Kodi mukudziwa za khansa ya m'chubu cha Fallopian? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati m'mimba mwanu mwadzaza, kapena nthawi zambiri mumamva kupweteka pang'ono m'mimba mwanu? Mungaganize kuti ndi zachilendo, kapena mwina ndi vuto la m'mimba. Koma zizindikiro zazing'ono izi, makamaka akazi, siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Lero tikambirana za mtundu wa khansa womwe anthu ambiri sanamvepo, koma ndi wofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi la akazi. Imeneyo ndi khansa ya m'chubu cha mazira.

Mwachidule, kodi khansa ya Fallopian Tube ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, tiyeni tiyambe pachiyambi. Ma Fallopian Tubes ndi machubu awiri opyapyala kwambiri omwe amanyamula mazira kuchokera ku mazira athu kupita ku chiberekero. Mwachidule, ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la njira yomwe dzira limakumana ndi umuna kuti apange mwana. Chifukwa chake khansa iyi imayamba m'maselo omwe ali mkati mwa machubu awa.

Nthawi zambiri, khansa iyi imayamba m'minofu yomwe ili m'machubu a fallopian. M'mawu azachipatala, timaitcha minofu ya epithelial. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, momwe khansa iyi imachitira, momwe imafalikira, ndi momwe timachitira ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi khansa ya ovarian. Ndicho chifukwa chake madokotala amachiritsa ndi kusamalira khansa zonse ziwiri mofanana.

Vuto lalikulu ndi khansa iyi ndilakuti siionetsa zizindikiro kumayambiriro ndipo imafalikira mofulumira kwambiri . Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti ngati yapezeka bwino kumayambiriro ndipo maselo a khansa amatha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kudzera mu opaleshoni, ndi matenda ochiritsika kwathunthu . Koma pofika nthawi yomwe yapezeka, khansayo yafalikira kale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchiza.

Kodi khansa imeneyi ndi yofala bwanji?

Kwa nthawi yayitali, madokotala ankaganiza kuti khansa ya m'chubu cha mazira ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa khansa ya amayi. Pafupifupi 1% yokha ya khansa zonse za akazi zimayambira m'maselo a m'chubu cha mazira.

Koma kafukufuku watsopano wapeza kuti mitundu yambiri ya khansa yomwe nthawi zambiri timaitcha khansa ya ovarian, yotchedwa khansa ya epithelial ovarian, imayambira m'machubu a fallopian. Makamaka, imayambira mu fimbriae, kumapeto komwe dzira limalowa mu chubu cha fallopian kuchokera mu ovary. Kenako imafalikira pamwamba pa ovary ndi mbali zina za pelvis ndi mimba.

Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe tiyenera kuziyang'anira?

Vuto lalikulu la khansa iyi ndilakuti zizindikiro zake zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira pachiyambi ndipo nthawi zambiri timazinyalanyaza, poganiza kuti ndi zachilendo. Simungazindikire kusintha kulikonse kwakukulu mpaka khansayo itafalikira m'mimba. Koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tidziwe zizindikirozi.

Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro izi mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.

Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi mbiri ya khansa, kapena ngati muli ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingakuike pachiwopsezo, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala ngakhale mutawona kusintha pang'ono ngati kumeneku.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa khansa iyi komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa?

Ofufuza sanapezebe chomwe chimayambitsa khansa iyi. Koma tikudziwa kuti pafupifupi 90% ya khansa iyi imachokera ku maselo a glandular omwe ali pa chiwalo, "maselo a epithelial" omwe tidakambirana kale. Awa ndi mitundu yomweyi ya maselo omwe amapanga khansa ya ovarian. Pachifukwa ichi, khansa ya fallopian tube ndi ovarian nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "matenda a serous apamwamba kwambiri." Izi zikutanthauza kuti awa ndi khansa yomwe ikukula mofulumira kwambiri .

Zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotenga khansa iyi. Onani ngati muli ndi chilichonse mwa izi.

• Zaka: Anthu opitilira theka omwe amadwala khansa ya m'mimba mwa mazira kapena m'chiberekero amakhala ndi zaka zoposa 63. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezochi chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba.
• Mbiri ya banja: Ngati mmodzi mwa achibale anu apamtima (amayi, mlongo, mwana wamkazi) wakhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere, khansa ya mazira, kapena khansa ya m'chubu cha mazira, chiopsezo chanu chimakhala chachikulu.
• Kusintha kwa majini: Kusintha (kusintha kwa majini) mu jini yokhudzana ndi khansa ya m'mawere (BRCA) kumawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha khansa iyi.
• Matenda ena: Matenda obadwa nawo monga Lynch syndrome ndi Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, ndi matenda otchedwa endometriosis, angapangitsenso kuti munthu adwale matendawa.
• Mbiri ya mimba: Chiwopsezochi n'chokwera pang'ono kwa iwo omwe sanatengepo mimba komanso omwe adabereka mwana wawo woyamba atakwanitsa zaka 35.
• Mbiri ya nthawi ya msambo: Kukhala ndi msambo wanu woyamba musanakwanitse zaka 12 komanso kusamba mutakwanitsa zaka 51 ndi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo.
• Kunenepa Kwambiri: Kunenepa kwambiri (BMI) kwa anthu opitirira zaka 30, makamaka ngati munali onenepa kwambiri muli aang'ono, kungakulitse chiopsezo chanu.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa?

Monga tanenera kale, palibe zizindikiro zoyambirira, kotero matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka akafalikira pang'ono. Mwina mwapeza chotupa panthawi yoyezetsa m'chiuno pamene dokotala wanu akukufufuzani nthawi zonse.

Pambuyo poti pabuka kukayikira, dokotalayo adzalamula kuti apimidwe kangapo kuti afufuze bwino vutoli.

1. Kuyezetsa magazi:Kuyezetsa magazi kwa CA-125 kumayesa kuchuluka kwa puloteni yotchedwa cancer antigen 125 m'magazi. Kuchuluka kumeneku kungakwezedwe mwa munthu amene ali ndi khansa ya m'chubu cha mazira. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kuchuluka kumeneku kungakwezedwenso pazifukwa zina osati khansa.

2. Mayeso ojambulira: Ma scan monga `(Transvaginal ultrasound)`, `(CT scan)`, `(MRI)` kapena `(PET scan)` amatha kupanga zithunzi zomveka bwino za machubu a fallopian ndi mazira. Izi zingathandize kuona ngati pali ma cysts kapena zotupa zilizonse.

Komabe, mayeso okhawa sangatsimikizire 100% kuti ndi khansa. Kuti adziwe matendawa motsimikiza, kuyenera kutengedwa ndikuwunika minofu pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi ndi izi:

• Opaleshoni yofufuza: Njira yochitira opaleshoni yomwe imayang'ana mwachindunji ziwalo kuti ione ngati pali minofu yokayikitsa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga zitsanzo za machubu a fallopian, mazira, ndi ma lymph nodes apafupi ndikuzitumiza ku labu kuti akayesedwe. Opaleshoni iyi ikhoza kuchitidwa motseguka (laparotomy) kapena kudzera m'mabala ang'onoang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito kamera (laparoscopy).
• Kufufuza za khansa: Kachidutswa kakang'ono ka minofu kamachotsedwa pa chotupa chomwe chikukayikiridwa pogwiritsa ntchito singano ndikuchiyang'ana.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa khansa kumatsimikiziridwa bwanji?

Khansa ikatsimikizika, chinthu chotsatira chofunikira kwambiri ndikudziwa "gawo" lake. Mwachidule, ndikupeza momwe khansa yafalikira (yomwe yafalikira). Izi ndizofunikira pokonzekera chithandizo ndikupeza lingaliro la momwe matendawa adzachitikire mtsogolo.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Chithandizo chomwe mudzalandire chidzadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo gawo la khansa komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Dokotala wanu adzapanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe lingakhale labwino kwa inu.

• Opaleshoni: Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri ndiyo njira yoyamba yochizira. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa chiberekero (hysterectomy), machubu onse a fallopian (salpingectomy), ndi mazira onse awiri (oophorectomy). Kutengera ndi momwe khansa yafalikira, minofu ina yapafupi ingafunikenso kuchotsedwa. Kwa amayi ena achichepere, obereka ana, ngati khansa yapezeka msanga, chotupa cha khansa chokha ndicho chimachotsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo zoberekera zisawonongeke.
• Chemotherapy: Awa ndi mankhwala amphamvu omwe amaperekedwa kuti aphe maselo a khansa. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuti achepetse chotupacho musanachite opaleshoni, kapena kupha maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe angakhalebe atachitidwa opaleshoni.
• Chithandizo Cholunjika: Iyi ndi njira yatsopano yochiritsira. Imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi mamolekyu enaake ofunikira pakukula kwa maselo a khansa, popanda kuvulaza maselo athanzi monga chemotherapy wamba. Njira yochiritsira iyi ingakhale yopambana kwambiri, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini a `(BRCA)`.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi la thupi lathu, ndikuchipatsa mphamvu yolimbana ndi maselo a khansa.
• Chisamaliro cha matenda ofooketsa: Izi ndi malingaliro olakwika omwe anthu ambiri amaganiza. Chisamaliro cha matenda ofooketsa si cha anthu okhawo omwe matenda awo sangachiritsidwe. Chimakhudza kuthana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa za chithandizo cha khansa, monga kupweteka ndi nseru, komanso kuthandiza kukhala ndi moyo wabwino. Chisamalirochi chingaperekedwe pamlingo uliwonse wa khansa.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukalandira chithandizo?

Pambuyo pa chithandizo, pafupifupi 80% ya odwala amapita ku "release" (kusiya kudwala) , mkhalidwe womwe palibe zizindikiro za khansa. Komabe, pali chiopsezo chakuti khansa "ibwerezenso" .

• Khansa zomwe zapezeka pachiyambi zimakhala ndi chiŵerengero chobwerezabwereza cha pafupifupi 25%.
• Khansa yofalikira komanso yopita patsogolo imatha kubwereranso mpaka 80% ya milandu.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo, ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala panthawi yomwe mwakonza ndikuyesedwa.Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, makamaka mkati mwa zaka zisanu zoyambirira.

Mitengo Yopulumuka

Musachite mantha ndi ziwerengerozi. Izi ndi ziwerengero zochokera ku deta yochokera kwa odwala masauzande ambiri. Mkhalidwe wanu ukhoza kukhala wosiyana kwambiri, wabwino kwambiri. Izi ndi kungomvetsetsa kuopsa kwa matendawa.

• Ngati khansayo imangopezeka m'machubu a fallopian (a m'deralo): Chiŵerengero cha kupulumuka kwa zaka 5 ndi 94%.
• Ngati yafalikira ku ziwalo zapafupi (Zachigawo): Chiŵerengero cha moyo wa zaka 5 ndi 53%.
• Ngati yafalikira ku ziwalo zakutali (Kutali): Chiŵerengero cha moyo wa zaka 5 ndi 44%.

Kodi pali njira zodzitetezera ku khansa iyi?

Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kupeweratu, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe tingachite kuti tichepetse chiopsezochi.

Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere, ya m'chiberekero, kapena ya m'chubu cha mazira, mungafune kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za kuyezetsa majini a BRCA gene. Ngati mwapezeka ndi kusintha kwa majini, mungafune kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu za kuthekera kochitidwa prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy (kuchotsa mazira ndi machubu a mazira) ngati njira yopewera mutakhala ndi ana. Izi zitha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ndi pafupifupi 96%.

Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu izi zingathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo:

• Kudya zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kusunga kulemera koyenera komwe kungakuyenerereni.
• Siyani kapena chepetsani kusuta fodya ndi kumwa mowa.
• Ngati n'kotheka, perekani mkaka kwa ana anu.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera za mahomoni, monga mapiritsi olerera (koma ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa majini a BRCA, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati izi ndi zoyenera kwa inu).