Kodi thupi lanu likusowa mpweya? Tiyeni tiphunzire za hypoxia.

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kusowa mpweya, chizungulire, kapena kusokonezeka maganizo? Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha hypoxia, vuto lomwe minofu ya thupi lanu silandira mpweya wokwanira. Popeza izi zitha kukhala zovuta pang'ono, tiyeni tikambirane za izi m'njira yosavuta kumva. Musachite mantha, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikudziwa.

Kodi hypoxia ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Chabwino, choyamba tiyeni timvetse tanthauzo la hypoxia. Mwachidule, ndi pamene minofu ya thupi lanu silandira mpweya wokwanira. Tikamapuma, mpweya umalowa m'mapapo. Kuchokera pamenepo, umalowa m'magazi kudzera m'matumba ang'onoang'ono a mpweya m'mapapo (otchedwa alveoli) ndi m'mitsempha yamagazi yabwino kwambiri (yotchedwa capillaries) yomwe imayenda pafupi. Magazi olemera mpweyawu amayenda m'thupi lonse ndikupereka mpweya ku minofu ina.

Mungaganizire za mpweya ngati anthu okwana biliyoni akufika pa eyapoti (monga mapapo anu). Amatengedwa kuchokera pamenepo ndikunyamulidwa pamsewu waukulu (monga magazi anu) kupita komwe akupita (monga minofu ya thupi lanu). Mpweya ukafika pamalo ake oyenera, umapatsa munthu wina , mpweya wa carbon dioxide . Mpweya wa carbon dioxide uwu ndi zinyalala. Umabwerera m'mapapo anu ndikutuluka m'thupi lanu mukatulutsa mpweya.

Choncho, ngati simukupeza mpweya wokwanira kwinakwake panjira, hypoxia ikhoza kuchitika. Izi zimafuna mpweya woyenda komanso magazi . Ndicho chifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mapapo ndi matenda a mtima ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga hypoxia. Timatchanso munthu amene akudwala hypoxia kuti "hypoxia."

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa Hypoxia ndi Hypoxemia ndi kotani?

Mwina munamvapo mawu awiriwa - hypoxia ndi hypoxemia - akugwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana. Koma si ofanana kwenikweni. Mayinawa ndi ofanana, zomwe zingakhale zosokoneza, chifukwa matenda onsewa amakhudza kusowa kwa mpweya, koma m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi.

• Hypoxia ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi lanu .
• Hypoxemia ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya m'magazi .

Kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi, koma sizimachitika nthawi zonse. Munthu akhoza kukhala ndi mpweya m'thupi popanda kukhala ndi mpweya m'thupi, ndipo mosiyana ndi zimenezo. Kodi mukumvetsa?

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha hypoxia?

Matenda aliwonse omwe amachepetsa mpweya m'magazi mwanu, kapena chilichonse chomwe chimalepheretsa kuyenda kwa magazi, chingayambitse hypoxia. Makamaka,

• COPD (Matenda Osatha a M'mapapo Oletsa Kutsekeka)
• Emphysema
• Mphumu

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima kapena mapapo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha hypoxia.

Komanso, matenda ena monga chibayo, fuluwenza, ndi COVID-19 angapangitse kuti chiopsezochi chiwonjezeke.

Kodi zotsatira ndi zizindikiro za hypoxia ndi ziti?

Mpweya wa okosijeni ndi wofunikira kuti maselo a thupi lathu apange mphamvu komanso kuti ziwalo ndi minofu yathu izigwira ntchito bwino. Ngakhale kuti minofu ina imatha kusintha kuti mpweya uchepe kwakanthawi, mpweya wochepa kwa nthawi yayitali ungawononge ziwalo. Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi mtima makamaka n'koopsa ndipo kungayambitse imfa. Tikutcha izi kuti kusowa kwa mpweya mu ubongo ndi cerebral hypoxia .

Zizindikiro za hypoxia zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu. Zimatengera kuopsa kwa vutoli, chomwe chimayambitsa, komanso ziwalo za thupi zomwe zakhudzidwa. Mpweya wanu ukachepa, mungamve ngati simungathe kupuma kapena kuganiza.

Nazi zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za hypoxia:

• Khalidwe losakhazikika komanso losakhazikika.
• Mutu.
• Kusokonezeka maganizo, kulephera kukonza maganizo a munthu.
• Mantha ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse.
• Kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira (madokotala amatcha izi tachycardia).
• Kupuma mwachangu (izi zimatchedwa tachypnea).
• Kuvuta kupuma kapena kupuma movutikira (izi zimatchedwa dyspnea).

Pamene hypoxia ikukulirakulira, zizindikiro zina zingawonekere:

• Kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono kwa mtima (bradycardia).
• Kusokonezeka kwambiri.
• Kusanduka kwa buluu kwa khungu, milomo, ndi misomali (kotchedwa cyanosis). Ichi ndi chizindikiro choopsa kwambiri.

Chofunika: Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi zifukwa zazikulu za hypoxia ndi ziti?

Hypoxia nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha matenda omwe amakhudza kuyenda kwa magazi kapena kupuma. Matenda ena omwe angayambitse hypoxia ndi awa:

• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi - kusowa kwa magazi m'thupi.
• Mphumu.
• Bronchitis - kutupa kwa machubu a bronchial.
• COPD (Matenda Osatha a M'mapapo Oletsa Kutsekeka) - Matenda a m'mapapo a nthawi yayitali.
• Zilema za mtima zobadwa nazo.
• Matenda ena a mtima (Congestive heart failure).
• Emphysema - kuwonongeka kwa matumba a mpweya m'mapapo.
• Chibayo - Chingayambitsidwe ndi mabakiteriya kapena mavairasi.
• Mpweya wodzaza malo ozungulira mapapo kapena kugwa kwa mapapo (Pneumothorax).
• Kutupa kwa mapapo.
• Kutuluka kwa mpweya m'mapapo.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo.
• Kutupa kwa mapapo - kuvulala kwa mapapo.
• Kulephera kupuma mokwanira.

Musachite mantha ndi mndandandawu. Si aliyense amene ali ndi chimodzi mwa izi amene adzadwala hypoxia, koma chiopsezo chilipo.

Pali mitundu ikuluikulu 4 ya hypoxia:

Kuti maselo m'thupi lathu alandire mpweya wabwino, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kukhala zolondola:

1. Mpweya umene timapuma uyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira.

2. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa mapapo n'kofunika kuti mpweya utengedwe kupita ku matumba athu a mpweya (`alveoli`).

3. Mukufunika mtima wabwino komanso dongosolo lozungulira magazi kuti munyamule magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri kupita ku minofu.

4. Payenera kukhala maselo ofiira okwanira kuti anyamule mpweya.

5. Maselo m'thupi ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mpweya.

Kusowa kwa mpweya m'malo aliwonse mwa awa kungayambitse mtundu umodzi mwa mitundu inayi ya hypoxia.

1. Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (Hypoxia)

Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa hypoxia . Izi zimachitika pamene mpweya m'magazi umachepa (wotchedwa hypoxemia). Vutoli lingayambitsidwe ndi matenda a m'mapapo ndi mtima, zilema za mtima zobadwa nazo, ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachedwetsa kupuma. Komanso, mukapita kudera lokwera kwambiri monga Nuwara Eliya, mpweya m'mlengalenga umakhala wochepa, zomwe zingayambitse hypoxemia, zomwe zingayambitse hypoxemia.

2. Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi

Izi zimatchedwanso kuti standalone hypoxia kapena ischemic hypoxia. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti magazi anu akhoza kukhala ndi mpweya wochuluka, koma ngati mtima wanu sukuyenda bwino, kapena ngati mtsempha wa magazi watsekedwa kwinakwake, mpweya umenewo sukufika m'maselo anu. Kulephera kwa mtima ndi magazi kuundana kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha mtundu uwu wa hypoxia.

3. Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (Anemic Hypoxia)

Tsopano, anthu ena amanena kuti ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kochepa, sichoncho? Izi zikutanthauza kuti alibe maselo ofiira okwanira. Maselo ofiira awa ndi omwe amanyamula mpweya kuchokera m'mapapo kupita ku thupi lonse. Chifukwa chake, ngati mulibe maselo ofiira okwanira onyamula mpweya, ndiko kuti, ngati muli ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, mtundu uwu wa hypoxia umachitika. Ngati thupi silipanga maselo ofiira okwanira, kapena ngati maselo ofiira omwe amapangidwa ali ofooka, kuchepa kwa magazi kungachitike.

4. Hypoxia yoopsa kwambiri

Izi ndi zosiyana pang'ono. Apa, mapapo anu akupeza mpweya wokwanira, ndipo magazi anu akuulandira. Koma pazifukwa zina, maselo omwe ali m'minofu sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito mpweyawo moyenera. Izi zikufanana ndi zomwe zingachitike mukameza poizoni monga cyanide. Ngakhale kuti maselowo akupeza mpweya, sangathe kuugwiritsa ntchito.

Kodi hypoxia imapezedwa bwanji?

Dokotala wanu adzakuyesani kaye, kumvetsera mtima ndi mapapo anu. Angayezenso khungu lanu, misomali, ndi milomo yanu ngati ili ndi buluu. Kuphatikiza apo, angafune mayeso ena kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'thupi lanu ndikupeza chomwe chimayambitsa hypoxia:

• Pulse Oximetry: Iyi ndi njira yosavuta komanso yopanda ululu. Kachipangizo kakang'ono kamayikidwa pa chala chanu. Kamayeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi mwanu. Mwina mwawonapo izi kambirimbiri.
• Kuyesa kwa mpweya m'magazi a mitsempha (ABG): Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga magazi pang'ono kuchokera m'mitsempha yamagazi yomwe ili m'dzanja lanu, mkono, kapena khosi pogwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi anu.
• Mayeso a Ntchito ya M'mapapo (PFT): Izi zimaphatikizapo kupuma ndi kutulutsa mpweya kudzera pakamwa polumikizidwa ndi makina. Zimayesa momwe mapapu anu akugwirira ntchito.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Mayeso monga X-ray, CT scans, ndi V/Q scans amajambula zithunzi za ziwalo zanu zamkati. Izi zingathandize kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa hypoxia.
• Mayeso Oyenda a Mphindi Zisanu ndi Chimodzi (6MWT): Mayesowa amayesa mtunda womwe mungayende m'malo athyathyathya kwa mphindi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Mayesowa angakupatseni lingaliro la momwe mapapo anu ndi mtima wanu zimagwirira ntchito.

Kodi hypoxia imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha hypoxia chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli . Chitha kukhala vuto la kamodzi kokha kapena matenda osatha. Njira zina zochiritsira ndi izi:

• Mankhwala omwe amatsegula njira zanu zopumira, monga ma steroid opumira, pochiza mphumu kapena matenda ena a m'mapapo.
• Mankhwala ochepetsa madzi ochulukirapo m'mapapo (otchedwa ``Diuretics'').
• Kugwiritsa ntchito chigoba cha CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) pochiza matenda a mphumu.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito BiPAP® (BiLevel Positive Airway Pressure) (yomwe nthawi zambiri imadziwika ndi dzina lodziwika bwino la BiPAP®) pa matenda a COPD ndi matenda ena a kupuma movutikira.
• Mpweya wowonjezera wa mpweya wochepa m'thupi (hypoxia) nthawi yayitali. Izi zimaphatikizapo kumangirira makina a mpweya, kaya kudzera mu chigoba kapena chubu, kumphuno yanu kuti mpweya wochuluka ufike m'mapapo ndi m'matumba a mpweya (alveoli).
• Ngati mpweya wachepa kwambiri m'thupi (acute hypoxia), mpweya wabwino umatha kuperekedwa kuchipatala.

Kodi ndingathe bwanji kuthana ndi zizindikiro za hypoxia?

Ngati mukumva kusakhazikika pa mapazi anu, kugunda kwa mtima wanu kapena kupuma kwanu kuli kofulumira, kapena misomali yanu, milomo, kapena khungu lanu likuoneka labuluu, muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo . Kodi mukudziwa chiyani? Hypoxia ndi vuto lomwe liyenera kuchiritsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Ngati sichoncho, nthawi zina lingawononge ziwalo zofunika m'thupi lathu.

Mu matenda a nthawi yayitali monga COPD, hypoxia iyi ikhoza kupitirira, koma zizindikiro sizingakhale zazikulu kwambiri. Pazochitika zotere, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani momwe mungathanirane ndi vuto lanu ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mpweya wochepa. Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro zatsopano. Ngati muwona china chilichonse chosiyana, uzani dokotala wanu.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha hypoxia?

Njira yabwino yochepetsera chiopsezo chanu cha hypoxia ndikuwongolera bwino matenda aliwonse omwe angakhale akuchepetsa mpweya m'thupi lanu. Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima kapena mapapo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zenizeni zochepetsera chiopsezo chanu.

Kumbukirani kuti mankhwala ena ndi zochitika zina monga kuyenda m'malo okwera kwambiri zimatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha hypoxia. Funsani dokotala wanu za njira zapadera zomwe muyenera kutsatira mukamapita kapena kusintha mankhwala.

Kodi ndikukhala bwanji ndi vutoli?

Hypoxia nthawi zambiri imafuna thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli komanso momwe mungathanirane nalo mtsogolo.

Nthawi zina, mpweya wochepa wa magazi umatha pamene vuto lomwe limayambitsa matendawa lachiritsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale kufunikira kwa mpweya wowonjezera. Komabe, nthawi zina, mpweya wowonjezera wa magazi ungafunike kuti mupewe mpweya wochepa wa magazi komanso kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa minofu chifukwa cha mpweya wochepa wa magazi. Dokotala wanu adzakambirana nanu njira zomwe zili zoyenera kwa inu.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi vuto linalake lomwe limayambitsa kapena lomwe lingayambitse hypoxia, kuthana ndi vutoli ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera chiopsezo choti libwerenso.

• Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro zatsopano. Ngati mukuona kuti pali vuto, khulupirirani zomwe mumachita ndipo kaonaneni ndi dokotala wanu kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) .
• Dzisamalireni nokha. Ngati muli ndi mphumu, dziwani zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Nthawi zonse tengani chopumira chopulumutsa, ngati dokotala wanu wakupatsani. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi opumira monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
• Pewani kusuta fodya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya.Ngati mukusuta fodya, kusiya kusuta kungathandize kuti mapapo anu azigwira bwino ntchito komanso kupewa kuwonongeka kwina.
• Imwani mankhwala aliwonse omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani molondola.
• Ngati mukupita ku mapiri okwera, konzani dongosolo. Ngakhale anthu omwe alibe matenda enaake omwe angakuvutitseni kupuma m'mapiri okwera. Mvetsetsani momwe izi zingakukhudzireni ndipo pangani dongosolo loti muzolowere kusinthaku. Ganiziraninso zomwe mungachite ngati mukufuna upangiri wa dokotala. Dzipatseni nthawi yokwanira yozolowera, ngati kuli kofunikira, ndikubweretsa zida kapena mankhwala ena owonjezera omwe mungafune.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Pangozi (ETU) liti?

Hypoxia ndi vuto lomwe lingathe kupha munthu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za hypoxia, kapena ngati ena awona kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa khalidwe lanu kapena chikumbumtima chanu (kusokonezeka, kusokonezeka, kusintha kwa chikumbumtima), pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo. Ngati muli ndi vuto lachipatala lomwe likupitilizabe ndipo zizindikiro zanu zachizolowezi zikuipiraipira mwadzidzidzi, kapena ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano zomwe mukuganiza kuti zingakhale hypoxia, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mwapezeka ndi hypoxia, nayi mafunso ena oti mufunse dokotala wanu:

• Dokotala, kodi hypoxia iyi imabwera chifukwa cha matenda ena oyambitsa vutoli?
• Kodi ndingathe bwanji kuthana ndi vuto langa kuti ndichepetse chiopsezo cha hypoxia?
• Kodi izi zawononga ziwalo zanga, kapena pakhala mavuto ena?
• Kodi ndikufunika kusintha moyo wanga kuti ndichepetse chiopsezo cha hypoxia?
• Kodi kusintha mapulani anga oyendera kapena mankhwala anga kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha hypoxia yanga?

Pomaliza, kumbukirani (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Hypoxia ndi vuto lomwe lingayambitse imfa, koma lingathe kuchiritsidwa mwamsanga. Ngati muli ndi vuto la mtima kapena mapapo lomwe limakuikani pachiwopsezo cha hypoxia, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa komanso zomwe mungachite ngati mukuganiza kuti mpweya wanu uli wochepa.

Kumbukirani, mumadziwa bwino thupi lanu. Choncho, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zimakudetsani nkhawa, musazengereze kuyimbira dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena kupita ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi (ETU) yapafupi. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Hypoxia , mpweya, kupuma movutikira, matenda a m'mapapo, matenda a mtima, zizindikiro, chithandizo