Kodi mukudziwa za matenda awa omwe amakhudza mapapo ndi impso zanu nthawi imodzi? Tiyeni tikambirane za Goodpasture Syndrome!

Kodi nthawi zina mumakhala ndi chifuwa chosatha? Kodi chifuwacho nthawi zina chimabweretsa magazi pang'ono? Kapena mumamva kupuma movutikira, kutopa, komanso kuchepa kwa mkodzo? Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za vuto lalikulu. Lero tikambirana za vuto limodzi losowa kwambiri, koma lomwe muyenera kudziwa.

Kodi Goodpasture Syndrome ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Goodpasture Syndrome ndi matenda osowa koma omwe amatha kupha anthu. "Autoimmune" amatanthauza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi lathu, chitetezo cha mthupi, chimayamba molakwika kuukira maselo ndi minofu yathu yathanzi.

Mu matendawa, chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimaukira puloteni yotchedwa collagen. Collagen ndi chinthu chomwe chimamanga thupi lathu. Collagen imathandiza kuti khungu lathu, minofu, minyewa, mitsempha, ndi mafupa zikhale zolimba.

Choncho, ngati muli ndi vuto la Goodpasture, mapuloteni ena omwe thupi lanu limapanga, timawatcha kuti ma antibodies, amapita kukalumikizana ndi collagen m'mapapo ndi impso zanu. Izi zikachitika, kutupa kumayamba m'malo amenewo, ndipo minofuyo imayamba kusweka pang'onopang'ono. Ngati sichinachiritsidwe, izi zingayambitse kutupa kwakukulu kwa impso (glomerulonephritis), komwe kungayambitse kulephera kwa impso. Muthanso kuyamba kutuluka magazi ambiri m'mapapo (pulmonary hemorrhage). Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chachikulu cha imfa chifukwa cha matendawa ndi kutuluka magazi m'mapapo.

Dzina lina la izi ndi:

• Matenda a anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM)
• Matenda a pasture

Kodi izi ndizofala bwanji?

Uwu ndi matenda osowa kwambiri . Malinga ndi madokotala, matenda atsopano amodzi kapena awiri okha ndi omwe amanenedwa mwa anthu 100,000 aliwonse pachaka. Ndiye mutha kuganiza momwe matendawa amachitikira kawirikawiri.

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Matenda a Goodpasture ndi matenda a `(pulmonary-renal)`. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mapapo ndi impso zonse zimakhudzidwa nthawi imodzi. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zoyamba kuwonekera zimagwirizana ndi mapapo. Izi ndi izi:

• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira): Osati pokwera masitepe okha, komanso ngakhale mutapuma.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa : Kupweteka pachifuwa mukapuma kapena mukutsokomola.
• Chifuwa : Chifuwa chosatha, nthawi zina chopweteka.
• Phokoso limachokera pachifuwa munthu akamapuma : Likhoza kukhala phokoso logwedezeka, ngati kuti chinachake chatsekedwa mkati mwa chifuwa.
• Ndikumva kutopa kwambiri.`(kutopa)`: Kumva ngati wofooka kwambiri moti sungathe kuchita chilichonse.
• Kutuluka magazi m'mphuno (epistaxis).
• Kutsokomola magazi : Ichi ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimawopseza anthu ambiri ndipo chimafuna thandizo lachipatala mwachangu.
• Kutuwa : Khungu limasanduka lofiirira chifukwa cha kusowa kwa magazi.

Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi impso zingawonekerenso pambuyo pake. Zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira m'magazi, ndiko kuti, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
• Magazi mu mkodzo (hematuria): Mkodzo ukhoza kukhala wofiira kapena wakuda.
• Kutulutsa mkodzo pang'ono kuposa masiku onse.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwambiri .
• Kusanza ndi kusanza : Izi zitha kuchitikanso ndi kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa izi?

Matenda a Goodpasture amachitika pamene ma antibodies opangidwa ndi chitetezo chathu chamthupi amaukira collagen mu glomerular basement membrane (GBM) mu impso. GBM iyi ndi gawo la glomeruli, tinthu ting'onoting'ono tosefera magazi mu impso zathu. Ma antibodies amenewa amaukiranso collagen mu matumba a mpweya m'mapapo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti minofu ya m'mapapo iwonongeke, zomwe zimayambitsa kutuluka magazi ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma.

Sizikudziwika bwino chifukwa chake chitetezo cha mthupi chimaukira collagen yake. N'zotheka kuti zinthu zachilengedwe ndi majini athu zitha kukhala zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa ali ndi mgwirizano wamphamvu ndi chizindikiro cha majini chotchedwa Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) DR15. Ichi ndi puloteni yomwe imathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi kusiyanitsa minofu yathu ndi zinthu zakunja.

Nthawi zina, matendawa amatha kuwonekera pambuyo pa matenda, monga chimfine kapena chimfine. Komanso, inu:

• Ngati mumasuta .
• Ngati mukumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga cocaine .
• Chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa chimakhala chachikulu ngati mukukumana ndi fumbi lachitsulo kapena mankhwala a hydrocarbon monga methane ndi propane.

Kodi izi zikukhudza kwambiri ndani?

Matenda a Goodpasture amatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma amapezeka kwambiri mwa achinyamata, azaka zapakati pa khumi ndi makumi atatu, kenako kwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 60 ndi 70.

Kodi matenda amachitika bwanji?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyesani thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, angachitenso mayeso otsatirawa kuti atsimikizire matenda a Goodpasture:

• Mayeso a magazi : Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa kusefera kwa glomerular (eGFR), komwe kumayesa momwe impso zanu zikugwira ntchito.
• Mayeso a mkodzoKusanthula mkodzo: Izi zimayang'ana magazi mu mkodzo wanu kapena kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni (proteinuria).
• Mayeso ojambulira : Kujambula pachifuwa pa X-ray kapena CT scan kumachitika kuti aone ngati mapapo awonongeka.
• Bronchoscopy : Mu njirayi, dokotala amaika chubu chopyapyala, chachitali (bronchoscope) chokhala ndi kamera ndi kuwala komwe kumalumikizidwa kudzera mu mphuno kapena pakamwa panu kuti aone ngati mapapo anu awonongeka.
• Kufufuza impso : Pa izi, chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu chimatengedwa kuchokera ku impso ndikuwunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti atsimikizire ngati matenda a impso alipo.

Kodi matenda a Goodpasture angachiritsidwe?

Inde, izi zitha kuchiritsidwa ngati zapezeka molondola ndipo chithandizo chimayamba mwachangu.

Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha Goodpasture syndrome chimasiyana malinga ndi kuopsa kwa vutoli. Ngati vutoli silili lalikulu kwambiri, madokotala angapereke mankhwala monga:

• Corticosteroids : Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga prednisone. Izi zimathandiza kuletsa kutuluka magazi m'mapapo.
• Mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi : Mankhwala monga cyclophosphamide. Mankhwalawa amaletsa chitetezo chamthupi chanu kuukira minofu yake.
• Mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi (mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi): Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa impso.

Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala amagwiritsanso ntchito mankhwala otchedwa plasmapheresis . Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha yomwe ili m'dzanja lanu kudzera mu singano, kulekanitsa gawo lamadzimadzi la magazi, lotchedwa plasma, kuchokera ku maselo a magazi. Ma antibodies owopsa a anti-GBM ali mu plasma iyi. Kenako plasma imachotsedwa, ndipo plasma yochokera kwa munthu wathanzi imawonjezeredwa ku maselo anu a magazi ndikubwezeredwa kwa inu. Mwachidule, imachotsa ma antibodies owopsa m'thupi lanu.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire pambuyo pa chithandizo?

Muyenera kumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi kwa miyezi pafupifupi 6 mpaka 12. Nthawi zambiri, mungafunike kuchita plasmapheresis tsiku lililonse kwa milungu ingapo.

Kodi chidzachitike n’chiyani kenako?

Ngati sichinachiritsidwe, Goodpasture syndrome ingayambitse kutuluka magazi m'mapapo komwe kungawononge moyo komanso kulephera kwa impso. Komabe, ngati matendawa adziwika msanga ndipo chithandizo chayamba, zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino. Thupi lanu limapanga ma antibodies owopsa kwa kanthawi kochepa - kuyambira milungu ingapo mpaka zaka ziwiri. Kubwereranso kapena kubwereranso n'kosowa kwambiri.

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri la izi ndi kulephera kwa impso. Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, chithandizo cha dialysis chimafunika kuti chisefe magazi.Kuyika impso ndikofunikira.

Kodi ndiyenera kunena chiyani za moyo wanga?

Pafupifupi 80% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Goodpasture ali ndi chiŵerengero cha moyo cha zaka zisanu cha 80%. Izi zimachitika ngati matendawa apezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa bwino.

Kodi izi zingapewedwe?

Mwina sizingatheke kuletsa izi kwathunthu. Komabe, mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu popewa zinthu zina:

• Ma hydrocarbon, zomwe zikutanthauza zinthu monga methane, propane, petulo, kerosene, ndi phula.
• Fumbi lachitsulo.
• Cocaine.
• Zinthu zopaka utoto wa tsitsi.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la Goodpasture, ndi bwino kuchita zinthu izi:

• Siyani kusuta fodya kotheratu. Pewani kukhala pamalo omwe anthu ena amasuta (monga kusuta fodya kwa anthu ena).
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 tsiku lililonse.
• Yesetsani kuchepetsa nkhawa .

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukutsokomola magazi, mukuvutika kupuma, mukuchepa kukodza, kapena muli ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kuzindikira msanga kumawonjezera mwayi wanu wochira. Ngati simulandira chithandizo, kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa impso kosatha komanso mavuto oopsa a m'mapapo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, mukhoza kufunsa mafunso awa:

• Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi Goodpasture Syndrome?
• Kodi vuto langa ndi lalikulu bwanji?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chanji?
• Kodi ndingachite chiyani kuti ndisamalire impso zanga?
• Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala wa matenda a impso kapena wa m'mapapo?
• Kodi mungandiuze za gulu lothandizira lomwe limathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa?

Kodi zinthu zitatu zazikulu (Triad) za Goodpasture syndrome ndi ziti?

Mu zamankhwala, "triad" imatanthauza zizindikiro zitatu zazikulu zomwe zimafotokoza vuto lachipatala. Zizindikiro zitatu zazikulu za Goodpasture Syndrome ndi izi:

• Kutuluka magazi m'mapapo.
• Kuwonjezeka mwachangu kwa kutupa kwa impso.
• Kupezeka kwa ma antibodies otchedwa ``anti-GBM antibodies'' m'thupi.

Kukhala ndi matendawa kungakhale kovuta kwambiri komanso kopanda munthu, makamaka popeza chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa sichikudziwikabe. Kungasokoneze zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo mungafunike kusintha ntchito ngati mukugwira ntchito ndi ufa wachitsulo, petulo, kapena phula.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Choncho, Goodpasture Syndrome ndi chinthu choopa, koma ngati muzindikira zizindikiro msanga, pitani kwa dokotala mwachangu, ndikuyamba chithandizo, mutha kupeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Dziwani kusintha kwa thupi lanu. Ngati mukumva chinthu chachilendo, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala popanda kuchiona ngati chinthu chaching'ono. Simuli nokha, ndipo madokotala angakuthandizeni.

Matenda a Goodpasture , Matenda a Anti-GBM, kutuluka magazi m'mapapo, matenda a impso, matenda odziteteza ku matenda a autoimmune, kupuma movutikira, magazi m'mkodzo