ena othamanga magazi ndi cholesterol kungasinthe momwe mankhwalawo amagwirira ntchito. |
Samalani kwambiri ndi momwe mankhwala amagwirizanirana ndi mankhwala!
Choncho, poyambitsa mankhwala atsopano, ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa panopa, mavitamini, ndi zakudya zomwe mumadya. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Kodi sayesa zinthuzi mankhwala asanabwere pamsika?
Ndipotu, mankhwala asanatifikire m'manja mwathu, amaperekedwa kwa nyama kenako kwa anthu, ndipo mayeso ambiri amachitidwa kuti awone ngati akupereka zotsatira zomwe amayembekezera komanso ngati ndi otetezeka. Pambuyo poyang'ana zotsatira izi, ndi pokhapokha ngati zatsimikiziridwa kuti ubwino wa mankhwalawo ndi woposa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike ndipo wavomerezedwa ndi bungwe loyang'anira mankhwala (monga FDA ku United States).
Komabe, mayesowa sagwira chilichonse. Mankhwalawa akagulitsidwa, ndipo anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito, zotsatirapo zina zatsopano zimanenedwa. Izi zimatchedwa 'kuwunika pambuyo pa malonda' . Izi ndi zomwe mapulogalamu monga a FDA's MedWatch ku United States amachita. Mabungwewa amadziwitsa madokotala ndi anthu omwe akumwa mankhwalawa za zotsatirapo zatsopano.
Nthawi zina, ngati chidziwitso cholandiridwa motere chili choopsa, amachitapo kanthu kuti achotse mankhwalawo pamsika.
- Chitsanzo 1: Raptiva yoperekedwa kwa psoriasisPamene zinanenedwa kuti mankhwalawa amayambitsa matenda muubongo, chenjezo la bokosi lakuda linaperekedwa ndipo pambuyo pake linachotsedwa pamsika.
- Chitsanzo 2: Pamene mankhwala a Baycol omwe ali ndi cholesterol adapezeka kuti amayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu, adachotsedwanso mkati mwa zaka 4.
Ku Sri Lanka, ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwitsa dokotala wanu za izi. Kenako akhoza kuuza akuluakulu oyenerera.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake zonse ndi zoipa? Palinso maubwino ena odabwitsa!
Ayi, si zonse zomwe zili zoipa. Zotsatirapo zina zimakhala ndi mwayi! Tangoganizirani, pamene mukufufuza mankhwala a matenda amodzi, mukupeza kuti amayambitsa china chabwino.
- Finasteride: Poyamba idapangidwa ngati mankhwala ochizira prostate gland yokulirapo mwa amuna. Koma zidapezeka kuti amuna omwe adagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa anali ndi tsitsi lomwe likukula m'malo awo atsitsi! Tsopano ikugulitsidwa ngati mankhwala ochizira tsitsi pansi pa dzina lakuti Propecia.
- Minoxidil: Iyi idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati piritsi la kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pambuyo pake, zidapezeka kuti imayambitsanso kukula kwa tsitsi. Masiku ano, imapezeka ngati kirimu kapena thovu la tsitsi, ndipo ingagulidwe ku pharmacy.
Mukuona, sichoncho? Mankhwala ndi zinthu zovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndi bwino kudziwa bwino za iwo ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito motsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala ndi bwenzi lomwe limachiritsa matenda athu, koma musaiwale kuti monga mankhwala ena onse, pakhoza kukhala zotsatirapo zake.
- Musanayambe kumwa mankhwala atsopano, kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za zotsatirapo zake. Musaope kumwa.
- Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena aliwonse, mavitamini, ndi zakudya zomwe mukudya zomwe mukumwa panopa, chifukwa zinthu zina zingayambitse mavuto zikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zachilendo komanso zoopsa (monga kupuma movutikira, kutupa pankhope, kuvulala kwambiri) , pitani ku chipatala chapafupi cha Emergency Department (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
- Si zotsatirapo zonse zoyipa zomwe zimakhala zoipa. Nthawi zina, mutha kupeza zotsatira zabwino modabwitsa.
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