Mafuta a Thupi (Mafuta): Zabwino, Zoipa, ndi Zimene Tiyenera Kudziwa

Kodi mudawonapo mawu ngati Cholesterol ndi Triglycerides mukamawona lipoti la magazi? Mwina dokotala wanu wakuuzani kuti, "Cholesterol yanu yakwera pang'ono, samalani." Tonsefe timachita mantha pang'ono ndi liwu loti 'cholesterol', sichoncho? Koma kodi mafuta awa, kapena monga momwe timawatchulira nthawi zambiri, ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Kodi ndi oipa kwa matupi athu okha? Kapena pali ena abwino? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero kuti tiyankhe mafunso onse omwe muli nawo m'maganizo.

Mwachidule, kodi mafuta awa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mafuta ndi gulu la mankhwala m'thupi lathu omwe ali ndi chibadwa cha mafuta kapena sera. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti samasungunuka m'madzi. Tangoganizirani ngati mutayika mafuta a kokonati mu kapu yamadzi, angayandama pamwamba, koma sangasakanizike ndi madzi, eti? Umu ndi momwe mafuta amapezeka m'magazi athu.

Ma lipid awa ndi ofunikira pa ntchito zambiri zofunika m'thupi lathu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mafuta si 'oipa' chabe. Koma monga china chilichonse, mavuto amayamba akakhala ambiri.

Mitundu ya mafuta omwe timamva nthawi zambiri ndi nkhani zawo

Tikamalankhula za mafuta m'thupi, ndikofunikira kudziwa za anthu ochepa ofunikira. Mwina munamvapo mayina awa kale.

1. Cholesterol: Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zodziwika bwino za m'banja la mafuta. Cholesterol ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti thupi lathu lizitha kuyamwa mafuta ndi mavitamini komanso kupanga mahomoni.

2. Ma triglycerides: Izi ndi njira yayikulu yosungira mphamvu m'thupi lathu. Ma calories owonjezera omwe timapeza kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe timadya amasinthidwa kukhala ma triglycerides ndi thupi ndikusungidwa m'maselo amafuta.

Koma pali vuto pang'ono apa. Monga ndanenera kale, cholesterol ndi triglycerides sizisungunuka m'madzi. Magazi athu nthawi zambiri amakhala madzi. Ndiye zimayenda bwanji m'magazi m'thupi lonse?

Ma lipoprotein awa ndi komwe nkhani ya cholesterol 'yabwino' ndi 'yoyipa' yomwe tidamva imachokera.

Ubwino wina wa lipids m'thupi lathu

Kuwonjezera pa vuto la cholesterol, mafuta ali ndi maubwino ena ambiri m'thupi lathu.

• Kusunga ndi mayendedwe a mphamvu: Ma triglycerides amagwira ntchito ngati malo osungira mphamvu m'thupi lathu.
• Kutumiza mauthenga ku maselo: Mahomoni a steroid ndi mtundu wa mafuta omwe amatumiza mauthenga pakati pa maselo m'thupi lathu.
• Kuthandiza kugaya chakudya: Mchere wa ndulu, womwe umapangidwa ndi chiwindi pogwiritsa ntchito cholesterol, umathandiza kugaya mafuta muzakudya zomwe timadya.
• Kuteteza maselo: Selo lililonse m'thupi lathu lili ndi chophimba chakunja. Ichi chimatchedwa nembanemba ya maselo. Ichi chimapangidwa ndi mafuta. Chili ngati chipata cha nyumba. Chophimba mafuta ichi chimatsimikizira omwe angalowe mu selo ndi omwe angatuluke.

Matenda omwe amapezeka pamene lipids imachepa

Kawirikawiri, thupi lathu limapanga kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe limafunikira. Koma nthawi zina kulinganiza kumeneku kumatayika. Kenako, matenda osiyanasiyana amatha kuchitika.

• Hyperlipidemia: Uku ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides) m'magazi.
• Hypolipidemia: Ichi ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'magazi komwe kumakhala kochepa. Ichi ndi vuto losowa kwambiri.
• Matenda a atherosclerosis: Ichi ndi zotsatira zoopsa kwambiri. LDL kapena cholesterol "yoyipa" imaunjikana m'makoma a mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yopapatiza komanso yolimba kuchokera mkati. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha "kuuma kwa mitsempha."
• Matenda a Mitsempha ya Mtima: Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima. Izi zingayambitse matenda a mtima.
• Hypertriglyceridemia: Kuwonjezeka kwa milingo ya triglyceride m'magazi.

Kodi pali zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zimasonyeza kuchuluka kwa lipid m'magazi?

Choopsa kwambiri apa ndichakuti anthu ambiri saona zizindikiro zilizonse, ngakhale cholesterol yawo m'magazi itakhala yokwera bwanji . Ichi ndichifukwa chake ena amatcha izi kuti "wakupha mwakachetechete." Zizindikiro zimangowonekera mitsempha yamagazi ikakhala yopapatiza kwambiri.

Komabe, anthu ena omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri amatha kukumana ndi zizindikiro monga: +

• Xanthelasma: Matumbo ang'onoang'ono, achikasu pakhungu lozungulira maso, makamaka mkati mwa diso.
• Xanthoma: Chotupa chomwe chimapangidwa ndi mafuta omwe amalowa pansi pa khungu m'malo ena a thupi, makamaka mozungulira mafupa a miyendo.
• Corneal Arcus: Mzere woyera kapena imvi wozungulira cornea ya diso. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri tikamakalamba, koma ngati muwona izi mwa wachinyamata, zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi.

Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi anga?

Njira yokhayo yodziwira kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi lanu ndikuchita mayeso a magazi otchedwa lipid profile . Iyi ndi mayeso osavuta kwambiri a magazi.

Komanso, pewani kutenga mayesowa mukadwala kapena mukuvutika maganizo, chifukwa zotsatira zake zingakhale zosiyana pang'ono panthawi ngati zimenezi. Uzaninso dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa.

Kodi manambala omwe ali mu lipotilo akunena chiyani?

Kawirikawiri, mfundo zomwe zili mu lipoti la Lipid Profile zimakhala motere (izi ndi mfundo zabwinobwino, ndipo dokotala wanu angasinthe zomwe mukufuna kutengera thanzi lanu):

• Cholesterol Yonse: Yochepera 200 mg/dL ndiye yabwino kwambiri.
• Cholesterol ya LDL ("yoyipa"): Yochepera 130 mg/dL ndi yabwino. Koma ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga kapena matenda a mtima, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti musayike pansi pa 100 mg/dL kapena ngakhale 70 mg/dL.
• Cholesterol ya HDL ("yabwino"): Yoposa 60 mg/dL imaonedwa kuti ndi yotetezeka. Izi zikakwera, zimakhala bwino.
• Triglycerides: Zosakwana 150 mg/dL ndi zabwino.

Zinthu zomwe tingachite kuti tiwongolere kuchuluka kwa lipids

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumatha kulamulidwa kwambiri mwa kusintha moyo wathu.

1. Kusintha kwa zakudya

• Chepetsani mafuta okhuta: Awa ndi adani akuluakulu omwe amawonjezera milingo ya LDL m'thupi lathu. Chepetsani zakudya zambiri momwe mungathere ndi mkaka wambiri wa kokonati, zakudya zamafuta, nyama yofiira (ng'ombe, nkhumba), mkaka wodzaza ndi mafuta (tchizi, batala), ndi chakudya chofulumira.
• Sankhani mafuta abwino: Mtedza monga mafuta a azitona, mafuta a canola, mapeyala, mtedza, ndi ma cashew uli ndi mafuta abwino.
• Idyani zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri: Phatikizani tirigu wambiri (mpunga wofiirira, oats, barele), ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, ndi nyemba (nandolo, nandolo, nyemba zobiriwira). Ulusi umathandiza kuchotsa cholesterol m'thupi.
• Chepetsani zakudya zokhala ndi shuga ndi ufa: Zinthu monga zakumwa zotsekemera, makeke, mabisiketi, ndi buledi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'thupi lathu.

2. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi

Mwa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga kuyenda mwachangu, kuthamanga, kukwera njinga, kapena kusambira kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku, masiku osachepera 5 pa sabata, mutha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya HDL "yabwino" ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa LDL ndi triglyceride "yoyipa".

3. Kusintha kwina kwa moyo

• Khalani ndi kulemera kwabwino: Pamene kulemera kwa thupi kukukwera, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumawonjezekanso. Kuchepetsa ngakhale pang'ono kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu.
• Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu: Kusuta kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya HDL ("yabwino") ndikuwononga mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti atherosclerosis ipitirire.
• Gonani bwino: Kugona mokwanira kwa maola 7-9 patsiku ndikofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi lonse.
• Tsatirani uphungu wa dokotala wanu: Ngati kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi lanu sikungathe kulamulidwa ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu kokha, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala. Ma statins ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Palinso mankhwala ena monga bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, ndi PCSK9 inhibitors . Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani monga momwe mwalangizidwira.