Kodi mwana wanu amawerenga mofulumira kwambiri? Koma simukumvetsa? Izi zitha kukhala zokhudza (Hyperlexia)!

Kodi mwana wanu wamng'ono, asanabadwe ndi ana ena a msinkhu wake, amawerenga mabuku, manyuzipepala, ndi zikwangwani mumsewu mwanjira yodabwitsa? Mungadabwe kuti, "O, mwana wanga ndi wanzeru kwambiri, amawerenga kwambiri pa msinkhu uwu." Koma, kodi munayamba mwamvapo ngati sakumvetsa zomwe akuwerenga, ndipo sakudziwa momwe angayankhire mafunso okhudza izi? Ngati ndi choncho, izi zitha kukhala vuto lotchedwa `(Hyperlexia)`. Musadandaule, tiyeni tikambirane izi mosavuta, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi ichi ndi chiyani? N'chosavuta kwambiri!

Mwachidule, `(Hyperlexia)` amatanthauza kuti mwana wanu amayamba kuwerenga mawu msanga kuposa momwe amayembekezera. Koma pali chinyengo apa. Gawo la "Hyper" limatanthauza "bwino" kapena "mwachangu. " " Lexia" amatanthauza "chilankhulo kapena kuwerenga." Chifukwa chake, mwana yemwe ali ndi `(Hyperlexia)` akhoza kukhala ndi luso lapamwamba kwambiri lozindikira mawu ndi kuwerenga kuposa ana ena azaka zawo. Komabe, sangamvetse zambiri zomwe amawerenga.

Tangoganizirani, mwana wanu amawerenga mawu akuluakulu mu nyuzipepala bwino kwambiri, koma mukamufunsa tanthauzo la mawuwo, kapena tanthauzo la chiganizocho, sakuyankha. Ndi zimenezo. Angakhale ndi chidwi chachikulu ndi zilembo ndi manambala, mwinanso kuwakonda kwambiri. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti luso lowerenga mawu ndi lalikulu kwambiri kuposa luso lomvetsetsa chilankhulo.

Kodi pali kugwirizana pakati pa `(Hyperlexia)` ndi `(Autism Spectrum Disorder - ASD)`?

Funso limene makolo ambiri amakhala nalo ndi ili. Inde, vuto lotchedwa `(Hyperlexia)` nthawi zambiri limagwirizanitsidwa ndi `(Autism Spectrum Disorder - ASD)`. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti pafupifupi 84 peresenti ya ana omwe ali ndi `(Hyperlexia)` (kutanthauza kuti, pafupifupi 84 mwa ana 100) akhoza kukhala ndi autism spectrum.

Koma apa pali mfundo yofunika. Si ana onse omwe ali ndi `(Hyperlexia)` omwe ali ndi autism. Komanso, ana 6 mpaka 14 peresenti okha omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi `(Hyperlexia)`. Choncho, musaope kuti mwana wanu ali ndi autism chifukwa choti mukumuwona akuwerenga mwachangu. Koma ndi bwino kudziwa za kugwirizana kumeneku.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya `(Hyperlexia)` ndi iti?

Ofufuza apeza mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ``Hyperlexia'':

`(Hyperlexia) I` (Mtundu I)

Apa ndi pamene ana omwe akukula nthawi zambiri amaphunzira kuwerenga msanga komanso bwino kuposa momwe amayembekezera. Akatswiri ena amati kuwerenga koyambirira kumeneku si lingaliro labwino kugawidwa ngati "Hyperlexia". Komabe, anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti mtundu woyamba wa "Hyperlexia" sufuna chithandizo chapadera . Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mwana wanu agwera m'gululi, akhoza kukhala mwana waluso chabe.

`(Hyperlexia) II` (Mtundu wachiwiri)

Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umagwirizana ndi ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Ana awa amasonyeza chidwi chachikulu ndi zilembo ndi manambala kuyambira ali aang'ono. Amakonda mabuku ndi zowerengera kuposa zoseweretsa zina. Angasonyezenso makhalidwe ena omwe amapezeka mu autism. Akatswiri a zachipatala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito luso la kuwerenga la mwana uyu ngati chida chochiritsira.

`(Hyperlexia) III` (Mtundu wachitatu)

Izi zikufanana pang'ono ndi mtundu wachiwiri. Komabe, chinthu chapadera apa ndichakuti zizindikiro za vutoli zimachepa pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi ndipo zimazimiririka akamakula. Ana awa alinso ndi luso lapamwamba lowerenga, koma chilankhulo chawo cholankhulidwa, ndiko kuti, luso lolankhula ndi mawu, chingakhale chochedwa pang'ono. Ngakhale angasonyeze zizindikiro zina za autism, luso lawo lolankhula ndi ena ndikusunga ubale wa anthu (luso lolankhulana ndi anthu) lingakhale pamlingo wabwinobwino.

Kodi zizindikiro za mwana amene ali ndi vuto la `(Hyperlexia)` ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zoonekeratu kwambiri ndi luso lowerenga bwino komanso chidwi chachikulu ndi zilembo ndi manambala. Ngakhale mwana wanu angawoneke ngati akuwerenga bwino kwambiri, sangamvetse zomwe akuwerenga.

Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la "Hyperlexia" amasonyeza zizindikiro izi:

• Kuphunzira mwachangu: Ana omwe ali ndi vuto la "Hyperlexia" amaphunzira kuwerenga mwachangu kwambiri, nthawi zina popanda malangizo apadera, pafupifupi okha. Angazolowere kubwerezabwereza mawu omwe amawaona ndi kuwamva pafupipafupi.
• Kukonda mabuku: Ana awa amakonda mabuku ndi kuwerenga kuposa zoseweretsa zina zilizonse. Nthawi zina amatha kuwoneka akulemba mawu mlengalenga ndi zala zawo, kapena kutchula mawu mokweza.
• Kulephera kumvetsetsa: Ngakhale atakhala kuti amatha kuwerenga, angavutike kumvetsa zomwe akuwerenga. Mwachitsanzo, angawerenge masewera papepala, koma angavutike kumvetsa momwe angawasewerere. Kapena angalephere kumvetsa momwe angathetsere chiwembu.
• Zizindikiro za vuto la kukula: Ana omwe ali ndi vuto la kulephera kuwerenga nthawi zina amatha kusonyeza zizindikiro za vuto la kukula, monga mavuto a khalidwe kapena kuvutika kulankhula ndi kulankhulana monga ana ena a msinkhu wawo.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa `(Hyperlexia)`?

Ndipotu, ofufuza sanapezebe chomwe chimayambitsa hyperlexia. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti imayamba chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa majini ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa ubongo wa mwana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti si vuto la aliyense.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji `(Hyperlexia)`?

Pakadali pano palibe mayeso enieni a vutoli. Kuzindikira vutoli kungakhale kovuta pang'ono, chifukwa nthawi zina silimabwera lokha. Mwana wanu akhoza kukhala nalo limodzi ndi mavuto ena ophunzirira kapena a khalidwe. Komanso, Buku Lofufuza ndi Kuwerengera Matenda a Mitsempha (DSM-5) silimafotokoza momveka bwino kuti ndi vuto lina. DSM-5 imatchula Hyperlexia ngati gawo la matenda a autism spectrum.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la hyperlexia, choyamba kuchita ndikuonana ndi dokotala wa ana. Iye angakutumizireni kwa katswiri, monga katswiri wa zamaganizo a ana kapena katswiri wa matenda a chilankhulo. Akatswiriwa adzachita mayeso apadera kuti adziwe momwe mwanayo amamvetsetsa chilankhulo.

Mayeso awa si ovuta kwenikweni. Samuopseza mwana kapena kumukakamiza. Amangofunika kudziwa bwino zomwe mwanayo akudziwa komanso zomwe akumvetsa.

Kuona kwa mwana, kumva, kusinthasintha maganizo, ndi luso lake lolankhulana zimayesedwanso. Popeza hyperlexia imagwirizana kwambiri ndi autism, dokotala angalimbikitsenso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira za autism kuti atsimikizire kapena kuletsa kupezeka kwa autism.

Kodi mungamuthandize bwanji mwana amene ali ndi vuto la `(Hyperlexia)`?

Njira zochiritsira zimadalira mtundu wa `(Hyperlexia)` womwe mwana ali nawo komanso momwe alili payekhapayekha. Ana omwe ali ndi `(Hyperlexia) I` (mtundu woyamba) nthawi zambiri safuna chithandizo chilichonse. Komabe, ana omwe ali ndi `(Hyperlexia) II` (mtundu wachiwiri) ndi `(Hyperlexia) III` (mtundu wachitatu) angapindule ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira.

• Chithandizo cha kulankhula: Izi zimathandiza kukulitsa luso la mwana lolankhula komanso locheza ndi anthu. Katswiri wolankhula ndi chilankhulo amagwiritsa ntchito luso lapamwamba la mwana lowerenga kuti amuthandize kuthana ndi zofooka zake. Ndondomeko ya chithandizo imapangidwa kutengera zosowa ndi zomwe mwanayo amakonda. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo luso locheza ndi anthu, kumvetsetsa, kulemba, ndi kulankhula.
• Chithandizo cha ntchito: Ichi ndi chithandizo chapadera chomwe chimayang'ana kwambiri zosowa za mwana. Katswiri wa zamaganizo angagwire ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana omwe mwanayo akukumana nawo, monga kugona, kudya, kudzisamalira, kulemba, komanso kutenga nawo mbali pantchito za kusukulu ndi zochitika zina.
• Chithandizo cha maganizo/uphungu: Pano, katswiri wa zamaganizo a ana amagwira ntchito ndi zosowa za mwanayo, monga mavuto amaganizo, khalidwe, ndi kuphunzira.

Kuphatikiza apo,Kusankha malo ophunzirira oyenera mwana wanu n'kofunika kwambiri pochiza Hyperlexia. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi Hyperlexia II, angapindule kwambiri pophunzira m'kalasi la maphunziro apadera. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kalasi yokhazikika ingakhale yosangalatsa kwambiri kwa iye. Mwana wanu angakonde kuphunzira bwino m'malo ophunzirira a munthu payekha.

Komabe, ngati mwana wanu ali ndi `(Hyperlexia) III`, angapindule ndi kukhala mkalasi wamba chifukwa zimamupatsa mwayi wokulitsa luso lake locheza ndi anthu komanso kukulitsa luso lina lophunzirira.

Kodi Hyperlexia ingapewedwe?

Monga tafotokozera kale, ofufuza sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa izi. Chifukwa chake, pakadali pano palibe njira yopewera vutoli.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ndi mwana wanga kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu akuwonetsa zizindikiro za "Hyperlexia", ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala. Ana ena akhoza kukhala ndi luso lowerenga msanga. Dokotala angathandize kudziwa ngati mwana wanu akufunika kuunikiridwa ndi/kapena chithandizo china.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wa mwana wanga?

Mungathe kufunsa dokotala mafunso monga:

• Kodi mwana wanga ali ndi vuto la `(Hyperlexia)` lotani?
• Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti mwana wanga akhoza kukhala ndi autism?
• Ndi mankhwala kapena njira ziti zomwe mumalimbikitsa?
• Kodi vuto limeneli (Hyperlexia) lidzatha mwana wanga akamakula?
• Kodi ndingachite chiyani kuti ndithandize mwana wanga kuthana ndi vutoli?

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa `(Hyperlexia)` ndi `(Dyslexia)` ndi kotani?

Matenda a kulera (dyslexia) ndi osiyana ndi matenda a hyperlexia. Ngakhale kuti ana omwe ali ndi vuto la kulera amayamba kuwerenga msanga, ana omwe ali ndi vuto la kulera amavutika kulemba ndi kuwerenga. Komabe, mosiyana ndi ana omwe ali ndi vuto la kulera, ana omwe ali ndi vuto la kulera nthawi zambiri amamvetsa zomwe amawerenga. Amatha kufotokoza bwino maganizo awo ndi kuganiza mwanzeru.

Matenda a dyslexia ndi vuto lofala kwambiri pakuphunzira kuposa hyperlexia. Pafupifupi 20% ya anthu aku America ali ndi vuto la dyslexia, ndipo pakati pa 80% ndi 90% ya mavuto onse ophunzirira amayamba chifukwa cha dyslexia.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ngati mwana wanu akuwerenga mofulumira kwambiri, sizitanthauza kuti ali ndi vuto la hyperlexia kapena autism. Ana ena amangophunzira kuwerenga msanga, ndipo ndi anzeru kwambiri. Koma mumamudziwa bwino mwana wanu. Ngati muwona chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chosayenera kapena chachilendo, pitani kwa dokotala wa mwana wanu nthawi yomweyo. Iye angakuthandizeni kusankha choti muchite kenako.

Kumbukirani, mosasamala kanthu za vuto la kuphunzira, likadziwika msanga, zimakhala bwino. Kenako tikhoza kupatsa mwana thandizo ndi chithandizo chomwe akufunikira mwachangu, kuwathandiza kukula mokwanira. Musadandaule, simuli nokha.

Kulephera kuwerenga bwino, autism, kuwerenga mwachangu, kumvetsetsa chilankhulo, kukula kwa mwana, chithandizo cha kulankhula, kusiyana kwa kuphunzira