Kodi vuto la ziwengo ndi chiyani?

Tonse tamvapo mawu akuti ziwengo, sichoncho? Koma mwina mukudabwa kuti ziwengo ndi chiyani kwenikweni komanso chifukwa chake zimachitika.

Mwachidule, vuto la ziwengo ndi pamene chitetezo cha mthupi lathu, chitetezo cha mthupi , chimachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso ku chinthu chomwe nthawi zambiri sichimativulaza. Taganizirani izi ngati alonda m'thupi lathu. Ntchito yawo ndi kutiteteza ku adani monga majeremusi omwe amayambitsa matenda. Koma chomwe chimachitika mu vuto la ziwengo ndichakuti alonda awa amakhala ndi mantha pang'ono ndikuyamba kuukira chinthu chomwe sichili mdani weniweni. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chitetezo cha mthupi chimachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso ndipo timakumana ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana tikakhala ndi vuto la ziwengo.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa ziwengo? Timatcha izi kuti ziwengo.

Zinthu zimenezi timazitcha kuti zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo . Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo. Ngakhale kuti anthu ena sangavutike nazo, kwa munthu amene ali ndi ziwengo, zimatha kukhala vuto lalikulu.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe allergens izi ndi:

• Zinthu zomwe zimalowa mukamapuma:
• Mungu : Mwina mwazindikira kuti nthawi zina maluwa akamaphuka, zinthu zazing'ono ngati ufa zimatulutsidwa mumlengalenga kuchokera ku mitengo. Zimenezi zimatchedwa mungu. Anthu ambiri ali ndi vuto la mungu uwu.
• Nthata za fumbi: Izi ndi zolengedwa zazing'ono kwambiri zomwe sizioneka. Zimakhala m'fumbi la m'nyumba zathu, m'mabedi, mapilo, ndi matiresi.
• Matenda a ziweto: Anthu ena ali ndi vuto la ziweto chifukwa cha zinthu zimenezi zomwe zimachokera ku nyama monga amphaka ndi agalu.
• Nkhungu: Nkhungu yomwe imapangika pamakoma m'malo onyowa ingayambitsenso ziwengo.
• Mitundu ya zakudya ndi zakumwa:
• Zakudya zina zingayambitsenso ziwengo. Mwachitsanzo, mkaka, mazira , mtedza monga mtedza, cashews, soya, tirigu, nsomba, shrimp, ndi squid ndizomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo. Komabe, ziwengo zimatha kuchitikanso ku chakudya china chilichonse kupatula izi.
• Kulumidwa ndi tizilombo:
• Anthu ena amakhalanso ndi ziwengo zoopsa chifukwa cha poizoni wochokera ku nyama monga njuchi ndi mavu.
• Mitundu ya mankhwala:
• Mankhwala ena, monga maantibayotiki monga penicillin, angayambitsenso ziwengo.
• Zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa:
• Mankhwala ena, monga latex (omwe amapezeka m'zinthu monga magolovesi), ndi zitsulo monga nickel (omwe amapezeka m'zodzikongoletsera zina), angayambitsenso ziwengo akakhudza khungu.

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani m’thupi lanu mukakhala ndi vuto la ziwengo?

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti izi zimachitika bwanji munthu akalowa m'thupi chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.

Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika: Pamene chinthu choyambitsa matenda (monga mungu) chilowa m'thupi la munthu amene ali ndi matenda a ziwengo, chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimaganiza kuti ndi mdani wamkulu. Kenako chimapanga mtundu wapadera wa antibody wotchedwa IgE motsutsana ndi 'mdani' uyu. Ma antibodies a IgE amenewa amapita ndi kukakamira ku mtundu wa selo m'thupi lathu lotchedwa mast cells .

Nthawi ina yomwe allergen yomweyo ikakumana ndi thupi, imamangirira ku ma antibodies a IgE omwe ali pa mast cells. Ma mast cells 'amaphulika' ndikutulutsa mankhwala ambiri monga histamine . Histamine imeneyo ndi yomwe imayambitsa zizindikiro zambiri za allergy, monga kuyabwa, kufiira , mphuno yotuluka madzi, ndi maso otuluka madzi.

Mwachidule: allergen -> IgE antibodies -> mast cells -> histamine -> zizindikiro za allergy

Kodi zizindikiro za ziwengo ndi ziti? Onani ngati muli nazonso

Zizindikiro za ziwengo zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu ndi munthu. Zimasiyananso malinga ndi mtundu wa ziwengo zomwe zili m'thupi komanso momwe zidalowera m'thupi. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino:

• Zizindikiro za kupuma:
• Kutsimula pafupipafupi.
• Mphuno yotuluka madzi (ngakhale popanda chimfine).
• Kutsekeka kwa mphuno.
• Chifuwa cholimba, kupuma movutikira (izi ndi zizindikiro za mphumu)(Zingakhalenso zogwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika).
• Kukuyabwa pakhosi, kusintha kwa mawu.
• Anthu ena amatchanso izi Hay Fever kapena Allergic Rhinitis .

• Zizindikiro za Khungu:
• Khungu loyabwa.
• Kuyabwa ndi kufiira kwa khungu ( Urticaria kapena Hives ).
• Khungu louma, lotupa, komanso lotupa (izi zitha kuchitikanso ndi matenda monga eczema ).

• Zizindikiro za Maso:
• Kufiira kwa maso.
• Maso oyabwa.
• Misozi ikutuluka m'maso.
• Kutupa, mdima pansi pa maso.

• Zizindikiro za m'mimba – (makamaka pa ziwengo za chakudya):
• Kusanza, kusanza.
• Kupweteka m'mimba, kutupa.
• Kutupa (kutsegula m'mimba).
• Kutupa, kuyabwa pakamwa, pamilomo, pakamwa kapena pakhosi.

• Zina mwazinthu:
• Makutu akuyabwa, kumva kukakamizidwa mkati mwa makutu.
• Mutu.
• Kutopa, kutopa.

Choopsa kwambiri cha ziwengo: Anaphylaxis

Nthawi zina ziwengo zimatha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri. Timazitcha kuti anaphylaxis . Izi ndi zoopsa zomwe zingawononge moyo. Chomwe chimachitika ndichakuti thupi lonse limachitapo kanthu nthawi imodzi.

Zizindikiro za anaphylaxis ndi izi:

• Kutupa mwadzidzidzi kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime, ndi pakhosi.
• Kupuma movutikira, kufinya chifuwa.
• Kukomoka/kuzunguzika mutu, kumva ngati kuti mwatsala pang'ono kutaya chikumbumtima.
• Kugunda kwa mtima.
• Khungu lozizira, thukuta.
• Kusanza, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba.

Anaphylaxis ndi vuto ladzidzidzi lachipatala. Ngati mukumva zizindikirozi, muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Madokotala amalangiza anthu omwe ali ndi ziwengo zoopsa kuti asunge jakisoni wa adrenaline (monga EpiPen) pafupi kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pazochitika zotere.

Kodi dokotala angadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto la ziwengo, chinthu chabwino kuchita ndikuonana ndi dokotala. Dokotalayo adzakufunsani mafunso okhudza zizindikiro zanu, monga nthawi yomwe zimachitika, zomwe mumachita, komanso ngati zikuipiraipira. Adzakufunsaninso ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi ziwengo, chifukwa nthawi zina ziwengo zimatha kuchitika m'mabanja.

Kenako, mayeso ena angachitike kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa ziwengo:

• Kuyesa Kubaya Khungu: Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono kwambiri chinthu chomwe chikuganiziridwa kuti ndi allergen pakhungu lanu (nthawi zambiri mkono kapena msana wanu) ndikuchibaya ndi singano yaying'ono. Ngati malo aliwonse afiira, kutupa, kapena kuyabwa mkati mwa mphindi 15-20, ndiye kuti muli ndi allergen ku chinthucho. Iyi ndi njira yofulumira komanso yosavuta yoyezera.
• Kuyezetsa Magazi: Nthawi zina, kwa anthu omwe sangathe kuyezetsa khungu (monga omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a pakhungu kapena omwe akumwa mankhwala enaake), kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika. Izi zimayesa kuti muwone ngati magazi anu ali ndi ma antibodies a IgE omwe atchulidwa kale motsutsana ndi zinthu zinazake zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo. Izi zimatchedwanso RAST test (Radioallergosorbent test), kapena Specific IgE test .

Mwa kuphatikiza zotsatira za mayesowa ndi zizindikiro zanu, dokotala angakuuzeni ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, ndi chiyani.

Kodi tingatani ngati tili ndi ziwengo? Kodi tingatani kuti tipewe izi?

Musachite mantha ngati mutapeza kuti muli ndi vuto la ziwengo. Ngakhale kuti n'zovuta kuchiza ziwengo kwathunthu, pali njira zambiri zochepetsera kusasangalala komwe kumayambitsa ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

1. Kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo:

Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Ngati mukudziwa bwino chomwe chimayambitsa ziwengo, chithandizo chabwino kwambiri ndi kupewa momwe mungathere.

• Ngati muli ndi vuto la fumbi, sungani nyumba yanu kukhala yoyera ndipo tsukani zofunda zanu nthawi zambiri m'madzi otentha.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la mungu, valani chigoba mukakhala panja muli mungu wambiri, ndipo sambani mukafika kunyumba.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la chakudya, pewani kudya chilichonse chomwe chili ndi chakudyacho. Werengani mosamala chizindikiro cha zosakaniza mukamagula chakudya kusitolo.

2. Mankhwala:

Madokotala amapereka mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti achepetse zizindikiro za ziwengo.

• Mankhwala oletsa kugwidwa ndi matenda a chifuwa: Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa nthawi zambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ziwengo. Amachepetsa kuyabwa, mphuno yotuluka madzi, ndi kuyetsemula komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha histamine. Amabwera ngati mapiritsi, madzi a m'mphuno, mankhwala opopera m'mphuno, ndi madontho a m'maso.
• Mankhwala a Corticosteroids:Awa ndi mankhwala amphamvu omwe amachepetsa kutupa. Amabwera ngati ma spray a m'mphuno, ma inhalers (kwa odwala mphumu), mafuta odzola, ndipo nthawi zina mapiritsi afupiafupi. Izi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
• Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutsekeka kwa Mphuno: Mankhwala ochepetsa kutsekeka kwa mphuno. Komabe, sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa nthawi zonse kwa masiku opitilira angapo.
• Mankhwala osinthira a Leukotriene: Mtundu wina wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mphumu ndi chimfine.

3. Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy:

Uwu ndi mankhwala a nthawi yayitali. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyamba ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri kwa allergen yomwe muli nayo ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwake, kaya mwa kuilowetsa m'thupi lanu ( majakisoni a allergy ) kapena kuipereka ngati mapiritsi pansi pa lilime lanu ( sublingual immunotherapy - SLIT ). Pakapita nthawi, thupi lanu limazolowera allergen ndipo silichitapo kanthu kwambiri. Izi sizigwira ntchito kwa aliyense, koma zimakhala bwino kwambiri kwa ena. Izi ziyenera kuchitika motsogozedwa ndi katswiri.

4. Chithandizo chadzidzidzi:

Monga tanenera kale, ngati pali vuto lalikulu la anaphylactic reaction, jakisoni wa adrenaline (monga EpiPen) ndi wopulumutsa moyo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti anthu omwe ali ndi ziwengo zazikulu azikhala ndi izi ndikudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti? Kodi ndani amene ali ndi vuto la ziwengo?

Ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa izi:

• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za ziwengo zomwe zimasokoneza zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Ngati mukufuna kudziwa bwino chomwe chimayambitsa ziwengo.
• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi za mphumu (chifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kufinya chifuwa).
• Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la chakudya.
• Ngati mwalumidwa ndi tizilombo ndipo mwakumana ndi vuto lalikulu.

Dokotala wamba amatha kuchiza matenda oyamba a ziwengo. Koma nthawi zina, ngati ziwengozo zili zovuta, zovuta kuzizindikira, kapena zovuta, mungatumizidwe kwa katswiri wa chitetezo chamthupi . Madokotala awa ndi ophunzitsidwa mwapadera kuzindikira ndi kuchiza ziwengo. Angathe kuchita zinthu monga kuyesa khungu ndi chithandizo cha chitetezo chamthupi.

Ndiye, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zonsezi? (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, takambirana zambiri zokhudza ziwengo tsopano, sichoncho? Pomaliza, nazi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira:

• Matenda a ziwengo si chinthu choopa, koma ndi chofunika kudziwa. Matenda a ziwengo ndi kungochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso ndi chitetezo cha mthupi chathu ku chinthu chomwe sichingavulaze.
• Gawo loyamba ndikupeza chomwe chimayambitsa ziwengo.
• Kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera. Pewani zinthu zomwe zingakuipitseni nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke.
• Pali mankhwala abwino oletsa zizindikiro. Gwiritsani ntchito monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
• Dziwani ngati pali vuto lalikulu lotchedwa anaphylaxis. Ndi vuto ladzidzidzi. Ngati zili choncho, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la ziwengo, sungani jakisoni wa adrenaline pafupi.
• N'zotheka kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wachimwemwe ndi ziwengo. Zimangofunika kuthana nazo bwino.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena kapena nkhawa, lankhulani ndi dokotala. Iwo alipo kuti akuthandizeni.