Tiyeni tidziwe za malo achilendo omwe ali pathupi lanu? (Dysplastic Nevus / Atypical Moles)

Kodi mudayamba mwada nkhawa ndi mafinya omwe ali m'thupi lanu? Mwina mwazindikira kuti mafinya ena ndi osiyana ndi ena, akuluakulu, amtundu wosiyana, ndipo alibe mawonekedwe. Ndicho chimene tikambirana lero. Timatcha mafinya amenewa kuti 'mafinya osazolowereka' kapena omwe amadziwika kuti `(Dysplastic Nevus)`. Musadandaule, tikambirana izi mosavuta komanso m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi mawanga awa ndi chiyani? Kodi kusiyana pakati pa mawanga abwinobwino ndi mawanga osazolowereka ndi kotani?

Chabwino, choyamba tiyeni tiwone chomwe mole ndi. Pali mtundu wapadera wa selo womwe umapatsa khungu lathu mtundu, amatchedwa melanocytes . Mamole amapangidwa pamene ma melanocytes awa asonkhana pamalo amodzi. M'mawu azachipatala, mole amatchedwa nevus . Pakakhala mamole ambiri, amatchedwa nevi .

Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi madontho wamba . Ndizachilendo kuti munthu wamkulu wokhala ndi khungu loyera akhale ndi madontho pafupifupi 40. Madontho wamba awa ndi madontho osazolowereka omwe tikukamba lero nthawi zambiri amayamba kuwonekera ali mwana komanso ali wachinyamata.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone chomwe dysplastic nevus ndi, kapena mole yosadziwika bwino . Mwachidule, ndi mole yomwe imawoneka yosiyana ndi mole wamba. Ikhoza kukhala ndi m'mbali zosasinthasintha, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo ingawoneke yayikulu kuposa moles ena.

Mawu akuti 'dysplastic' amatanthauza kuti pali maselo osazolowereka mu minofu. Izi zimatchedwanso dysplasia . Koma musadandaule , maselo osazolowereka awa si khansa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi abwino ( osakhala khansa). Komabe, nthawi zina amatha kukhala khansa. Ndicho chifukwa chake muyenera kuda nkhawa ndi izi.

Kodi malo osazolowereka amenewa ndi ofala bwanji? Kodi palidi chiopsezo chotenga khansa?

Mawanga osazolowereka awa ndi ofala kwambiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Malinga ndi akatswiri, munthu m'modzi mwa khumi aliwonse aku America ali ndi malo osazolowereka amodzi. Chifukwa chake, vutoli limatha kuwoneka ku Sri Lanka mokulirapo kapena pang'ono.

Tsopano funso lofunika kwambiri ndi ili: Kodi `(Dysplastic Nevus)` iyi imayambitsa khansa ya pakhungu?

Kunena zoona, inde, pali chiopsezo. Ngati muli ndi mitundu iyi ya mawanga osazolowereka, chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya pakhungu yoopsa yotchedwa melanoma ndi chachikulu kuposa cha munthu wamba. Mawanga osazolowereka omwe muli nawo, chiopsezo chanu chotenga khansa iyi chimawonjezeka. Tangoganizirani, munthu amene ali ndi mawanga osazolowereka 10 kapena kuposerapo ali ndi mwayi wopeza khansa ya melanoma nthawi khumi ndi ziwiri.

Koma pali china chake. Si aliyense amene ali ndi mawanga achilendo amene adzayamba kudwala ``(Melanoma)''. Kumbukiraninso zimenezo. Choncho musadandaule mopanda chifukwa.

Akatswiri amanena kuti pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anayi aliwonse omwe ali ndi melanoma amayamba ndi dysplastic nevus yomwe inalipo kale, mole yosadziwika bwino.

Kodi mayina ena a `(Dysplastic Nevus)` iyi ndi ati?

Dokotala wanu akamalankhula za `(Dysplastic Nevus)` iyi, mungagwiritsenso ntchito mawu awa:

• Mole wosazolowereka
• Nevi wa Clark
• Congenital nevus (iyi ndi mtundu wa birthmark)
• Spitz nevus

N’chifukwa chiyani malo achilendo amenewa amawonekera?

Akatswiri sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli, koma amakhulupirira kuti ndi kuphatikiza kwa majini (kutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali nalo, inunso mungakhale nalo) ndi zinthu zachilengedwe (makamaka kukhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet (UV) kuchokera ku dzuwa) .

Kodi njira zomwe kuwala kwa ultraviolet kumeneku kumachokera ndi ziti?

Tonse tikudziwa kuti dzuwa ndiye gwero lalikulu lachilengedwe la kuwala kwa `(UV)`. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwala kwa `(UV)` kumapangidwa ndi:

• Ma nyali ena a halogen, incandescent, ndi fluorescent, komanso kuwala kwa laser.
• Kuwala kwa nthunzi ya mercury kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo akuluakulu monga mabwalo amasewera ndi malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Malo opaka utoto ndi nyali za dzuwa. Muyenera kupewa izi.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga malo osazolowereka awa?

Ndipotu, aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi mawanga osazolowereka awa, mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu, jenda, kapena mtundu wa khungu. Kukhala ndi khungu lakuda sikukutetezani kwathunthu ku mawanga awa kapena khansa ya pakhungu. Koma chiopsezocho chikhoza kuchepetsedwa pang'ono.

Anthu omwe ali ndi makhalidwe awa ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi mawanga osadziwika bwino:

• Khungu lokongola kwambiri, madontho, ndi maso ndi tsitsi lowala.
• Ngati wina m'banjamo ali ndi ziphuphu zachilendo, khansa ya pakhungu, kapena melanoma.
• Ngati muli ndi mbiri yokhudza kupsa kwambiri ndi dzuwa komanso kupsa ndi dzuwa, kapena ngati simungathe kupsa ndi dzuwa (kutanthauza kuti khungu lanu limasanduka lofiira koma osati lakuda mukalipsa ndi dzuwa).
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la kuwala kwa dzuwa (photosensitivity) ku kuwala kwa UV.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji malo achilendo awa? Kodi makhalidwe ake ndi otani?

Mole wosazolowereka (Dysplastic Nevus) ukhoza kukhala ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi. Kuti tikuthandizeni kukumbukira izi, pali lamulo lotchedwa lamulo la ABCDE . Tiyeni timvetse bwino mu Chisinhala:

• A - Kapangidwe kosagwirizana: Ngati mole yagawika pakati, ndi chinthu chosazolowereka ngati sichili chofanana mbali zonse ziwiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mbali imodzi ndi yosiyana ndi inayo. Mole wamba nthawi zambiri amakhala wofanana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi wozungulira kapena wozungulira.
• B - Malire osasinthasintha: Ngati m'mbali mwa mole simukumveka bwino, osawoneka bwino, kapena osasunthika, osongoka, ngati gombe pamapu, chimenecho ndi chizindikiro choti muyang'ane. M'mbali mwa moles wamba nthawi zambiri mumakhala osalala komanso omveka bwino.
• C - Mitundu:Komanso zimakhala zokayikitsa ngati mole si mtundu umodzi, koma ili ndi mitundu imodzi kapena ingapo yosakanikirana, monga pinki, yofiira, yofiirira, yakuda, kapena yakuda. Nthawi zina imatha kuoneka ngati mtundu wabuluu. Mole wamba nthawi zambiri amakhala mtundu umodzi wa bulauni.
• D - Kukula (Diameter): Ngati mole ndi yayikulu kuposa kukula kwa chofufutira cha pensulo (pafupifupi 1/4 inchi, kapena pafupifupi mamilimita 6), samalani ndi zimenezo. Komabe, ma mole ena osazolowereka akhoza kukhala ang'onoang'ono kuposa awa. Komanso, ma mole ena abwinobwino akhoza kukhala akuluakulu kuposa awa. Chifukwa chake, simungathe kusankha kutengera kukula kokha, muyenera kuyang'ana pamodzi ndi makhalidwe ena.
• E - Kusintha: Ngati kukula, mawonekedwe, kapena mtundu wa mole usintha pakapita nthawi, kapena ngati mole ikutuluka magazi, kuyabwa, kupweteka, kapena kusintha kwa pamwamba (mwachitsanzo, mole yosalala imakhala yolimba), chimenecho ndi chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwanso.

Kuphatikiza apo, malo osayenera angakhale ndi mawonekedwe osalala, a miyala, kapena angakwezedwe pang'ono pamwamba.

Kodi malo osazolowereka awa amapezeka kuti pa thupi?

Mawanga osazolowereka awa amatha kuwoneka kulikonse pa thupi lanu, koma nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa:

• M'dera la thunthu (monga pachifuwa, m'mimba, kumbuyo)
• Ndipo malekezero a manja ndi miyendo
• Mumutu
• Khosi
• Chikopa cha m'mutu (Izi zitha kuphonya chifukwa zili kumbuyo kwa tsitsi, choncho gwiritsani ntchito galasi kapena funsani wina kuti aziyang'ane.)

Ndi mavuto ena ati omwe angachitike chifukwa cha `(Dysplastic Nevi)` iyi?

Kuwonjezera pa chiopsezo cha melanoma, ngati muli ndi mawanga ambiri osazolowereka, muli pachiwopsezo chotenga khansa ya maso (melanoma ya maso) . Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyesedwa maso nthawi zonse.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji malo osazolowereka awa (Dysplastic Nevi)?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi mawanga osazolowereka, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala wa khungu, dokotala yemwe ndi katswiri wa matenda a khungu. Ndi omwe amatha kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda monga matenda a khungu ndi khansa ya pakhungu molondola.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kuchita mayeso monga awa:

• Kuyezetsa khungu: Kamodzi kapena kawiri pachaka, matuza anu adzayang'aniridwa ngati akusintha. Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi khansa ya khansa, mungapemphedwe kuti muyezedwe miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse.
• Dermoscopy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera chokulitsa chomwe chimatchedwa dermatoscope kuti muwone zolakwika mu mole zomwe sizikuwoneka ndi maso. Zili ngati kuyang'ana mole kudzera mu maikulosikopu. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wowona bwino mawonekedwe ndi mitundu ya mole.
• Mapu a mamole:Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito kamera yapadera (yomwe ilinso ndi lenzi yowunikira khungu) kuti ipange mapu apakompyuta a khungu lanu ndi zilema. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyerekeza kusintha kwa zilema pakapita nthawi. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zilema zambiri.

Kodi mungazindikire kusintha kwachilendo m'malo obisika?

Mungathe kuchitadi zimenezo! Ndikofunikira kudziyesa khungu nthawi zonse. Ngati muli ndi mawanga osazolowereka kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingakuchititseni khansa ya pakhungu, madokotala akulangizani kuti muziyang'ana khungu lanu kamodzi pamwezi . Muthanso kujambula zithunzi ndi kuzisunga kuti muwone kusintha kulikonse mwezi ndi mwezi.

Mukayang'ana malo, kumbukirani lamulo la ABCDE lomwe tidalankhula kale.

• A (Yosafanana): Kodi mawonekedwe ake ndi osafanana?
• B (Malire): Kodi m'mbali mwake simuli bwino kapena simuli bwino?
• C (Mtundu): Kodi mitundu yoposa umodzi yasakanikirana?
• D (Diameter): Kodi kukula kwake ndi kwakukulu kuposa chofufutira pensulo (kuposa 6 mm)?
• E (Kusintha): Kodi malowo akukulirakulira, akusintha mawonekedwe, kapena akusintha mtundu pakapita nthawi? Kodi pali kuyabwa, kutuluka magazi, kapena kupweteka?

Ngati muwona china chake chachilendo, musaganize kuti, "Izi ndi zangozi chabe," ndipo pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ngakhale zitakhala zazing'ono, nthawi zonse ndibwino kupita kuchipatala kukayezetsa.

Kodi mumatani ndi malo osazolowereka awa?

Kawirikawiri, chipolopolo chosazolowereka sichifuna chithandizo chapadera, pokhapokha ngati biopsy ya pakhungu (kuyesa komwe kumatenga chidutswa cha khungu) ikutsimikizira kuti ndi khansa kapena ili ndi kusintha kwa khansa isanachitike. Ngati dokotala wanu akunena kuti biopsy ndi atypical melanocytic hyperplasia kapena dysplastic yochepa kapena yoopsa kwambiri , izi zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo cha khansa ndi chachikulu. Pankhaniyi, dokotala wanu adzachiza chipolopolocho ndi opaleshoni ina.

Chithandizo cha matuza osazolowereka ndi kuchotsa moŵa ndi khungu laling'ono labwino lozungulira. Ngati biopsy ikutsimikizira kuti moŵa wosazolowerekawo ndi khansa (melanoma), dokotala wanu angachite opaleshoni yaikulu, kapena angagwiritse ntchito njira yotchedwa opaleshoni ya Mohs . Njirayi imasunga minofu yambiri yathanzi momwe angathere.

Kodi ndingapewe kuoneka kwa mawanga osazolowereka? Kodi ndingadziteteze bwanji ku dzuwa?

Ngakhale kukhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosazolowereka kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya melanoma, kungochotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosazolowereka sikuchepetsa chiopsezochi.

Palibe chomwe mungachite kuti mupewe kuoneka kwa mawanga osazolowereka, chifukwa palinso chifukwa cha majini. Koma ngati muli nawo, ndikofunikira kuteteza khungu lanu ku dzuwa. Komanso, musagwiritse ntchito mipanda yopaka utoto.

Chitani zinthu izi kuti muteteze khungu lanu ku dzuwa:

• Chepetsani kutuluka nthawi yomwe anthu ambiri amagwira ntchito (nthawi zambiri kuyambira 10 koloko m'mawa mpaka 4 koloko madzulo) momwe mungathere.
• Ngati mutuluka panja, valani chipewa chachikulu, zovala zazitali, ndi magalasi a dzuwa.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwagwiritsa ntchito mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa okhala ndi SPF ya 30 kapena kuposerapo . Pakani mphindi 15-30 musanatuluke panja. Pakaninso maola awiri aliwonse ngati mwatuluka thukuta, mwanyowa, kapena mwapsa ndi dzuwa.
• Pewani kuyika makanda (osakwana miyezi 6) padzuwa momwe mungathere.

Kodi thanzi la munthu amene ali ndi `(Dysplastic Nevus)` lili bwanji?

Anthu ambiri ali ndi mawanga osazolowereka (ndipo ngakhale mawanga abwinobwino) koma satenga khansa ya pakhungu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana khungu lanu nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati pali kusintha kulikonse kosazolowereka. Kuzindikira msanga ndi kuchiza matenda monga melanoma kungapulumutse miyoyo. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa osati kuchita mantha.

Kodi 'Atypical Mole Syndrome' ndi chiyani?

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la atypical mole syndrome amakhala ndi ma mollus ambiri ndipo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga melanoma. Ngakhale kuti ma mollus ambiriwa ndi abwinobwino, ena ndi osazolowereka. Ma mollus ena amatha kukhala akuluakulu kuposa theka la inchi (pafupifupi 8 mm).

Matenda ena amatchedwa Familyal Atypical Multiple Mole Melanoma (FAMMM syndrome) . Izi zimakhudza anthu a m'banja limodzi. Kusintha kwa majini komwe kumatengera cholowa kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi mamolekyu achilendo komanso melanoma. Anthu omwe ali ndi FAMMM syndrome ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wopeza melanoma nthawi 25.

Pomaliza, izi ndi zomwe ndiyenera kukuuzani (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Anthu ambiri ali ndi mafinya osazolowereka, koma samakhala ndi melanoma. Koma ngati muli ndi mafinya osazolowereka, otchedwa dysplastic nevi, khalani ndi chizolowezi chodziyesa khungu lanu nthawi zonse (kudziyesa khungu). Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kuwona kusintha kulikonse mwachangu. Dokotala wanu angakuphunzitseni momwe mungadziyesere nokha ndikukuuzani kusintha komwe muyenera kusamala. Angakuuzeninso kuti mubwere kudzayezetsa nthawi zonse, ndikuyesedwa maso anu. Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse pakhungu lanu, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kuzindikira msanga ndikofunikira. Musachite mantha, ndi bwino kukhala odziwa. Samalani khungu lanu, khalani athanzi!

Mafinya , Mafinya Osazolowereka, Dysplastic Nevus, Khansa ya Pakhungu, Melanoma, Thanzi la Pakhungu, Kuwala kwa Dzuwa