Nanga bwanji ngati vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo silinachiritsidwe? Dziwani za Eisenmenger Syndrome

Kodi mudamvapo za makanda obadwa ndi dzenje mumtima mwawo? Nthawi zambiri, ngati athandizidwa mwachangu, izi sizili vuto. Komabe, nthawi zina, ngati matendawa sachiritsidwa, amatha kukhala mavuto aakulu pakapita nthawi. Ndicho chimene timachitcha Eisenmenger Syndrome. Ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi ndi yovuta pang'ono, tidzakambirana mwachidule lero, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Mwachidule, kodi Eisenmenger syndrome ndi chiyani?

Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyeni tikumbukire momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito. Tangoganizani kuti mtima wathu uli ngati nyumba ya zipinda zinayi. Zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba ndi zipinda ziwiri zapansi. Mbali yakumanja ya mtima ili ndi magazi "odetsedwa" omwe akhala akuyenda m'thupi lonse, mpweya wochepa. Magazi awa ayenera "kuyeretsedwa" powatumiza ku mapapo kuti akamwe mpweya. Mbali yakumanzere ya mtima ili ndi magazi "oyera" omwe akhala akuyenda kuchokera m'mapapo, odzaza ndi mpweya. Magazi awa amapopedwa m'thupi lonse. Kawirikawiri, magazi sasakanikirana pakati pa mbali ziwirizi.

Tsopano, tangoganizani kuti mwabadwa ndi dzenje pakhoma pakati pa zipinda za mtima (mwachitsanzo). Kupanikizika kumbali yakumanzere kwa mtima kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kumbali yakumanja. Chifukwa chake, kumayambiriro, magazi ena okhala ndi mpweya wambiri amadutsa m'dzenje limenelo kupita kumanja ndikusakanikirana ndi magazi omwe alibe mpweya wabwino. Timatcha izi kuti shunt yochokera kumanzere kupita kumanja . Izi zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziwonjezeka mosafunikira.

Pamapeto pake, kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa mapapo kumawonjezeka kwambiri kotero kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kumbali yakumanja ya mtima kumakwera kuposa kumbali yakumanzere. Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani? Kuyenda kwa magazi kumabwerera m'mbuyo kwathunthu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti tsopano magazi "odetsedwa", omwe ali ndi mpweya wochepa, sapita ku mapapo ndikutsukidwa, koma akupita molunjika kudzera m'bowolo kupita kumanzere ndikupopedwa m'thupi lonse. Timatcha izi kuti shunt yochokera kumanja kupita kumanzere .

Kusonkhanitsa kwa zizindikiro ndi mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kupopera magazi opanda mpweya m'thupi ndi komwe timatcha Eisenmenger Syndrome .

Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chosalandira mpweya wokwanira m'thupi (hypoxemia). Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera paunyamata kapena ukalamba, koma nthawi zina zimatha kuyamba paubwana.

N’chifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika? Kodi vuto la mtima lomwe limayambitsa vutoli ndi liti?

Monga tafotokozera kale, vutoli limayamba chifukwa cha vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo lomwe silinachiritsidwe. Nazi zitsanzo zina:

• Atrial septal defect ( ASD ): Bowo lomwe lili pakhoma pakati pa zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba (atria) za mtima.
• Vuto la septal ya ventricle ( VSD ):Bowo pakhoma pakati pa zipinda ziwiri zapansi (zipinda) za mtima.
• Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): Kulumikizana kosazolowereka pakati pa aorta ndi mtsempha wa m'mapapo komwe kuyenera kutseka mwana akangobadwa.
• Chilema cha septal cha atrioventricular: Bowo lalikulu pakati pa mtima, limodzi ndi mavuto a ma valve a mtima .
• Chilema cha ventricle imodzi: Chipinda chimodzi chokha chapansi pa mtima chimagwira ntchito bwino.

Mavuto ena omwe angachitike chifukwa cha vutoli:

Matenda a Eisenmenger samangokhudza mtima ndi mapapo okha. Mpweya wochepa m'thupi ungayambitse mavuto ena ambiri.

• Erythrocytosis yachiwiri: Thupi limapanga maselo ofiira ambiri kuposa momwe limafunikira kuti lilowe m'malo mwa mpweya, zomwe zingawonjezere magazi ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana.
• Kutuluka magazi kosazolowereka: Zinthu monga kutsokomola magazi, kutuluka magazi m'mphuno, kusamba kwambiri, ndi kutuluka magazi m'kamwa.
• Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima (Arrhythmias): Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima.
• Magazi amaundana: Ngati magazi amaundanawa apita ku ubongo, matenda aakulu monga sitiroko angachitike.
• Matumbo a muubongo.
• Zala zokhala ndi zibonga.
• Kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa impso.
• Kulephera kwa mtima.
• Matenda a mtima (infective endocarditis).
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ayoni.

Chiwopsezo chachikulu panthawi ya mimba

Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Mimba kwa mayi yemwe ali ndi matenda a Eisenmenger ndi yoopsa kwambiri, ngakhale kupha . Mtima ndi kayendedwe ka magazi sizingathe kuthana ndi kupsinjika panthawi ya mimba, zomwe zingayambitse imfa kwa mayi kapena mwana, kapena onse awiri.

Kodi madokotala amapeza bwanji izi?

Dokotala wanu angakayikire izi kutengera zizindikiro zanu komanso mbiri yanu yachipatala. Adzachita mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire izi.

• Mayeso a magazi:Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a magazi ndi mavuto ena.
• Echocardiogram (Echo): Kujambula komwe kumayang'ana momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito, kapangidwe kake, ndi komwe kuli dzenje.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): Kuyang'ana momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito komanso kayimbidwe ka mtima.
• Kuyeza kwa mtima: Kuyeza kofunikira kwambiri komwe kumaphatikizapo kulowetsa chubu chaching'ono mumtima ndi m'mapapo kuti muyeze molondola kuthamanga kwa magazi komweko.
• Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi: Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chaching'ono cholumikizidwa ku chala.
• Kuyesa kupsinjika maganizo: Kuyang'anira momwe mtima ndi mpweya zimasinthira panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kodi chimachiritsidwa bwanji? Kodi ichi chingachiritsidwe?

Chofunika kumvetsetsa apa ndichakuti matenda a Eisenmenger akangoyamba, vuto loyamba la mtima (dzenje) lomwe linayambitsa vutoli silingathe kutsekedwa ndi opaleshoni . Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, mtima sudzatha kupirira kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kwakhala kale m'mapapo, ndipo mavuto aakulu kwambiri komanso imfa zimatha kuchitika.

Choncho, zolinga zazikulu za chithandizo ndikuwongolera zizindikiro, kukonza moyo wabwino, komanso kupewa zovuta.

• Mankhwala a matenda oopsa a m'mapapo (PAH): Awa ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi m'mapapo, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro monga kupuma movutikira.
• Mankhwala Opha Majeremusi: Mankhwala opha majeremusi amaperekedwa musanagwiritse ntchito njira zina zachipatala, monga kuchotsa dzino, kuti apewe kufalikira kwa matenda mumtima.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi motsogozedwa ndi dokotala: Izi zingakuthandizeni kupuma bwino komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu. Musachite masewera olimbitsa thupi nokha popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu.
• Mapiritsi kapena jakisoni wa chitsulo: Kuchiza kusowa kwa chitsulo ngati chachitika.
• Mpweya wowonjezera: Izi zimalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala ena osankhidwa kuti awonjezere kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi.
• Mankhwala ochepetsa magazi: Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri komanso pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani upangiri.
• Kusamutsa mtima kapena mtima ndi mapapo: Njira yoti odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lotha msinkhu omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala.

Kodi ndiyenera kudzisamalira bwanji?

Pamene mukukhala ndi vutoli, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kuchita.

• Pewani kusuta fodya konse. Izi zipangitsa kuti vutoli liipireipire.
• Imwani madzi ambiri kuti musataye madzi m'thupi.
• Idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi.
• Pezani katemera wofunikira pa nthawi yake kuti muteteze ku matenda.
• Kuthana ndi nkhawa chifukwa chokhala ndi matenda a nthawi yayitali chonchiPezani uphungu .

Mudzakhala pansi pa utsogoleri wa dokotala wa mtima ndi wa mapapo kwa moyo wanu wonse, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo awo molondola.