Kodi mtima wanu nawonso ukuvutika ndi vutoli? Tiyeni tiphunzire za Giant Cell Myocarditis!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati mtima wanu ukugunda, kugunda, kapena pali chinthu chachilendo pachifuwa panu? Izi ndi zinthu zomwe nthawi zina sitimaziganizira kwambiri, koma zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda ena a mtima osowa. Lero tikambirana za vuto limodzi losowa, koma lomwe lingakhale lalikulu la mtima. Dzina lake ndi Giant Cell Myocarditis, kapena mu Chingerezi `(Giant Cell Myocarditis)`.

Kodi matenda a Giant Cell Myocarditis ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta.

Mwachidule, Giant Cell Myocarditis ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa kutupa kwa minofu ya mtima . Kutupa ndi mtundu wa kutupa. Chomwe chimachitika mu matendawa ndi chakuti ena mwa 'maselo otupa' a thupi lathu amasonkhana ndikupanga mtundu wa selo lalikulu lotchedwa 'Maselo Aakulu'. Maselo akuluakulu awa, monga adani, amaukira minofu ya mtima wanu ndikuyambitsa zipsera.

Taganizirani izi, mtima wathu uli ngati pampu yamadzi. Ndi umene umapopa magazi m'thupi lonse. Choncho, pamene maselo akuluakuluwa awononga minofu ya mtima, mtima sungagwire ntchito bwino. Izi zikutanthauza:

• Kukuvuta kupompa magazi .
• Mtima ukagunda, si ziwalo zonse zomwe zimagunda nthawi imodzi .
• Zizindikiro zamagetsi zomwe zimalamulira kugunda kwa mtima zimasokonekera , ndipo zizindikirozo sizimayenda bwino mumtima.

Popeza vutoli limatha kukhala lalikulu mofulumira kwambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa nthawi zambiri amafunika kuikidwa mtima wina .

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa matenda a mtima (Myocarditis) ndi matenda a mtima (Giant Cell Myocarditis)?

Matenda a mtima (myocarditis) ndi kutupa kwa minofu ya mtima. Komabe, matenda a mtima otchedwa giant cell myocarditis ndi matenda osowa kwambiri komanso enieni a mtima (myocarditis). Monga mitundu ina ya matenda a mtima (myocarditis), amathanso kuyambitsa matenda a mtima (carditis disorders), kapena arrhythmias.

Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi nthawi zambiri ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a mtima. Komabe, ofufuza akuyesetsabe kupeza chifukwa chake matenda a mtima aakulu a myocarditis (GCM) amachitikira.

Ndani amene amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli? Kodi ndi lofala bwanji?

Matenda a mtima otchedwa Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa achinyamata ndi azaka zapakati omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino . Komabe, amatha kuchitika mwa anthu azaka zilizonse, mosasamala kanthu za jenda.

Ponena za kuchuluka kwa matendawa, n’zosowa kwambiri. Madokotala amazindikira matendawa mwa anthu osakwana m’modzi pa anthu 100,000 pachaka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amapezeka pafupifupi 0.13 pa anthu 100,000 aliwonse .

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti? Kodi timazizindikira bwanji?

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za giant cell myocarditis (GCM) zingaphatikizepo:

• Kugunda kwa mtima (kumva ngati mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira kapena chifuwa chanu chikugunda)
• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Kuvuta kupumakapena Kupuma movutikira
• Akakolo otupa
• Kutopa kwambiri

Kawirikawiri zizindikiro zimenezi zimayamba mofulumira kwambiri . Pambuyo pake, kusintha kwa kagwiridwe ka mtima kungachitike. Anthu opitirira theka omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi vuto loopsa la kagwiridwe ka mtima (`Ventricular arrhythmias`), lomwe limayamba m'zipinda za mtima . Izi zingayambitse mtima kuima mwadzidzidzi.

Komanso, kugunda kwa mtima kumatha kukhala kofulumira kwambiri kapena pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Mutha kumva chizungulire kapena kukomoka . Anthu ena amathanso kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu lotchedwa ``cardiogenic shock,'' pomwe mtima sungapope magazi bwino.

N’chifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika? Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Ofufuza sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a giant cell myocarditis (GCM). Akufufuza zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, akufufuza ngati matenda enaake, zolakwika m'thupi lanu, kapena china chake m'majini anu chingakupangitseni kukhala ndi matendawa.

Chinanso n'chakuti pafupifupi 20% ya anthu omwe amadwala matendawa apezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a autoimmune . Matenda a autoimmune ndi pamene chitetezo cha mthupi lathu, chomwe ndi chitetezo cha mthupi, chimaukira maselo a thupi lathu. Chifukwa chake, mitundu iyi ya matenda ingakhalenso chifukwa kapena chiopsezo cha matenda a GCM.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola?

Kuti atsimikizire kupezeka kwa giant cell myocarditis (GCM), dokotala wanu adzafunika kutenga chitsanzo chaching'ono cha minofu ya mtima wanu . Izi zimatchedwa heart biopsy. Chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa ku labotale ndikuwunikidwa ndi katswiri wa matenda a mtima.

Ndikofunikira kuti katswiri ngati uyu afufuze chitsanzocho chifukwa zotsatira za biopsy ya giant cell myocarditis zitha kufanana ndi za matenda ena omwe amayambitsa kutupa kwa minofu ya mtima, monga cardiac sarcoidosis. Chifukwa chake, kuzindikira molondola ndikofunikira pa dongosolo la chithandizo.

Mayeso a `(Biopsy)` awa ndi oopsa, koma ndiyo njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati muli ndi matendawa. Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi minofu ya mtima `(Biopsy)` ndi izi:

• Kutuluka kwa madzi m'thupi (pericardial effusion) (madzimadzi omwe amasonkhana mu nembanemba yozungulira mtima)
• Tamponade ya mtima
• Kuboola kwa khoma la chipinda cha mtima (khoma la ventricle)

Akatenga chitsanzochi, dokotala amaika chubu choonda kwambiri, chotchedwa catheter, mumtima mwanu kudzera mu mtsempha waukulu wamagazi womwe uli pakhosi kapena m'mimba mwanu. Catheter iyi imalowetsedwa mumtima pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera (`Images`). Kenako, chida chapadera mkati mwa catheter chimatenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu ya mtima.

Nthawi zina pangafunike `(Biopsy)` yoposa imodzi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa `(GCM)` singakhudze ziwalo zonse za mtima mofanana. Kuchita chinthu monga `(MRI)` scan ya mtima kungathandize dokotala kusankha komwe angapite `(Biopsy)`.

Ndi mayeso ena ati omwe mumachita?

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti mulibe vuto lina la mtima, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso ena. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:

• Electrocardiogram (EKG)
• Echocardiogram
• Kutsegula kwa mtima

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Dokotala wanu angapereke mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti athetse vutoli. Mankhwalawa ndi awa:

• Zingachepetse kutupa .
• Zimathandiza kupewa kusinthasintha kwa mtima kapena kulephera kwa mtima.
• Mungapatsidwe nthawi yochulukirapo mpaka mutafunika kuikidwa mtima wina.
• Zimathandiza kutalikitsa moyo .

Mankhwala ena a giant cell myocarditis (GCM) amathandiza kuwongolera kulephera kwa mtima komanso kayimbidwe ka mtima kosazolowereka. Mankhwalawa angaphatikizepo:

• Mankhwala
• Kuchotsa catheter
• Chothandizira pacemaker
• Chojambulira cha mtima chopangidwa ndi implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) ndi chipangizo chomwe chimayikidwa m'thupi kuti chilamulire ndikugwedeza kugunda kwa mtima.
• Kusamutsa mtima

Mukuyembekezera kuikidwa mtima, mungafunike chipangizo chothandizira kumanzere kwa ventricle (LVAD). Ngati mukufuna kuikidwa mtima, muyenera kuyesedwa ndi kulandira chithandizo kuchipatala chomwe chili ndi malo ochitira zimenezo.

Ndi mankhwala amtundu wanji omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito?

Chithandizo cha giant cell myocarditis (GCM) chimaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amawongolera chitetezo chamthupi chanu (immunosuppressants). Ndiko kuti, mankhwala omwe amachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• Cyclosporine (monga Gengraf®, Neoral®)
• Mankhwala a Corticosteroid monga prednisone (monga Sterapred®, Rayos®)
• Azathioprine (e.g. Imuran®, Azasan®)

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyamba mankhwala awa mwachangu. Popanda mankhwala awa, kuyika mtima wina kungafunike mkati mwa miyezi itatu kuchokera pamene zizindikiro zayamba, apo ayi vutoli likhoza kupha. Komabe, anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi moyo kwa miyezi pafupifupi 12.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za mankhwalawa?

Zotsatirapo zake zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe mumamwa. Zina mwa zotsatirapo zake zofala kwambiri ndi izi:

• Kupweteka kwa minofu kapena kufooka
• Mutu
• Shuga wambiri m'magazi
• Kutsegula m'mimba
• Kusowa tulo

Ngati mukumva chonchi, musaiwale kuuza dokotala wanu.

Kodi moyo udzakhala bwanji ndi matendawa?

Ngati muli ndi giant cell myocarditis (GCM), izi zingayambitse kulephera kwa mtima kapena kutsekeka kwa mtima . Matendawa akakula kwambiri (nthawi zambiri mkati mwa miyezi isanu), mungafunike kuikidwa mtima wina, ngati mukuyenerera. Anthu ambiri samakhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse akalandira mtima watsopano, koma amafunika kumwa mankhwala ambiri atsopano kuti athandize mtima watsopano.

Kodi matenda a mtima otchedwa giant cell myocarditis angapewedwe?

Ngakhale anthu amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali ndi giant cell myocarditis (GCM) kuposa kale, akadali matenda oopsa popanda kuikidwa mtima . Kwa zaka zambiri za m'ma 1900, anthu omwe ali ndi GCM anakhala ndi moyo kwa miyezi yosakwana itatu. Koma masiku ano, ngati matendawa apezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amawongolera chitetezo chamthupi, 90% ya anthu omwe ali ndi GCM amakhala ndi moyo kwa chaka chimodzi. Mankhwalawa angakupatseni miyezi kapena zaka mpaka mutafunika kuikidwa mtima.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha matendawa ndi chiyani?

Pambuyo poika mtima wina, anthu pafupifupi 71% omwe ali ndi giant cell myocarditis (GCM) amakhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zisanu (82% mu kafukufuku wina) . Patatha zaka khumi kuchokera pamene mtima wina unaikidwa, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amapulumuka ndi pafupifupi 68%.

Komabe, maselo akuluakulu amatha kubwereranso pakati pa 10% ndi 50% ya anthu omwe amalandira mtima watsopano. Izi zitha kuchitika kuyambira milungu ingapo mpaka zaka zisanu ndi zinayi mutalandira chithandizo. Ngati izi zitachitika, muyenera kumwa mankhwala a steroid kwa miyezi ingapo.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi giant cell myocarditis (GCM), muyenera kupewa masewera ampikisano kwa miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi . GCM yanu ikakhazikika, funsani dokotala wanu ngati kuli bwino kuti mubwerere pang'onopang'ono ku masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa chifukwa cha mankhwala anu, kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zikukulirakulira, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Ndikofunikanso kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse kuti muwone momwe mulili.

Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kupita ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa kapena kupuma movutikira, imbani 911 kapena pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda oopsa.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Musaiwale kufunsa mafunso awa mukapita kwa dokotala wanu:

• Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kangati kudzakumana ndi dokotala wotsatira?
• Kodi pali gulu lothandizira lomwe anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa angalowe nawo?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti ndifunika kuikidwa mtima?

Pomaliza, chinthu chofunika kwambiri kukumbukira

Kotero, tsopano mwina mukumvetsa kuti Giant Cell Myocarditis ndi matenda a mtima osowa kwambiri, koma oopsa kwambiri. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuzindikira zizindikiro msanga, kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala, ndikuyamba chithandizo choyenera. Musadandaule, chifukwa pali mankhwala a matendawa tsopano, ndipo nthawi ya moyo ikhoza kukulitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukumva china chake chachilendo pamtima panu, musamachinyalanyaze ndikuwonana ndi dokotala. Samalani mtima wanu!

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