Kodi pali vuto lililonse m'khutu mwanu? Likhoza kukhala vuto ndi Eustachian Tube yanu! (Kulephera kwa Eustachian Tube)

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati chinachake chatsekedwa m'makutu mwanu, kapena makutu anu akumva kulemera, kapena mumamva phokoso la kulira m'makutu mwanu? Mwina mukakwera phiri, kapena mukakwera ndege, makutu anu amamva ngati "achotsedwa." Izi si zinthu zosayembekezereka chabe. Mwina chifukwa cha izi ndi vuto linalake ndi chubu chanu cha Eustachian. Kodi tikambirane izi mwatsatanetsatane lero, ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzanu?

Kodi chubu cha Eustachian n'chiyani? Kodi chimatha bwanji kusagwira ntchito bwino?

Chabwino, choyamba tiyeni tiwone chomwe chubu cha Eustachian chili. Mwachidule, chili ngati chubu chaching'ono. Tonsefe tili ndi chubu ichi m'makutu onse awiri. Chubu ichi chimalumikiza khutu lathu lapakati (gawo lomwe lili mkati mwa khutu) ndi kumbuyo kwa pakhosi. Taganizirani izi, mukakwera phiri kapena kuwuluka mundege, mumamva kupsinjika m'makutu mwanu kukusintha. Panthawiyo, chubu cha Eustachian ichi chimathandiza kuti kupsinjika mkati mwa makutu athu ndi kupsinjika kwa mpweya kunja kwa khutu zikhale zofanana. Sikuti zokhazo, chubu chaching'ono ichi chimathandizanso kutulutsa madzi osafunikira ndi ntchofu zomwe nthawi zina zimasonkhana m'khutu lapakati.

Tsopano, kusokonekera kwa chubu cha Eustachian, kapena monga momwe timachitcha azachipatala , Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD) , ndi pamene machubu awa sakutsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa bwino. Ndiye chimachitika ndi chiyani? Machubu awa amatha kutsekeka, ngati chitoliro chamadzi chotsekedwa. Pamenepo ndi pomwe mavuto a khutu omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa amayamba kuchitika. Ngakhale vutoli likhoza kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, limapezeka kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono . Chifukwa machubu awo a Eustachian ndi afupiafupi ndipo ali ndi ngodya yosiyana. Mwa akuluakulu, pafupifupi 1% ya anthu akuti ali ndi ETD.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya matenda a Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) ndi iti?

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ETD, iliyonse ili ndi kusiyana pang'ono.

• Kulephera kwa Matupi a Eustachian: Apa ndi pamene chubu chanu cha Eustachian chimakhala chotseguka nthawi zonse . Chimakhala ngati chitseko chomwe chimakhala chotseguka nthawi zonse. Izi zimapangitsa kuti phokoso liziyenda kuchokera m'misewu yanu ya mphuno kupita kumakutu anu, ndipo mawu anu angamveke mosiyana. Zingamveke ngati mukumva mawu anu akumveka m'makutu mwanu mukamalankhula (autophony), kapena mungamve phokoso la kupuma kwanu m'makutu mwanu.
• Kulephera kwa Tube ya Eustachian Yotsekereza: Apa ndi pamene chubu cha Eustachian sichikutseguka bwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, sichikutseguka nthawi yomwe chiyenera kutsegulidwa. Izi zingayambitse madzimadzi kusonkhana pakati pa khutu, zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwa khutu, kupanikizika, kapena kumva kulemera. Anthu ambiri ali ndi mtundu uwu wa ETD.
• Kulephera kwa Eustachian Tube chifukwa cha Baro-challenge:Pankhaniyi, chubu cha Eustachian sichimatseguka bwino. Komabe, kupweteka kwa khutu ndi kupanikizika kumachitika pokhapokha mukapita pamalo okwera (monga kukwera phiri), kuuluka mundege, kapena kusintha kwa kutalika kapena kuthamanga kwa mpweya , monga mukamadumphira m'madzi. Nthawi zina, mungakhale bwino.

Kodi inunso muli ndi zizindikiro izi? (Zizindikiro za ETD)

Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha ETD ndi kutaya pang'ono kumva, kumva ngati uli pansi pa madzi, kapena kumva kutsekeka m'khutu . Kuonjezera pa izi, pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zina zingapo. Onani ngati izi zikumveka zachilendo kwa inu:

• Kumva kukhuta ndi kulemera m'makutu.
• Kumva phokoso la 'kudina' kapena 'kutuluka' m'khutu (makamaka mukameza chinthu kapena kutsegula pakamwa).
• Kumva chizungulire kapena kusakhazikika bwino (Chizungulire, Vertigo).
• Kupweteka kwa khutu - Nthawi zina ululu ukhoza kukhala woopsa.
• Tinnitus ndi phokoso losalekeza m'makutu, lofanana ndi phokoso lolira.
• Nthawi zina kutayika kwa kumva kumakhala kwakukulu.

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi kapena zingapo, ndi bwino kuda nkhawa.

Nchifukwa chiyani mavuto a chubu cha Eustachian (ETD) amachitika? (Zoyambitsa)

Kawirikawiri, chomwe chimayambitsa mavuto ndi chubu cha Eustachian ndi kutupa (kutupa) mu chubu. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa uku:

• Matenda a ziwengo: Anthu ena ali ndi vuto la ziwengo chifukwa cha zinthu monga fumbi, mungu, ndi zakudya zina. Izi zingayambitse kutsekeka kwa mphuno ndi kutupa kwa machubu a Eustachian.
• Matenda a chronic acid reflux (GERD) omwe amayamba chifukwa cha gastritis yosatha: Pa vutoli, asidi m'mimba amatha kubwerera m'mbuyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kutupa ndi kupweteka kuzungulira mabowo a chubu cha Eustachian.
• Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga chimfine ndi fuluwenza.
• Fuluwenza ndi matenda ena opumira.
• Matenda a sinus (Sinusitis).

Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikiro za chubu cha Eustachian zimathanso kuwonjezeka mukakhala pa ndege, m'dera lamapiri, kapena mukamasambira. Izi zimatchedwa barotrauma . Tangoganizirani, mukakwera mmwamba mwadzidzidzi, makutu anu amamva ngati 'akutha' chifukwa cha izi. Komanso, anthu omwe ali ndi septum yopotoka, ma polyps a m'mphuno, komanso matenda obadwa nawo monga cleft palate ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mavuto a chubu cha Eustachian. Osuta nawonso ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani ngati izi zinyalanyazidwa? (Zovuta za ETD)

Nthawi zambiri, izi sizowopsa. Komabe, nthawi zina, ngati sizikuchiritsidwa, mavuto a chubu cha Eustachian angayambitse matenda aakulu. Mwachitsanzo, kudzikundikira kwa madzi m'khutu lapakati , zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda a khutu lapakati (otitis media).Zingayambitsenso kutayika kwa kumva kosatha, kubooka kwa ntchafu ya khutu kapena kubweza, komanso kuwonongeka kwa mafupa a khutu lapakati. Nthawi zina, vuto lotchedwa cholesteatoma , lomwe ndi kukula kosazolowereka kwa maselo a khungu mkati mwa khutu, limatha kuchitika. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwona dokotala ngati zizindikiro zanu zapitirira milungu iwiri.

Kumbukirani: Ngakhale zitakhala ngati zazing'ono, si bwino kunyalanyaza mavuto a khutu. Kulandira chithandizo pa nthawi yake kungalepheretse mavuto akuluakulu.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi? (Kuzindikira)

Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, choyamba adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Kodi mwakhala ndi mavutowa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji, amakula liti, komanso ngati muli ndi matenda ena aliwonse. Kenako adzakuyesani thupi. Adzayesa makutu anu, makutu anu, mphuno yanu, ndi kumbuyo kwa pakhosi panu ndi chida chapadera chotchedwa otoscope.

Nthawi zina, mayeso ena monga awa amatha kuchitidwa kuti atsimikizire:

• Tympanometry: Iyi ndi njira yoyesera yopanda ululu yomwe imayesa momwe khutu lanu lapakati likugwira ntchito, momwe ntchafu yanu ya khutu ikugwirira ntchito, komanso ngati pali madzi m'khutu lanu lapakati. Izi zimachitika poika mphamvu pang'ono pa khutu lanu.
• Mayeso a kumva / Audiometry: Mayeso awa amatha kudziwa molondola ngati muli ndi vuto la kumva, ngati ndi choncho, mtundu wake, komanso mpaka pati.
• Mungathenso kuchitidwa endoscopy ya m'mphuno kuti muone mphuno ndi pakhosi panu. Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa chubu chokhala ndi kamera kakang'ono kudzera mu mphuno yanu kuti muyang'ane mkati.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi ati? (ETD Treatment)

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti milandu yambiri ya ETD imatha popanda chithandizo chapadera, mkati mwa masiku ochepa kapena sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri . Choncho mankhwala safunika nthawi zonse. Komabe, ngati zizindikiro zanu zimatenga nthawi yoposa milungu iwiri, kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu ndi zazikulu, ndiye kuti chithandizo chingakhale chofunikira.

Mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mungalandire chidzadalira chomwe chayambitsa vutoli (monga chifuwa kapena matenda), kuopsa kwa vutoli, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

Mankhwala Othandizira Pakhomo

Nthawi zina, ngati ndi vuto laling'ono, mutha kupeza mpumulo ndi zinthu zosavuta zomwe mungachite kunyumba, monga:

• Kutafuna chingamu.
• Kuyasamula.
• Kumeza pafupipafupi.
• Yesani njira ya Valsalva . Izi zikuphatikizapo kutseka pakamwa panu, kukanikiza mphuno yanu ndi dzanja lanu, ndikuyesera kutulutsa mpweya wanu. Zili ngati kuyesa kuchotsa mphuno yanu yotsekeka. Koma musachite izi ngati muli ndi chimfine chachikulu kapena mphuno yanu ikutuluka madzi, chifukwa izi zingayambitse matenda kufalikira mpaka pakati pa khutu lanu. Ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala musanachite izi.
• Mankhwala otsukira mphuno a saline, omwe amapezeka ku pharmacy, angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochotsa njira zamphuno.Kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi. Izi zichepetsa kuuma m'mphuno ndikuthandizira kuchotsa mamina ndi zina.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera (monga Otovent®) kuti chithandize "kutulutsa" makutu. Izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mutakambirana ndi dokotala.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu ali ndi vutoli, mupatseni mankhwala oletsa kuyamwa kapena botolo. Kuyamwa kungathandize kuchepetsa kutsamwa.

Mankhwala

Ngati mavuto anu a chubu cha Eustachian amayamba chifukwa cha ziwengo, mankhwala ena ogulitsidwa kunja kwa chipatala (OTC) angathandize. Mwachitsanzo:

• Mitundu ya mankhwala oletsa antihistamine (monga `cetirizine`, `loratadine`, `diphenhydramine`).
• Ma spray a steroid a m'mphuno (monga fluticasone (Flonase®), mometasone (Nasonex®). Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino motsogozedwa ndi dokotala.
• Ngati pali ululu, tengani mankhwala ochepetsa ululu (monga acetaminophen kapena ibuprofen).

Komabe, ngati ETD imayamba chifukwa cha matenda a bakiteriya (monga matenda a khutu lapakati), dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda . Angakulembeninso mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga mapiritsi kapena ma spray kuti achepetse kutupa.

Ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa kutsekeka kwa mphuno (monga pseudoephedrine (Sudafed®) kapena phenylephrine). Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa kutsekeka kwa mphuno kwakanthawi, nthawi zina amatha kukulitsa ETD, kapena kuyambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mwina opaleshoni ikufunika? (Opaleshoni)

Matenda a ETD omwe amapitilira kwa miyezi ingapo ndipo sakuchira ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala apakhomo angafunike opaleshoni. Cholinga cha chithandizochi ndikuletsa mpweya kulowa m'khutu lapakati kudzera mu chubu cha Eustachian, kuthetsa mavuto opuma, ndikuchotsa madzi. Izi zingathandize kuthetsa mavuto akumva ndi zizindikiro zina. Njira zochitira opaleshoni ya ETD zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuchotsa mano m'khutu: Izi zimaphatikizapo dokotala wa opaleshoni amene akudula pang'ono ntchafu yanu ya khutu ndikuchotsa madzi m'khutu lapakati (kuchotsa mano). Kwa akuluakulu, kudula kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumasiyidwa kotseguka mpaka kutupa kwa machubu a Eustachian kutsika.
• Machubu a m'makutu / Ma Grommets / Machubu opumira mpweya: Nthawi zina, madokotala opaleshoni amaika machubu ang'onoang'ono (machubu a m'makutu) m'mabala awa nthawi yomweyo ndi myringotomy. Machubu awa amapereka mpweya wokwanira ku khutu lapakati ndipo amaletsa madzi kuti asasonkhanitsidwe kwa miyezi 6 mpaka chaka chimodzi, kapena kupitirira apo. Nthawi zambiri, machubu awa amatuluka okha pakapita nthawi, ndipo ntchafu ya khutu imachira.
• Eustachian tuboplasty (kapena Eustachian tube balloon dilation): Iyi ndi njira yatsopano. Ikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito balloon kuti ikule chubu chanu cha Eustachian chotsekedwa. Dokotala wa opaleshoni amaika endoscope ( chubu chokhala ndi kamera kakang'ono) kudzera mu mphuno mwanu, ndipo pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera, amaika balloon m'njira zanu zamphuno kupita mu chubu chanu cha Eustachian. Kenako balloon imadzazidwa ndi mpweya kwa mphindi ziwiri, kenako imatulukanso ndikuchotsedwa. Izi zimatsegula chubucho kuchokera mkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino.

Kodi ndidzachira msanga bwanji nditalandira chithandizo?

Zimatengera mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mumalandira. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga milungu itatu kapena inayi kuti achire bwino kuchokera ku myringotomy. Anthu omwe adachitidwa opaleshoni ya eustachian tuboplasty nthawi zambiri amapeza mpumulo waukulu ku zizindikiro zawo mkati mwa nthawi yochepa, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi maola 24.

Ngati muli ndi machubu a makutu omwe amaikidwa pa ETD, nthawi zambiri amakhala mkati mwa miyezi 6 mpaka 18. Pambuyo pake, amagwa okha.

Kodi palibe njira yopewera vutoli kotheratu? (Kupewa)

Sizingatheke kupewa matenda a ETD kotheratu, chifukwa zifukwa zina (monga chimfine) zimativuta kuziletsa. Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu. Mwachitsanzo:

• Valani zotchingira makutu zosefedwa kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa makutu anu (makutu a ndege) mukakhala mundege. Komanso, tafunani chingamu, imwani madzi, ndikutambasula miyendo yanu mukamakwera ndi kutsika mundege.
• Pewani malo ozizira kwambiri kapena otentha kwambiri momwe mungathere, chifukwa izi zingapangitse kuti mavuto a kudya achuluke.
• Imwani madzi ambiri tsiku lonse kuti muchepetse mphuno ndi pakhosi panu.
• Ngati muli ndi ziwengo, funsani dokotala kuti akuthandizeni kuzithetsa. Pewani zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo momwe mungathere.
• Ngati mumasuta fodya, pewani kusuta fodya ndipo pewani kupuma utsi wa ndudu za anthu ena.

Kodi izi ndizoopsa? Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani kenako? (Outlook)

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti matenda a ETD nthawi zambiri si oopsa ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha okha . Komabe, zizindikiro zomwe zimayenderana nawo zimatha kukhala zovutitsa kwambiri ndipo zingasokoneze zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa chake, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za momwe mungathanirane ndi vutoli.

Mavuto a chubu cha Eustachian nthawi zambiri amatha pakatha sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi ETD yosatha akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro kwa milungu, miyezi, kapena zaka. Awa ndi anthu omwe amafunikira chithandizo chapadera.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi ululu waukulu chifukwa cha vuto la chubu cha Eustachian, ngati muli ndi madzi kapena mafinya akutuluka m'khutu mwanu, ngati muli ndi malungo, kapena ngati muli ndi zizindikiroNgati patha milungu yoposa iwiri ndipo chithandizo cha kunyumba sichikuthandiza, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala kuti akupatseni upangiri. Ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala mwamsanga, makamaka ngati mwana wamng'ono ali ndi zizindikiro izi.

Mafunso ofunikira oti mufunse dokotala wanu

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto la chubu cha Eustachian (ETD), zingakhale zothandiza kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe ndinakhalira ndi vuto la ETD ndi chiyani?
• Kodi pali zina zomwe ndingachite kunyumba pa izi?
• Kodi ndingachite chiyani kuti ndichepetse chiopsezo changa chotenga matenda a ETD?
• Kodi ndifunika mankhwala opha maantibayotiki kapena mankhwala ena olembedwa ndi dokotala? Ngati ndi choncho, ndiyenera kumwa mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Kodi ndingatani kuti ndichepetse kusasangalala kumeneku ndikukhala womasuka pang'ono?
• Kodi vutoli lingabwerenso? Kodi tiyenera kuchita chiyani kuti tipewe vutoli?
• Kodi ndifunika opaleshoni?

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Matenda a Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD) nthawi zambiri si owopsa . Nthawi zambiri amatha okha . Komabe, ngati sanachiritsidwe, nthawi zina angayambitse mavuto aakulu monga kutayika kwa kumva, kulira m'makutu (tinnitus), matenda apakati pa khutu, kapena kuwonongeka kosatha kwa ntchafu ya khutu ndi khutu lapakati. Chifukwa chake, ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha patatha sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri, kapena ngati zili zazikulu, muyenera kuwona dokotala . Iye akhoza kuzindikira chomwe chayambitsa vuto lanu ndikukupatsani chithandizo choyenera kwambiri kwa inu. Ndi udindo wanu kusamalira makutu anu!

Chubu cha Eustachian , ETD, kupweteka kwa khutu, kutaya kumva, tinnitus, khutu lapakati, nthabwala ya khutu