Pamene kupuma kuli kovuta pang'ono, pamene chifuwa chikumva cholimba, kapena pamene wina ali ndi mphumu, inhaler imakhala ngati bwenzi lapamtima. Koma anthu ena amaopa kugwiritsa ntchito inhaler, ena amachita manyazi. Ndipotu, inhaler ndi chipangizo chamtengo wapatali kwambiri chachipatala chomwe chimathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo yathu ndikuletsa mavuto opuma. Kotero lero, tiyeni tipeze mayankho a mafunso onse okhudza inhaler iyi.
Mwachidule, kodi inhaler ndi chiyani?
Chopumira mpweya ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe mungachigwire m'manja mwanu. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutumiza mankhwala mwachindunji m'mapapu anu. Ntchito yayikulu ya mankhwalawa ndikutsegula njira zanu zopumira ndikuchepetsa kutupa m'mapapu anu. Angabwere ngati ufa wouma, kupopera koyezedwa, kapena nthunzi yofewa.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa inhaler ndi nebulizer?
Ngakhale zonsezi zimapereka mankhwala m'mapapo, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi. Taganizirani izi, chopumira ndi chinthu chomwe mungatenge kulikonse, ndi chaching'ono, ndipo n'chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Koma nebulizer ndi yayikulu pang'ono, ndipo imafuna magetsi kapena mabatire. Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana kumeneku momveka bwino.
| Mbali | Chopumira mpweya | Nebulizer |
|---|---|---|
| Kukula ndi kunyamulika | Kakang'ono, konyamulika. | Yaikulu, nthawi zambiri yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba kapena kuchipatala. |
| Mphamvu | Palibe magetsi kapena mabatire ofunikira. | Imagwira ntchito pamagetsi kapena batire. |
| Njira yoyendetsera | Imapereka mlingo wa mankhwala mwachangu, ndi kupuma kamodzi kapena kawiri. | Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kudzera mu chigoba kapena pakamwa kwa mphindi zingapo. |
Ndani ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito inhaler?
Mankhwala opumira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mapapo a nthawi yayitali monga mphumu ndi matenda osatha oletsa kupuma (COPD) . Apa tikambirana za mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mankhwala opumira:
1. Zopumira Zoletsa/Zowongolera: Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse kuti zipewe zizindikiro kuti zisachitike komanso kuti matendawa asamachitike.
2. Zopumira Zochepetsa/Zopulumutsa: Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mpumulo nthawi yomweyo mukadwala mphumu kapena matenda anu a COPD akakula, kutanthauza kuti, mukavutika kupuma mwadzidzidzi.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe mphumu, dokotala wanu angakulembeni mankhwala opumira matenda ena opumira monga bronchitis. Komabe, musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala opumira omwe adalembedwa kwa wina.
Mitundu ya ma inhalers ndi mankhwala omwe ali nawo
Pali mitundu ingapo ya zipangizo zopumira ndi mankhwala omwe ali nawo. Tiyeni tiwone chilichonse padera.
Mitundu yayikulu ya zipangizo zopumira
- Zopumira Zoyezera Mlingo (MDI): Izi ndi mtundu wa "puffer" womwe tonse timadziwa. Zili ndi mankhwala mu chidebe chopanikizika. Mukakanikiza izi, mlingo winawake wa mankhwala umatulutsidwa.
- Zopumira Ufa Wouma (DPI): Izi zili ndi mankhwala ngati ufa. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa m'mapapo mwanu mukapuma mpweya wozama komanso mwachangu.
- Zopumira Zofewa: Izi zimasintha mankhwala amadzimadzi kukhala nthunzi yopyapyala kwambiri ndikuzipereka ku mapapo.
Mitundu yayikulu ya mankhwala omwe ali mu inhalers
Tiyeni timvetse mitundu iyi ya mankhwala, ntchito zake, ndi zitsanzo zomwe zili mu tebulo ili.
| Mtundu wa mankhwala | Ntchito yaikulu | Mabokosi ogwiritsira ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| Ma bronchodilator Ogwira Ntchito Mwachidule (SABA/SAMA) | Amamasula minofu ya njira yopumira ndipo amapereka mpumulo mwachangu. | Pakagwa mwadzidzidzi (Rescue Inhaler). Mwachitsanzo: Albuterol |
| Mankhwala Opumira a Corticosteroids (ICS) | Kuchepetsa kutupa m'mapapo. | Kuletsa matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali (Preventer). Mwachitsanzo: Budesonide |
| Ma bronchodilator Ogwira Ntchito Kwanthawi Yaitali (LABA/LAMA) | Kutsegula njira yolowera mpweya kwa maola 12-24. | Kuchepetsa zizindikiro za tsiku ndi tsiku (osati pa nthawi yadzidzidzi). Mwachitsanzo: Salmeterol |
| Mankhwala Osakaniza | Mankhwala awiri kapena atatu omwe ali pamwambawa amaphatikizidwa pamodzi. | Kuti muwongolere bwino. Mwachitsanzo: Fluticasone/Salmeterol (Advair®) |
Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji inhaler moyenera?
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino inhaler yanu, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino. Pali kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa mtundu uliwonse wa inhaler, choncho onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu kapena namwino wophunzitsidwa bwino kuti akuwonetseni momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito komanso momwe mungachitire.
Nazi njira zonse:
1. Kukonzekera: Chotsani chivundikirocho mu inhaler. Ngati ndi MDI, chigwedezeni bwino. Mitundu ina ya DPI imafuna kuti muyike mlingo.
2. Pumulani mpweya: Pumulani mpweya wochuluka momwe mungathere kuchokera m'mapapu anu.
3. Kuyika chopumira mkamwa mwanu: Gwirani mwamphamvu chopumira mkamwa mwanu pakati pa milomo yanu.
4. Kumwa mankhwala mkati:
- Pa MDI (puffer): Kanikizani chidebecho mukamapuma pang'onopang'ono. Kusunga nthawi ndikofunikira kwambiri. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa ``spacer'' kuti izi zikhale zosavuta. Funsani dokotala wanu za izi.
- Kuti mupeze DPI (ufa): Pumirani mpweya mwachangu komanso mozama. Mumapuma mpweyawo ndi mpweya wanu.
5. Kugwira mpweya: Mukatha kumwa mankhwala, gwiritsani mpweya wanu kwa masekondi pafupifupi 10 ngati n'kotheka. Izi zimapatsa mankhwala nthawi yoti afike m'mapapo moyenera.
6. Tsukani pakamwa panu (chofunika kwambiri!): Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira okhala ndi ma steroid (ICS), tsukani pakamwa panu bwino ndi madzi mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuwalavula. Izi zingathandize kupewa thrush mkamwa mwanu.
Zoopsa ndi zinthu zomwe muyenera kudziwa
Ngakhale kuti mankhwala opumira ndi otetezeka kwambiri, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kudziwa.
- Ndikoopsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kutupa kwa bronchodilator (LABA) okha pa mphumu popanda mankhwala oletsa kutupa a steroid (ICS).
- Pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo chowonjezeka pang'ono cha matenda a chibayo mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira a ICS a COPD. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
- Nthawi zambiri, zoopsa zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika inhaler , choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kuphunzira njira yoyenera.
- Ngati mukudabwa kuti, "Kodi ndi mankhwala angati opumira omwe ali ochuluka kwambiri mu inhaler yanu?", yankho ndi lakuti , "Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochulukirapo kuposa omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani." Ngati mukuona kuti simukupeza mlingo wokwanira wa mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa, zingatanthauze kuti vuto lanu silikuyendetsedwa bwino. Pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Ndiyenera kukaonananso ndi dokotala liti?
Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikutha bwino, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala. Kodi nthawi zimenezo ndi ziti?
- Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito `Rescue Inhaler` yanu kuposa kawiri pa sabata.
- Ngati mudzuka usiku chifukwa cha vuto lopuma.
- Ngati zikukuvutani kugwiritsa ntchito inhaler yomwe mwapatsidwa.
- Ngati mankhwala sachepetsa zizindikiro.
Musachite mantha kapena manyazi kukambirana zonsezi ndi dokotala wanu. Mwina mtundu wina wa inhaler kapena mankhwala ena angakhale abwino kwa inu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala opumira mpweya ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira mtima ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Musawaope.
- Ngati mwapatsidwa mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala opumira (Preventer ndi Reliever), dziwani kusiyana pakati pa awiriwa ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.
- Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala wanu kuti akuuzeni njira yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito inhaler yanu.
- Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito inhaler yokhala ndi ma steroids (ICS), onetsetsani kuti mwatsuka pakamwa panu ndikutulutsa madzi.
- Ngati mukuona kuti zizindikiro zanu sizikuthetsedwa, musasinthe mlingo wa mankhwala anu nokha, koma onani dokotala wanu.
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