Kodi ma interferon ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri za chitetezo ichi m'matupi athu!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo kuti tili ndi gulu laling'ono lankhondo mkati mwa matupi athu lolimbana ndi matenda? Pali gulu lotere. Ndilo chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Gulu ili lili ndi "amithenga" apadera omwe amadziwa nthawi yomwe matenda akubwera ndipo amatumiza uthenga kwa ena za matendawa. Amithenga amenewo ndi omwe timawatcha ma interferon. Lero tikulankhula za ma interferon odabwitsa awa.

Mwachidule, kodi ma interferon awa ndi chiyani?

Ma Interferon ndi mapuloteni apadera opangidwa ndi maselo athu, makamaka chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Kunena zoona, awa ndi "mapuloteni odziwitsa." Kachilombo kapena kachilombo kamene kamalowa m'thupi mwathu, kapena maselo a khansa akayamba kukula, maselo a thupi lathu amapanga ma interferon awa ndikuuza maselo ena kuti, "Apa pakubwera mdani, konzekerani nkhondo!"

Izi zimatchedwa "interferon" chifukwa "zimasokoneza" ntchito ya majeremusi monga mavairasi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zimaletsa mavairasi kuti asachuluke m'thupi, kutanthauza kuti, asafalikire.

Koma chodabwitsa n’chakuti, asayansi akwanitsa kupanga interferon iyi, yomwe imapangidwa mwachilengedwe m’thupi lathu, m’labu. Interferon yopangidwa mwanjira imeneyi idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a mitundu ina ya khansa mu 1986. Kuyambira pamenepo, interferon iyi yopangidwa yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana.

Ndiye kodi izi zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Tangoganizani kuti kachilombo kalowa m'thupi mwanu. Nthawi yomweyo, maselo monga maselo athu oyera amagazi amatulutsa interferon iyi. Interferon iyi imapita ndikutumiza chizindikiro ku maselo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, komanso ku maselo athanzi ozungulira iwo.

Chizindikiro ichi chikalandiridwa, njira zodzitetezera mkati mwa maselo amenewo zimayatsidwa. Zimatumizanso uthenga kwa "asilikali" ena mu chitetezo chathu chamthupi (monga mtundu wina wa puloteni wotchedwa cytokines) kuti, "Pali vuto apa, bwerani mudzawononge mdani uyu."

Izi ndi zomwe interferon yopangidwa yomwe madokotala amapereka ngati chithandizo imachita.

• Zimalimbitsa chitetezo chathu chamthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiziukira maselo a khansa kapena mavairasi.
• Zimaletsa maselo a khansa ndi mavairasi kuti asagawanike, kutanthauza kuti, kukula.
• Zimathandiza kuteteza maselo athanzi ku matenda.

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ma interferon.

1. Interferon-alpha

2. Interferon-beta

3. Interferon-gamma

Ngakhale kuti mtundu wotchedwa Interferon-lambda wapezeka posachedwapa, ukadali mu gawo lofufuza.

Ndi matenda ati omwe amachiritsidwa ndi interferon?

Mtundu uliwonse wa interferon umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili. Ndapanga tebulo ili kuti chidziwitsochi chimveke mosavuta.

Kodi chithandizochi chimaperekedwa bwanji?

Dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amakupatsirani mankhwala a interferon ngati jakisoni . Angakupatsidwe ngati jakisoni m'minofu yanu, kapena pansi pa khungu lanu. Nthawi zina angakupatsidwe ngati jakisoni m'mitsempha yomwe ili m'dzanja lanu.

Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimaperekedwa kuchipatala kapena ku chipatala. Komabe, nthawi zina, dokotala kapena namwino adzakuphunzitsani momwe mungadzipatsire jakisoni kunyumba. Ngati mutero, mudzaphunzitsidwa bwino momwe mungakonzekerere ndi jakisoni wa mankhwala.

Mtundu wa interferon yomwe mukupatsidwa, mlingo, nthawi yomwe muyenera kumwa, komanso kangati pa sabata yomwe muyenera kumwa zidzadalira matenda anu. Chisankho chimenecho chidzapangidwa ndi dokotala amene akukuthandizani.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za chithandizochi ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse, mankhwala a interferon ali ndi ubwino komanso zoopsa za zotsatirapo zina.

Ubwino waukulu wa chithandizochi

Mwachidule, chithandizochi chimalimbitsa chitetezo chachilengedwe cha thupi lathu ndipo chimathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda.

• Zimathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi kupeza ndi kuukira maselo a khansa ndi mavairasi.
• Zimaletsa maselo a khansa ndi mavairasi kuti asafalikire ndikukula m'thupi.
• Zimaletsa matenda kufalikira ku maselo athanzi.

Zotsatirapo zomwe zingatheke

Zotsatirapo zina zingachitike mukatenga mankhwala a interferon. Zambiri mwa izi zimakhala zakanthawi kochepa.

Anthu ambiri amamva zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine maola angapo atalandira jakisoni. Izi zitha kukhala kwa maola pafupifupi 24. Komabe, mungakumanenso ndi izi:

• Mutu
• Kupweteka kwa thupi ndi kupweteka kwa minofu
• Kuzizira
• Kusanza ndi nseru
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri (Kutopa)

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi ziphuphu pakhungu, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, komanso kutaya tsitsi (alopecia).

Matenda aakulu omwe amafunika chisamaliro chapadera

Kuwonjezera pa zotsatirapo zazing'ono zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, palinso mavuto ena akuluakulu omwe samachitika kawirikawiri ndi mankhwala a interferon, koma tiyenera kuwadziwa . Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa matenda awa, ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu za matendawo musanayambe mankhwala a interferon.

• Mavuto a mtima: Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kochepa kapena kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha pambuyo pa chithandizochi. Ngati muli kale ndi vuto la mtima, dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani mosamala kwambiri.

• Mavuto a thanzi la maganizo:Odwala ena omwe amalandira chithandizochi adakumana ndi maganizo odzipha kapena kuvutika maganizo. Ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda amisala, dokotala wanu nthawi zonse aziyang'anira thanzi lanu la maganizo panthawi ya chithandizochi. Ngati mukumva nkhawa kapena kupsinjika maganizo, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

• Matenda a maso: Ngati muli ndi vuto la maso, monga retinopathy yokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga, interferon ingapangitse kuti vutoli liwonjezeke. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyezedwe maso nthawi zonse musanayambe komanso panthawi ya chithandizo.

• Matenda a chithokomiro: Anthu ena ali ndi chithokomiro chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso (hyperthyroidism) kapena chithokomiro chogwira ntchito moperewera (hypothyroidism). Dokotala wanu adzayesa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro chanu asanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

• Matenda a m'mapapo: Ngati muli ndi matenda a m'mapapo monga bronchitis kapena chibayo, mankhwalawa angapangitse kuti matendawo achuluke kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu adzakusungani nthawi zonse.