Kodi muli ndi sodium yochepa (mchere)? Tiyeni tikambirane za hyponatremia!

Mchere ndi wofunikira m'thupi lathu, sichoncho? Koma anthu ena amaganiza kuti kudya mchere wochuluka ndiye vuto lokhalo. Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti kuchepa kwa mchere, kutanthauza kuti sodium, m'thupi nthawi zina kungakhale koopsa kwambiri? Ndicho chimene timachitcha hyponatremia mu mankhwala. Ngakhale kuti mawuwa angawoneke ngati ovuta, mwachidule, amatanthauza kuti sodium m'magazi mwanu ndi yotsika kuposa kuchuluka komwe kumalimbikitsidwa. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane lero, chifukwa ichi ndi chinthu chomwe tonsefe tiyenera kudziwa.

Kodi hyponatremia kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, hyponatremia imachitika pamene sodium m'magazi mwanu (gawo lalikulu la mchere womwe timadya) ndi wochepa kuposa wamba. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amaona kuti hyponatremia ndi vuto lomwe sodium imakhala yochepera 135 milliequivalents pa lita imodzi (135 mEq/L).

Tsopano mungaganize kuti, "O, mchere wochepa ndi wabwino, koma wochuluka ndi woipa." Koma monga zinthu zambiri m'moyo, kulinganiza bwino ndikofunikira. Kuti thupi lanu likhale lathanzi, muyenera kukhala ndi kulinganiza bwino pakati pa madzi ndi sodium. Matenda ena kapena mankhwala amatha kusokoneza kulinganiza kumeneku. Zimenezi zikachitika, madzi ochulukirapo amatha kulowa m'maselo anu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asiye kugwira ntchito bwino. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri ku ubongo wanu.

Ngati impso zanu zikugwira ntchito bwino, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuti sodium m'magazi mwanu ichepe kwambiri chifukwa chomwa madzi ambiri. Komabe, izi zitha kuchitika ngati mwataya madzi m'thupi (monga mutathamanga marathon) ndipo mumamwa madzi okha osadzaza ma electrolyte anu (minerals zomwe thupi lanu limafunikira kuti ligwire ntchito).

Hyponatremia ikhoza kukhala yokhalitsa kapena yoopsa . Ikakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali, zizindikiro zimakula pang'onopang'ono pamene thupi likusintha kukhala ndi sodium yochepa. Komabe, ngati sodium imatsika mwadzidzidzi, zizindikiro zimatha kukhala zazikulu mwadzidzidzi.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya hyponatremia ndi iti?

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya hyponatremia. Kudziwa izi kungathandize dokotala kudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa vuto lanu komanso chithandizo chomwe chikufunika.

1. Euvolemic hyponatremia/dilutional hyponatremia: Apa ndi pamene kuchuluka kwa sodium m'thupi lanu sikusintha, koma kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi lanu kumawonjezeka. Zili ngati kuwonjezera madzi ambiri mu galasi la madzi ndipo mchere wa madziwo sumakhala wochepa.

2. Kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi: Apa, kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi sodium m'thupi lanu kumawonjezeka. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumawonjezeka kuposa kuchuluka kwa sodium.

3.Hypovolemic hyponatremia: Apa ndi pamene kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi sodium m'thupi lanu kumachepa. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa sodium kumachepa kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa madzi.

Ngakhale kuti gululi lingawoneke ngati lachipatala pang'ono, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli.

Kodi zizindikiro za Hyponatremia ndi ziti?

Munthu amene ali ndi hyponatremia angakumane ndi zizindikiro monga:

• Kupweteka kwa minofu kapena kufooka: Zingamveke ngati miyendo yanu yayamba kufooka, ngati kuti zidutswa za mnofu zikugwa.
• Kusanza ndi kusanza: M'mimba mwanu mungamve ngati mukuvutika ndi kusanza ndipo mungamve ngati mukufuna kusanza.
• Kugona tulo tofa nato kapena kutopa kwambiri (Kutopa): Kukhala wotopa nthawi zonse, wosakhoza kuchita chilichonse.
• Mutu: Mutu waukulu ukhoza kuchitika.
• Kusokonezeka kapena kusintha kwa maganizo: Zinthu monga chisokonezo, kuchita zinthu mosiyana ndi kale.
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu: Ngati vutoli lakula kwambiri, likhoza kukhala ngati kugwidwa ndi khunyu.

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikirozi, makamaka ngati zikuoneka kuti zikuipiraipira, ndi bwino kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala.

N’chifukwa chiyani hyponatremia imachitika? Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani?

Hyponatremia nthawi zambiri imachitika thupi lanu likakhala ndi madzi ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti sodium yanu ichepe. Nthawi zina, izi zimatha kuchitika ngakhale mutataya sodium yambiri (koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepa). Komabe, pamene madzi ndi sodium m'thupi lanu sizikuyenda bwino, madzi amalowa m'maselo anu ndikusokoneza ntchito yawo yachibadwa.

Nazi zina mwa zifukwa zenizeni za hyponatremia:

• SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion): Izi zimachitika pamene thupi limatulutsa mahomoni ambiri otchedwa Antidiuretic hormone, omwe amathandiza thupi kusunga madzi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti madzi azisonkhana m'thupi ndikuchepetsa sodium.
• Kulephera kwa mtima: Mtima ukafooka, madzi m'thupi amatha kusonkhana popanda kuyenda bwino.
• Kulephera kwa impso: Impso zimalamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mchere m'thupi. Mavutowa amapezeka ngati sakugwira ntchito bwino.
• Matenda a chiwindi: Matendawa amatha kuchitika chiwindi chikawonongeka.
• Matenda a Nephrotic: Ichi ndi vuto lomwe limagwirizananso ndi impso.
• Matenda a mitsempha monga zotupa muubongo
• Ludzu lochuluka ndi kumwa mowa (Polydipsia)
• Hypothyroidism (chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito mokwanira)
• Kumwa mowa wambiri kapena mowa wina uliwonse (Beer potomania): Anthu ena amaganiza kuti madzi ndiye vuto lokhalo, koma izi zitha kuchitikanso ngati mumwa mowa wambiri monga mowa.
• Kutsegula m'mimba kapena kusanza:Izi zimapangitsa kuti madzi ndi sodium zitayike m'thupi.
• Mankhwala ena: Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya okodzetsa (omwe amatchedwanso "mapiritsi amadzi") ndi mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo a SSRI.
• Mankhwala ena: Matendawa amathanso kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga MDMA (omwe timadziwika ndi mayina monga "ecstasy" ndi "molly").

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha hyponatremia?

Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa matenda omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga hyponatremia. Chiwopsezochi chingawonjezekenso pambuyo pa opaleshoni zina.

Kodi Hyponatremia ingakhale yoopsa kwa moyo?

Inde, ndithudi. Ngati hyponatremia ikula kwambiri , minofu yanu, makamaka minofu ya ubongo wanu, imayamba kutupa ndi madzi. Ngati izi sizichiritsidwa mwachangu, zingayambitse chikomokere, kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kosatha, kapena imfa. Choncho izi sizinthu zosewerera.

Kodi Hyponatremia imapezedwa bwanji?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito makamaka mayeso a magazi ndi mkodzo kuti adziwe ngati pali vuto la hyponatremia. Izi zimawunika kuchuluka kwa sodium, potaziyamu, mahomoni ena, ndi zinthu zina m'thupi lanu. Amawunikanso momwe impso zanu ndi chiwindi chanu zikugwira ntchito. Kutengera ndi zizindikiro zanu, dokotala wanu angakuwuzeninso kuti muyezedwe ndi CT scan kapena X-ray pachifuwa.

Komanso, dokotala angakufunseni zinthu monga:

• Kodi mumasewera masewera amtundu wanji ndipo mumachita bwanji maphunziro?
• Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otani?
• Ndi matenda kapena opaleshoni ziti zomwe muli nazo kapena zomwe mudachitapo kale?
• Kodi mumamwa mowa wochuluka bwanji?

Zonsezi zimathandiza dokotala kumvetsetsa bwino vuto lanu.

Kodi Hyponatremia imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha hyponatremia chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa komanso mtundu wa hyponatremia yomwe muli nayo. Njira zina zochiritsira zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuchepetsa kumwa madzi: Nthawi zina, kuchepetsa kumwa madzi kungathandize kulamulira vutoli.
• Kusintha mankhwala omwe mumamwa: Nthawi zina dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala kapena kusintha mlingo.
• Kupereka madzi m'mitsempha (madzi a m'mitsempha): Kupereka zinthu monga mchere m'thupi kudzera m'mitsempha.
• Mankhwala apadera omwe amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi sodium yochepa: Mwachitsanzo, `(Tolvaptan)` kapena `(Conivaptan)`.

Dokotalayo adzathandizanso matenda aliwonse omwe angayambitse hyponatremia.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo panthawi ya chithandizo

Madokotala amasamala kwambiri akamachiza hyponatremia kuti asawonjezere mwadzidzidzi kuchuluka kwa sodium kuposa momwe amalangizidwira. Chifukwa ngati mwadzidzidzi muwonjezera kuchuluka kwa sodium m'thupi mwachangu kwambiri,, zomwe zingayambitse zotsatirapo zoopsa komanso zoopsa monga ``Central pontine myelinolysis'' kapena ``Osmotic demyelination syndrome'', zomwe zimawononga ubongo. Ndicho chifukwa chake ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi hyponatremia, muyenera kuwona dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi hyponatremia ingapewedwe?

Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kupeweratu matendawa, mungachite izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu:

• Pewani kumwa mowa wambiri kapena zakumwa zina zoledzeretsa.
• Imwani madzi ambiri momwe mumvera ludzu (pokhapokha ngati dokotala wanu atakuuzani zina). Anthu ena amaganiza kuti muyenera kumwa malita a madzi patsiku, koma si zoona. Ludzu ndiye chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri.
• Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga MDMA.
• Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kupikisana pamasewera, m'malo mongomwa madzi okha, imwani zakumwa zokhala ndi ma electrolyte (monga zakumwa zamasewera). Koma izi sizili zabwino kwa inunso.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda lomwe limawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha hyponatremia, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za momwe mungathanirane nalo bwino.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi, makamaka zomwe zimaphatikizapo zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri.

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ngati ndili ndi hyponatremia?

Chiyembekezo cha hyponatremia chimadalira kwambiri chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Anthu ambiri amatha kuchira mokwanira ngati atalandira chithandizo mwachangu. Komabe, ngati vuto monga kutupa kwa ubongo silichiritsidwa mwachangu, lingayambitse kuwonongeka kosatha.

Koma nthawi zina, hyponatremia ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro chakuti matenda ena akuipiraipira. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso kapena chiwindi amakhala ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha imfa kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi hyponatremia chifukwa cha zifukwa zina.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda lomwe limakuwonjezera chiopsezo cha hyponatremia, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli. Iye angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vuto lanu ndikukuuzani zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kuziyang'anira.

Mu hyponatremia yosatha, zizindikiro zimatha kubwera ndi kutha. Mwachitsanzo, kumva kutopa nthawi zonse, kukhala ndi vuto lokhazikika, ndi zina zotero. Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse m'thupi lanu, makamaka ngati kukukulirakulira pakapita nthawi, ndi bwino kuuza dokotala wanu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Chipinda Chothandizira Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) liti?

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani ku chipinda chadzidzidzi chapafupi nthawi yomweyo:

• Chisokonezo
• Kugwidwa/kugwidwa
• Kuvuta kudzuka kuchokera ku tulo
• Mutu waukulu kwambiri
• Kusanza kwambiri kapena kutsegula m'mimba

Pa nthawi ngati iyi, musayembekezere kunyumba.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, zingakhale zothandiza kufunsa mafunso ngati awa:

• N’chifukwa chiyani izi zinandichitikira ine?
• Kodi ndingachite chiyani kuti ndipewe izi mtsogolo?
• Kodi zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyponatremia ndi ziti?
• Kodi ndimamwa bwanji mankhwala anga moyenera?
• Ndiyenera kumwa madzi angati patsiku?

Kodi ndiyenera kudya mchere wambiri ngati ndili ndi sodium yochepa?

Ngati muli ndi sodium yochepa m'magazi mwanu, muyenera kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu. Chithandizo chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa. Ngati mudya mchere wambiri, ukhoza kuyambitsa mavuto ena azaumoyo.

Nthawi zambiri timaganiza kuti mchere ndi chinthu choipa. Koma monga china chilichonse, kulinganiza bwino ndikofunikira. Kuchepa kwa sodium kungayambitse mavuto aakulu azaumoyo. Hyponatremia ndi vuto lofala, ndipo ngati lachiritsidwa mwachangu, anthu ambiri amatha kuchira kwathunthu. Koma popeza pali zifukwa zambiri, kuthana ndi matenda anu ndi mankhwala ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera chiopsezo chanu. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chabwino, tsopano mwamvetsa bwino zomwe takambirana lero, Hyponatremia. Zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira ndi izi:

• Kuchuluka kwa sodium ndi madzi m'thupi n'kofunika kwambiri. Kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa izi kungayambitse mavuto.
• Hyponatremia ndi kuchepa kwa sodium m'magazi. Izi zitha kukhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana .
• Ngati zizindikiro (monga kugwedezeka kwa minofu, nseru, kusokonezeka, mutu) zichitika, makamaka ngati zikukulirakulira kapena zikuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Pewani kumwa mchere momwe mukufunira popanda kufunsa dokotala.
• Ndikofunikira kusamalira bwino matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa (monga matenda a mtima, matenda a impso) ndikusamala ndi mankhwala omwe mumamwa.
• Chithandizo choyambirira nthawi zambiri chingathandize kuti munthu achire. Choncho musachite mantha, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo mukakayikira chilichonse.

Ndikoyenera kusamalira thanzi lanu!

Hyponatremia , sodium yochepa, mchere wochepa m'magazi, kusowa madzi m'thupi, ma electrolyte, madzi okwanira m'thupi, kutupa kwa ubongo