Kodi muli ndi matenda a shuga? Muyenera kudziwa za matenda oopsa otchedwa DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis)

Kodi ndinu munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga? Ndiye muyenera kukhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu, sichoncho? Koma kodi mwamvapo za matenda oopsa kwambiri omwe angakhale oopsa kwa moyo omwe amabwera ndi matenda a shuga? Ndicho chimene tikukamba lero. Izi zimatchedwa matenda a shuga a Diabetic Ketoacidosis , kapena (DKA) mwachidule. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti chitetezo chanu chidziwike bwino za izi.

Mwachidule, kodi DKA ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, tiyeni tinene motere. Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amathandiza maselo a thupi lathu kugwiritsa ntchito shuga, kapena shuga, kuti apeze mphamvu. Munthu wodwala matenda a shuga akapanda insulin yokwanira, kapena insulin yomwe ali nayo ikapanda kugwira ntchito bwino, maselowo sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito shuga m'magazi.

Kenako thupi lathu limaganiza kuti, "Aa, mphamvu zanga zikundithera." Choncho thupi limagwiritsa ntchito njira ina yopangira mphamvu. Ndiko kuwotcha mafuta m'thupi. Mafuta akatenthedwa motere, mankhwala otchedwa ma ketone amatulutsidwa m'magazi ngati chinthu chowonjezera. Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi ma ketone ena. Koma pamene njirayi siiyendetsedwa chifukwa palibe insulin, ma ketone ambiri amasonkhana m'magazi. Ma ketone awa ndi mtundu wa asidi. Chifukwa chake, akamasonkhana m'magazi, magazi athu amakhala acid.

Ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu nthawi zambiri amakhala oposa 240 mg/dL , ndi bwino kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa ketone m'magazi anu maola 4-6 aliwonse. Shuga m'magazi woposa 250 mg/dL amaonedwa kuti ndiye chiyambi cha DKA. Ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu uli kunja kwa mlingo woyenera, lankhulani ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo .

Kodi muyenera kupita kuchipatala chadzidzidzi liti (ETU)?

Ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi 300 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo ndipo sikutsika, kapena ngati mukupitiriza kusanza, kumva kutopa kwambiri, kapena kukhala ndi zizindikiro za DKA monga kuvutika kupuma, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa yapafupi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi Ketoacidosis ndi Ketosis ndi zinthu zosiyana?

Inde, ngakhale kuti mawu awiriwa amamveka ofanana, ndi njira ziwiri zosiyana kwambiri.

• Ketosis: Izi zimachitika mukadya zakudya zokhala ndi chakudya chochepa (monga buledi, mpunga, pasitala) (monga ketosis). Kenako thupi limawotcha mafuta kuti lipeze mphamvu. Apanso, ma ketone amapangidwa, koma zimachitika mwanjira yowongoleredwa. Chifukwa chakuti thupi lili ndi insulin yokwanira. Ketosis si vuto loopsa.
• Ketoacidosis (DKA):Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa insulin. Ma ketones amaunjikana mosalamulirika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi akhale ndi asidi. Izi zimaika moyo pachiswe.

Kodi zizindikiro za DKA ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za DKA zimatha kuonekera mwachangu. Nthawi zina, munthu amayamba kupezeka ndi matenda a shuga akakhala ndi DKA. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zizindikirozi.

Kodi zifukwa zazikulu za DKA ndi ziti?

Ngakhale chifukwa chachikulu cha DKA ndi kusowa kwa insulin, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingayambitse vutoli.

• Kusamwa insulin moyenera: Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka ngati simumwa mlingo wa insulin womwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani pa nthawi yake kapena ngati mwadumpha mlingo. Nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yotha ntchito kungakhalenso chifukwa.
• Matenda: Mukakhala ndi malungo, chimfine, matenda a mkodzo (UTI), kapena chibayo, thupi lanu limapanga mahomoni opsinjika (monga cortisol ndi adrenaline). Mahomoni amenewa amasokoneza ntchito ya insulin. Chifukwa chake, mumakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza DKA masiku omwe mukudwala.
• Zotsatira zina pa thupi: Chiwopsezo cha DKA chimawonjezekanso chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo m'thupi, monga kuchitidwa opaleshoni, kukhala pangozi, kapena kukhala ndi matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko.
• Matenda a shuga osapezeka: Anthu omwe sadziwa kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga, makamaka omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1, akhoza kudwala matenda a shuga otchedwa DKA.
• Zina zomwe zimayambitsa: Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kutenga mimba, ndi mankhwala ena (monga corticosteroids) zingayambitsenso DKA. Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwala atsopano.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji DKA kuti isakule?

Mwamwayi, DKA ndi vuto lopewedwa, ndipo chofunika kwambiri ndikuwongolera bwino matenda anu a shuga.

Nazi zina mwa zinthu zomwe mungachite pa izi:

• Yesani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu nthawi zonse: Yesani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu kangapo patsiku, monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Yesetsani kuti musapitirire kuchuluka komwe kumalangizidwa.
• Imwani mankhwalawo molondola:Imwani mankhwala a insulin kapena mankhwala ena a shuga panthawi yoyenera, mu mlingo woyenera. Musamadumphe mlingo.
• Idyani bwino: Tsatirani ndondomeko ya chakudya yomwe mwapatsidwa.
• Imwani madzi ambiri: Imwani madzi ambiri opanda shuga.
• Konzani masiku omwe mudwala: Lankhulani ndi dokotala pasadakhale za momwe mungayezere shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi kuchuluka kwa ketone mukakhala ndi malungo kapena chimfine, komanso ngati muyenera kusintha mlingo wa insulin yanu.
• Yang'anani ma ketone: Yang'anani ma ketone nthawi iliyonse shuga wanu m'magazi uli pamwamba pa 240 mg/dL. Mutha kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito mipiringidzo ya mkodzo kapena ma glucometer.
• Konzekerani zadzidzidzi: Konzani pasadakhale zomwe mungachite komanso komwe mungapite ngati zizindikiro za DKA zikuwonekera.

Kodi chithandizo cha DKA kuchipatala ndi chiyani?

Mukapita ku ETU muli ndi zizindikiro za DKA, madokotala amachitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti athetse vuto lanu. Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimaperekedwa kuchipatala.

1. Madzi olowa m'mitsempha: Mchere umaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kuti uchepetse kutaya madzi m'thupi ndikukonza bwino magazi.

2. Insulini: Insulini imaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kuti imitse kupanga maketoni ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

3. Kubwezeretsa Electrolyte: DKA imapangitsa thupi kutaya mchere wofunikira (electrolytes) monga sodium ndi potaziyamu. Popeza izi ndizofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa mtima, minofu, ndi mitsempha, zimasinthidwa kudzera mu saline.

4. Chithandizo cha matenda: Ngati chomwe chimayambitsa DKA ndi matenda, maantibayotiki amaperekedwa.

Vutoli nthawi zambiri limatha kuthetsedwa mkati mwa maola 24, koma ngati vutoli ndi lalikulu, lingatenge nthawi yayitali.