Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo momwe matupi athu amalimbana ndi mdani ngati kachilombo akalowa m'thupi mwathu? Matupi athu ali ndi chitetezo chodabwitsa. Chimodzi mwa 'zothandizira zizindikiro' zofunika kwambiri mu dongosololi chimatchedwa interferon. Awa kwenikweni ndi mapuloteni omwe matupi athu amapanga okha. Komanso, interferon yopangidwa mwaluso imaperekedwa ngati mankhwala ngati mankhwala a matenda ena. Tiyeni tikambirane izi m'njira yosavuta lero.
Mwachidule, kodi interferon ndi chiyani?
Tangoganizani kuti thupi lathu ndi mzinda waukulu. Mzindawu uli wotetezedwa ndi gulu lankhondo lotchedwa chitetezo chamthupi. Tsopano mdani, monga kachilombo kapena selo la khansa, amalowa mumzindawu. Panthawiyo, maselo (monga maselo oyera a magazi) omwe ali m'dera lomwe mdaniyu ali, amatulutsa chizindikiro chochenjeza. Puloteni yomwe imapereka chizindikirocho imatchedwa interferon.
Dzinali ndi losangalatsa kwambiri. Izi "zimasokoneza" majeremusi ngati mavairasi kuti achuluke m'thupi, kutanthauza kuti asapatsire matenda. Ndicho chifukwa chake amatchedwa 'interferon'.
Kotero, ngakhale izi zimapangidwa mwachilengedwe m'thupi lathu, zimapangidwanso ndi asayansi m'ma laboratories ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a matenda osiyanasiyana. Interferon idapangidwa koyamba mwanjira iyi mu 1986 kuti ichize mitundu ina ya khansa.
Kodi interferon imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Ma Interferon ndi ngati mzere woyamba wa chitetezo m'thupi lathu. Selo likagwidwa ndi kachilombo, selo limenelo limapanga ma interferon ndipo limatumiza chenjezo ku maselo athanzi ozungulira. Monga ngati akunena kuti, "Apa pakubwera mdani, yambitsaninso chitetezo chanu!"
Chizindikiro ichi chikalandiridwa, maselo ena amakonzekeranso kulimbana ndi kachilomboka. Interferon imapemphanso asilikali ena omwe ali mu chitetezo chathu chamthupi (monga mtundu wina wa mapuloteni otchedwa cytokines) kuti alowe nawo mu nkhondoyi.
Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika ndi interferon yoperekedwa mwadala.
- Imauza chitetezo cha mthupi kuti "chiwononge maselo awa."
- Zimaletsa maselo a khansa ndi mavairasi kuti asagawane ndikufalikira.
- Zimathandiza maselo athanzi kumenyana ndi matenda.
Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ma interferon.
- Interferon-alpha
- Interferon-beta
- Interferon-gamma
Ndi matenda ati omwe amachiritsidwa ndi interferon ngati mankhwala?
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma interferon imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Onani tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti mupeze kufotokozera kosavuta kumva.
| Mtundu wa interferon | Matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa |
|---|---|
| Interferon-alpha |
|
| Interferon-beta | Pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda odziteteza okha otchedwa Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa m'mitsempha muubongo ndi msana. |
| Interferon-gamma |
|
Kodi chithandizochi chimaperekedwa bwanji?
Dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amakupatsirani mankhwalawa ngati jakisoni pansi pa khungu kapena minofu . Nthawi zina amathanso kuperekedwa ngati jakisoni mumtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Koma nthawi zina, dokotala wanu kapena namwino amakuphunzitsani momwe mungadzipatsire jakisoni kunyumba.
Mtundu wa mankhwala operekedwa, mlingo, ndi nthawi yomwe amaperekedwa zidzadalira matenda anu.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi zoopsa zake ndi ziti zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala a interferon?
Monga mankhwala aliwonse amphamvu, mankhwala a interferon akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa komanso zovuta zina. Koma kumbukirani kuti dokotala wanu akukulangizani chithandizochi chifukwa ubwino wake ndi woposa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
Musaope kukambirana momasuka za zotsatirapo zilizonsezi ndi dokotala wanu kuti athe kuchitapo kanthu kofunikira.
| Zotsatira zoyipa zofala komanso mavuto omwe angakhale aakulu | |
|---|---|
| Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe anthu ambiri amakumana nazo | |
| Zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine | Zizindikiro monga malungo, kuzizira, kupweteka kwa thupi, mutu, ndi nseru zimatha kuchitika maola angapo mutamwa mankhwala. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha mkati mwa maola 24. |
| Zotsatira zina zoyipa | Ziphuphu pakhungu, kutopa kwambiri, kutayika kwa tsitsi (alopecia), kusowa chilakolako cha kugonana, komanso kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa amuna kungachitike. |
| Mavuto akuluakulu omwe amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera | |
| Mavuto a mtima | Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kochepa, kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha kapena kuthamanga kwa mtima. Dokotala wanu adzakuda nkhawa kwambiri ngati muli ndi vuto la mtima. |
| Mavuto amisala | Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi nkhawa kapena maganizo oipa okhudza moyo. Ngati muli kale ndi vuto la matenda amisala, dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani mosamala panthawi ya chithandizochi. |
| Mavuto a maso | Ngati muli ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga otchedwa diabetesic retinopathy, mankhwalawa akhoza kuipitsa maso anu. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mukayeze maso anu musanayambe komanso panthawi ya chithandizo. |
| Mavuto a chithokomiro | Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi matenda monga chithokomiro chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso (hyperthyroidism) kapena chithokomiro chogwira ntchito moperewera (hypothyroidism). |
| Mavuto a m'mapapo | Ngati muli ndi matenda a m'mapapo monga bronchitis kapena chibayo, mankhwalawa akhoza kuwawonjezera. |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Interferon ndi njira yachilengedwe yodzitetezera m'thupi lathu yomwe imalimbana ndi majeremusi ndi maselo a khansa.
- Interferon, yopangidwa m'ma laboratories, ndi mankhwala amphamvu a matenda akuluakulu monga chiwindi, multiple sclerosis (MS), ndi khansa zina.
- Mankhwalawa angayambitse zotsatirapo zina, monga kutentha thupi. Palinso chiopsezo chochepa cha mavuto aakulu. Ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.
- Khalani omasuka kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za kusasangalala kulikonse kapena zotsatirapo zina zomwe mungakumane nazo.
- Musasinthe mlingo kapena kusiya kumwa mankhwala anu popanda upangiri wa dokotala. Dokotala wanu wasankha chithandizo ichi kuti chikhale bwino kwa inu.
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