Ngati ndinu mayi woyembekezera, kapena ngati mwalandira kale uthenga wabwino, chikhumbo chachikulu mumtima mwanu ndi mwana wathanzi. Chifukwa chake, panthawiyi, madokotala amalimbikitsa mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti aone thanzi la mwana. Pakati pawo, tikulankhula za mtundu wa mayeso omwe angawoneke ovuta pang'ono kwa ambiri, koma ndi ofunikira kwambiri. Umenewo ndi mayeso a majini, kapena monga momwe timanenera mu Chingerezi, ' Kuyesa Majini '.
Ndani ayenera kuyesedwa majini awa?
Mwachidule, mkazi aliyense ali ndi mwayi wochita mayesowa asanayambe kapena ali ndi pakati. Nthawi zina, bambo a mwanayo amatumizidwanso kuti akachite mayesowa.
Kawirikawiri pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe dokotala wanu angakupatseni mtundu uwu wa mayeso:
- Mbiri ya Banja : Ngati wina m'banja mwanu kapena la mnzanu ali ndi matenda a majini (monga thalassemia), mwana nayenso akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo.
- Zaka: Nthawi zambiri, mayi akakhala ndi zaka zoposa 35, chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda enaake a majini (makamaka Down syndrome) chimawonjezeka pang'ono.
- Matenda a mimba m'mbuyomu: Ngati munakhalapo ndi mwana yemwe anali ndi vuto la majini panthawi yomwe munali ndi mimba m'mbuyomu.
- Zotsatira za mayeso ena: Ngati muwona matenda aliwonse okayikitsa panthawi ina yowunikira kapena kuyezetsa magazi komwe mudachitapo.
Matenda ena a majini amapezeka kwambiri m'magulu ena a anthu. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a Tay-Sachs amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu ochokera ku Eastern Europe. Matenda a sickle cell amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu ochokera ku Africa. Matenda a cystic fibrosis amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu oyera. Izi ndi zitsanzo zochepa chabe. Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhulana momveka bwino ndi dokotala wanu za mbiri ya banja lanu komanso thanzi lanu.
Kodi mayesowa akuyang'ana chiyani kwenikweni?
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mayeso a majini. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa izi.
1. Mayeso Oyesera: Awa ndi mayeso oyamba omwe amachitika. Mayesowa sakukuuzani 100% ngati mwana wanu ali ndi matenda enaake. M'malo mwake, amakuuzani momwe mwana wanu angadwalire matenda enaake a majini (monga `Down syndrome`, `Trisomy 18`, `Trisomy 13`, ` Neural Tube Defects` ). Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika potengera magazi kuchokera kwa mayi.
2. Mayeso a Katundu:Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumafufuza ngati inu kapena bambo a mwana ndinu "wonyamula" jini yomwe imayambitsa matenda. Wonyamulayo amatanthauza kuti munthuyo alibe zizindikiro, koma ali ndi jini yomwe imayambitsa matendawa. Ngati makolo onse awiri ali ndi matenda omwewo, pali mwayi woti mwana adzakhala ndi matendawa. Mayesowa amachitika pa matenda monga `Cystic fibrosis`, `Fragile X syndrome`, `Sickle cell disease` ndi `Tay-Sachs`.
| Mtundu wa mayeso | Kodi kuyesedwa n’chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Mayeso Oyesera (monga mayeso a zizindikiro ziwiri, zitatu, zinayi) | Zimasonyeza chiopsezo cha mwana kukhala ndi matenda a chromosome monga Down syndrome ndi Trisomy 18. |
| Mayeso a Onyamula | Kuyesa kuona ngati mayi kapena bambo ndi omwe ali ndi matenda a majini (monga thalassemia, cystic fibrosis). |
Kodi mayeso amenewa amachitidwa bwanji? Kodi ndi chinthu choopa?
Simuyenera kuda nkhawa ndi izi konse. Mu mayeso onse a `kupima` ndi `onyamula` omwe takambirana pamwambapa, namwino kapena wogwira ntchito ku labotale yachipatala amangotenga magazi kuchokera kwa inu. Nthawi zina chitsanzo cha malovu chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Izi zili ngati kuyesa magazi nthawi zonse. Mayeso oyambira awa sabweretsa vuto lililonse kwa inu kapena mwana wanu wosabadwa.
Lipotilo litafika... zinthu zomwe tiyenera kudziwa
Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso losokoneza. Ngati lipoti lanu la mayeso oyezetsa magazi likunena kuti "High Risk", musachite mantha.
Kungoti mayeso oyezetsa akuti "chiopsezo chachikulu" sizikutanthauza kuti mwana wanu adzakhala ndi matendawa. Zimangotanthauza kuti pali mwayi woti matendawa alipo ndipo pakufunika kuyezetsa kwina.
Taganizirani izi motere, 'kuyesa kowunikira' kumeneku kuli ngati lipoti la nyengo lomwe likunena kuti pali mitambo yakuda kumwamba ndipo mvula ingagwe. Koma kuti mudziwe ngati mvula idzagwa komanso kuchuluka kwake, muyenera kuyang'ana patsogolo. Umu ndi momwe zilili ndi izi.
Ngati mwapeza zotsatira za "High Risk", dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zomwe mungachite kenako. Gawo lotsatira nthawi zambiri ndi mayeso ozindikira matenda . Izi zitha kukuuzani molondola kuposa 99% ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la majini.
Mayeso Ozindikira
Izi sizili ngati mayeso a magazi omwe adachitika kale. Izi ndi zovuta pang'ono. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu:
1. Amniocentesis: Njira yomwe madzi a amniotic pang'ono amachotsedwa mu thumba la amniotic lozungulira mwana m'chiberekero ndikuyesedwa.
2. Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Njira yomwe minofu yochepa kwambiri imatengedwa kuchokera ku gawo la placenta ndikuwunikidwa.
Popeza mayeso onsewa ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri chotaya mimba, madokotala amawalimbikitsa pokhapokha ngati mayeso owunikira akuwonetsa chiopsezo chachikulu.
N’chifukwa chiyani mayeso a bambo nawonso ndi ofunikira?
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyesa bambo poyesa wodwala. Kuti mwana akhale ndi matenda enaake a majini, mayi ndi bambo onse ayenera kukhala ndi matendawa. Tangoganizirani, mwayesedwa ngati wodwala matenda enaake. Koma ngati mayesowo atsimikizira kuti bambo wa mwanayo si wodwala matendawa, chiopsezo choti mwanayo akhale ndi matendawa chimatha pafupifupi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina mayeso a abambo angapereke mpumulo waukulu.
Onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu za zonsezi, kumvetsetsa zotsatira zake, ndikusankha choti muchite kenako. Iye angakupatseni upangiri wabwino kwambiri pa vuto lanu, m'malo mofufuza zambiri pa intaneti.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuyezetsa majini ndi mtundu wofunikira wa mayeso omwe amachitidwa panthawi ya mimba kuti awone thanzi la mwana.
- Mayeso oyezera amayamba kaye, omwe amaphatikizapo kutenga magazi ndikupeza chiopsezo cha mwana chotenga matenda enaake. Mayesowa savulaza mwana kapena mayi ake.
- Musachite mantha ngati mayeso owunikira akuwonetsa "Chiwopsezo Chachikulu." Sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi matendawa, koma zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kupimidwanso.
- Gawo lotsatira ndi mayeso ozindikira matenda, monga Amniocentesis kapena CVS, kuti atsimikizire ngati pali matenda kapena ayi.
- Musanayesedwe mayeso aliwonse komanso mutalandira zotsatira za mayeso, onetsetsani kuti mwakambirana ndi dokotala wanu kuti mutsimikizire kuti mwamvetsa bwino.
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