Kodi Dokotala wa Matenda Opatsirana ndi Ndani?

Mukakhala ndi chimfine kapena malungo, mumapita kwa dokotala wa banja lanu. Nthawi zambiri chimachira pakatha masiku awiri kapena atatu. Koma nthawi zina sichichira. Matenda ena ndi ovuta kwambiri, ovuta kuwazindikira, ndipo sayankha mankhwala wamba. Pamenepo ndi pomwe timafunikira thandizo la dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yake. Lero tikambirana za katswiri wotere. Ameneyo ndi Dokotala wa Matenda Opatsirana (ID), kapena monga momwe timanenera mu Chingerezi.

Kodi katswiri wa matenda opatsirana uyu ndi ndani?

Mwachidule, uyu ndi dokotala amene waphunzitsidwa mwapadera za matenda opatsirana, matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timalowa m'thupi mwathu. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timeneti ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tomwe sitingathe kuona ndi maso athu. Pali mitundu inayi makamaka.

• Mavairasi: Monga kachilombo ka coronavirus ndi kachilombo ka dengue.
• Mabakiteriya: Amayambitsa zinthu monga matenda a pakhosi ndi matenda a mkodzo.
• Bowa: Amayambitsa matenda a pakhungu monga mphutsi.
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Timayambitsa zinthu monga malungo ndi matenda a mphutsi.

Zamoyo zimenezi zili paliponse. Nthawi zina zimakhala m'thupi mwathu popanda kuyambitsa mavuto. Koma nthawi zina zimalowa m'thupi mwathu n'kutidwalitsa. Matendawa amatha kuyambira chimfine mpaka matenda oopsa.

Simukuyenera kuonana ndi katswiri pa matenda aliwonse omwe muli nawo. Dokotala wamba amatha kuchiza matenda ambiri ofala. Komabe, ngati matenda ndi osowa , ovuta , oopsa , kapena osatha , ndiye kuti mungafunike kuonana ndi katswiri.

Kodi ntchito ya madokotala odziwa bwino ntchito amenewa ndi yotani?

Madokotala awa ndi akatswiri pa matenda opatsirana, kasamalidwe, ndi kuchiza matenda opatsirana owopsa komanso osatha. Nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi akatswiri ena. Zina mwa ntchito zawo zazikulu ndi izi:

• Kuzindikira Matenda: Timathandiza kuzindikira matenda ovuta kuwazindikira, ovuta kuwazindikira komanso matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mavairasi.
• Kuzindikira kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa matendawa: Kudziwa bwino lomwe kachilombo, mabakiteriya, kapena chamoyo china chomwe chikuyambitsa zizindikiro zanu.
• Kufufuza:Tikufufuza momwe tizilombo toyambitsa matendati timakhudzira ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi lathu komanso momwe timakhudzira anthu.
• Kumvetsetsa matenda atsopano: Amadziwa nthawi zonse za matenda omwe akubwera padziko lapansi komanso mavairasi omwe amasintha pakapita nthawi.
• Ukatswiri mu Mankhwala Opha Majeremusi ndi Katemera: Ali ndi chidziwitso chakuya cha Mankhwala Opha Majeremusi, Mankhwala Opha Majeremusi, ndi Katemera.

N’chifukwa chiyani mukutumizidwa kwa katswiri wa matenda opatsirana?

Kawirikawiri, dokotala wa banja lanu (Primary Care Doctor - PCP) kapena katswiri wina amene amakuthandizani adzakutumizirani kwa dokotala wamtunduwu. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimachititsa izi.

Tangoganizani kuti muli ndi ziphuphu zachilendo komanso zosaoneka bwino pakhungu lanu. Ngati dokotala wanu wa khungu akukayikira kuti ndi matenda osowa, angakutumizireni kwa katswiri wa matenda opatsirana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wina wakhala akudwala chibayo kwa nthawi yayitali, katswiri wa matenda opatsirana a m'mapapo angafunse katswiri wa matenda opatsirana.

Gome ili pansipa lingathe kufotokoza izi mozama.

Kodi matenda omwe amachizira nthawi zambiri ndi ati?

Pali matenda ambiri opatsirana padziko lonse lapansi. Nazi zina mwa matenda omwe akatswiri a matenda opatsirana nthawi zambiri amachiritsa:

• HIV/AIDS: Kachilombo ka HIV ndi Edzi.
• Chifuwa chachikulu (TB): Matenda a bakiteriya omwe amakhudza kwambiri mapapo.
• Chiwindi cha chiwindi B ndi C: Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi omwe amakhudza chiwindi.
• Matenda a Meningitis: Matenda oopsa omwe amayambitsa kutupa kwa nembanemba zomwe zimaphimba ubongo ndi msana.
• Matenda a Lyme: Matenda ofalitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa.
• Chibayo Chovuta: Matenda a m'mapapo omwe sayankha chithandizo chamankhwala wamba.
• Matenda a mafupa ndi mafupa: Ofanana ndi matenda a mafupa.
• Matenda opatsirana pogonana (STI): Matenda ovuta komanso ovuta kuwachiza.
• Clostridium difficile (C. diff): Matenda oopsa a m'matumbo.
• Mankhwala Oyendera: Matenda monga malungo, dengue, ndi typhoid.

Kodi muyenera kuyembekezera chiyani mukapita kwa dokotala uyu?

Mukapita kwa katswiri ngati uyu, adzakufunsani funso lofotokoza bwino mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala komanso zizindikiro zake. Mafunso ena omwe mungafunsidwe ndi awa:

• Zizindikiro: Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe muli nazo? Zinayamba liti? Kodi zikuipiraipira kapena zikuchepa?
• Mbiri ya zachipatala: Ndi matenda ati, opaleshoni, ndi mankhwala omwe mudadwalapo kale?
• Malo ndi moyo wanu: Kodi ntchito yanu ndi yotani? Kodi mwapita kulikonse posachedwapa, makamaka kudziko lina? Kodi muli ndi ziweto kunyumba kwanu? Kodi mumakhala nthawi yambiri panja?

Pambuyo pa mafunso awa, dokotala adzakuyesani mwakuthupi. Kenako, adzakulamulani kuti muyesedwe kangapo kuti mudziwe vuto lenileni.

Mayeso omwe angayitanitsa

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Yang'anani ngati muli ndi matenda, kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi, ndi ma antibodies ku majeremusi enaake.
• Kuyezetsa mkodzo: Kuzindikira zinthu monga matenda a mkodzo.
• Zitsanzo za ndowe: Yang'anani ngati pali matenda m'mimba kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Ma swab a pakhosi : Dziwani mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matenda a pakhosi.
• Kufufuza za minofu: Kutenga chidutswa cha minofu kuchokera pamalo omwe ali ndi kachilombo kuti akachione.
• Kujambula zithunzi: Kujambula zithunzi za X-ray, CT scans, ndi MRI scans zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuona momwe matendawa afalikira m'thupi.
• Kuboola msana/Kuboola msana: Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumachitika ngati pali kukayikira kuti pali matenda mu ubongo kapena msana (monga meningitis).

Kodi mumakhala bwanji katswiri wa matenda opatsirana?

Ulendo uwu ndi wautali kwambiri komanso wodzipereka. Madokotala awa ali ndi digiri ya udokotala monga madokotala ena, koma kuwonjezera apo, amaphunzira maphunziro apadera kwa zaka zambiri mu immunology ndi epidemiology.

• Immunology: Kuphunzira momwe chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe majeremusi amakhudzira chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Epidemiology: Sayansi yomwe imafufuza chifukwa chake matenda amafalikira komanso momwe amafalikira m'dera la anthu, komanso zinthu zomwe zimakhudza matendawa.

Mwachidule, amakhala zaka zingapo akuchita udokotala wamkati atamaliza maphunziro a udokotala, kenako akuphunzira zaka ziwiri kapena kuposerapo za matenda opatsirana. Chifukwa cha izi, ali ndi chidziwitso chochuluka cha majeremusi ndi momwe amakhudzira matupi athu.

Ngati muli ndi matenda opatsirana omwe dokotala wanu akuvutika kuwazindikira kapena kuwachiza, angakutumizireni kwa katswiri wa matenda opatsirana. Adzagwira ntchito ndi dokotala wanu ndi ena othandizira zaumoyo kuti athetse vuto lanu ndikukuthandizani kuti mukhale bwino.