Nyongolotsi m'diso? Yapita, sichoncho? Tiyeni tikambirane za 'Loiasis' iyi!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo zowona nyongolotsi yaying'ono ikuyendayenda m'diso lanu? Imakupangitsani kunjenjemera mukungoganizira za izo, sichoncho? Koma, izi ndi zenizeni. Izi ndi zomwe madokotala amatcha 'Loiasis'. Anthu ena amatchanso 'African eyeworms.' Lero, tiyeni tikambirane zambiri za matendawa, matenda a nyongolotsi awa. Chifukwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti aliyense adziwe zinthu ngati izi.

Kodi 'Loiasis' ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, `Loiasis` ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mtundu wapadera wa nyongolotsi wotchedwa `Loa loa`. Uwu ndi matenda a nyongolotsi. Kunena zoona, uli m'gulu la matenda a nyongolotsi otchedwa `filariasis`. `Filariasis` ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha `nyongolotsi za filarial`, kutanthauza mtundu wa nyongolotsi yopyapyala, yofanana ndi ulusi.

Ndiye nyongolotsi iyi imalowa bwanji m'thupi mwathu? Izi zimachitika pamene mtundu wa ntchentche yotchedwa `deerfly` (ena amaitchanso `mango fly` kapena `mangrove fly`) imatiluma. Koma ntchentchezi sizimapezeka kulikonse. Zimapezeka kwambiri ndipo zimaswana m'nkhalango zina zamvula ku West ndi Central Africa. Choncho anthu okhala m'madera amenewo kapena omwe amapita kumadera amenewo ali pachiwopsezo.

Nyongolotsi za Loa loa zikangolowa m'thupi mwathu, zimayamba kukhala ndi moyo ndikuberekana. Nthawi zambiri zimakonda kukhala m'malo awa m'thupi lathu:

• Mu magazi anu ('Magazi')
• M'mapapo ('Mapapo')
• Dongosolo la mitsempha ya m'magazi - Ichi ndi gawo la chitetezo cha mthupi cha thupi lathu, ndipo maselo ena amagazi amapangidwa pano.
• Mu minofu pansi pa khungu ('Minofu ya subcutaneous')

Ndani angakulitse izi kwambiri?

Matenda a Loiasis ndi vuto lalikulu m'madera ena a Kumadzulo ndi Pakati pa Africa. Akuti anthu opitilira 29 miliyoni ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa. Anthu ambiri ndi amenewa, eti?

Kodi nyongolotsi idzakhala yakhungudi ikalowa m'diso lanu? (Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amachiopa)

Ndipotu, kuona nyongolotsi ikuyendayenda m'diso lanu kungakhale chinthu chosasangalatsa komanso choopsa. N'zovuta kuganiza. Koma chofunika ndi chakuti nyongolotsi za 'Loa loa' izi (zotalika pafupifupi masentimita 2.5 mpaka 7.5) nthawi zambiri sizimakupangitsani khungu. Ndipo nthawi zambiri sizimawononga kwambiri diso.

Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika: Nyongolotsi imadutsa m'diso kenako imalowanso m'thupi pakapita kanthawi. Dokotala amatha kuchotsa nyongolotsi yomwe imawoneka pamwamba pa diso pogwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni yaying'ono. Koma kumbukirani, kuchotsa nyongolotsi ngati iyi sikuchiritsa matenda onse. Imafunika kuchiritsidwa padera.

Kodi zizindikiro za Loiasis ndi ziti?

Chodabwitsa n'chakuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a loiasis alibe zizindikiro zilizonse. Sadziwa ngakhale kuti ali ndi nyongolotsi m'thupi lawo. Komabe, anthu ena angakumane ndi zizindikiro monga:

• Kumva kutopa kwambiri (`Kutopa`).
• Zimayabwa thupi lonse.
• Mawanga otupa, kuyabwa, kapena zilonda zimaonekera pathupi, makamaka pafupi ndi mafupa monga mawondo ndi zigongono. Izi zimatchedwa "Calabar swellings." Kutupa kumeneku kumatha kuchepa pakatha masiku angapo, koma kungabwerenso patatha masiku kapena milungu ingapo.
• Kupweteka kwa minofu kapena mafupa.
• Mungathe kuona nyongolotsi ikuyendayenda pansi pa khungu. Imaoneka ngati mafunde a khungu.
• Nyongolotsi imatha kuoneka ikukwawa kudzera mu conjunctiva (nembanemba yopyapyala yomwe imaphimba choyera cha diso ndi mkati mwa chikope). Ichi ndi chomwe chimawopseza anthu ambiri.

Tangoganizirani, mukasokonezeka, mwadzidzidzi mukumva chinachake chikusuntha patsogolo pa diso lanu. Mukayang'ana pagalasi, mukumva china chake ngati ulusi waung'ono ukusuntha patsogolo pa diso lanu! Kodi zimenezo zingakhale zoopsa bwanji?

Kodi chimayambitsa matenda a Loiasis n’chiyani? Kodi amafalikira bwanji?

Monga tanenera kale, matenda a Loiasis amafalikira ntchentche yodwala ikaluma khungu lanu. Ntchentche zomwe zimanyamula matenda a nyongolotsi ya Loa loa ndi ntchentche za nswala ndi mangrove. Ntchentchezi zimapezeka ku Africa kokha. Ntchentchezi zikaluma munthu wodwala, zimayamwa magazi ndikulowetsa nyongolotsizo (zotchedwa microfilariae, zomwe ndi nyongolotsi zazing'ono kwambiri, zosaoneka ndi maso) mu ntchentchezo. Kenako, ntchentche ikaluma munthu wina, nyongolotsizo zimalowa m'thupi la munthuyo.

Nyongolotsi zazing'onozi, zotchedwa "microfilariae," zikalowa m'thupi mwanu, zimatenga miyezi ingapo kuti zikule n'kukhala nyongolotsi zazikulu. Pamene zikukula, zimatha kulowa m'thupi ndi ziwalo za thupi lanu, monga mapapo anu. Nthawi zina nyongolotsi zazikulu zimakhala mkati mwa thupi lanu pamene nthawi zina mumaziona zikuyenda pansi pa khungu lanu kapena kudzera m'maso mwanu.

Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mwayi woti mutenge matenda a loiasis kuchokera paulendo waufupi wopita ku Africa ndi wochepa kwambiri. Anthu ambiri omwe amatenga matendawa amalumidwa ndi ntchentche zodwala kangapo kwa miyezi ingapo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simutenga matendawa kuchokera ku ntchentche imodzi yokha.

Kodi matenda a Loiasis amapatsirana kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina?

Vutoli ndi la anthu ambiri. Ayi, matenda a Loiasis safalikira mwachindunji kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kutenga matendawa mwa kukhudza munthu amene ali ndi matendawa, kugawana chakudya kapena zakumwa naye, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito thaulo lomwe adagwiritsa ntchito. Kuti mugwire matendawa, muyenera kulumidwa ndi ntchentcheyo.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji matenda a Loiasis molondola? (Kuzindikira)

Ngati mwapita kapena mukukhala m'dera lina la ku Africa lomwe lili pachiwopsezo ndipo muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a loiasis, dokotala wanu angakulamulireni kuti mukayeze magazi.Kuyezetsa magazi kumeneku kungawone ngati pali Loa loa microfilariae m'magazi mwanu.

Komanso, dokotala adzakuyang'anirani ('kuyezetsa thupi') kuti aone ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za 'loiasis', kutanthauza zinthu monga 'kutupa kwa Calabar'.

Kodi mankhwala a Loiasis ndi otani?

Pali mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza Loiasis. Mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Ivermectin ndi Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) .

Mfundo zofunika kuziganizira mukamapatsa mankhwala

Koma apa pali chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Ngati mankhwala awa (makamaka DEC) aperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi Loa loa microfilariae yambiri m'magazi mwawo, akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa komanso zoopsa. Chifukwa chake, dokotala asanakupatseni Ivermectin kapena DEC, ayenera kuyesa kuti ayesere kuchuluka kwa microfilariae m'magazi mwanu.

Tangoganizirani momwe zingakhalire zovuta ngati mankhwala omwe adaperekedwa kuti achiritse matendawa angayambitse vuto lalikulu? Ndicho chifukwa chake mayesowa ndi ofunikira kwambiri.

Ngati muli ndi ma microfilariae opitilira 8,000 pa mililita imodzi ya magazi, Ivermectin ndi DEC sizotetezeka kwa inu. Ngati zili choncho, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mugwiritse ntchito kaye mankhwala otchedwa Albendazole kapena njira yosefera magazi. Albendazole ndi kusefera magazi zidzachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma microfilariae m'magazi anu. Pokhapokha mudzakhala otetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito Ivermectin kapena DEC.

Matenda a Loiasis ndi matenda osowa kwambiri m'maiko ngati Sri Lanka, kotero dokotala wanu angafunse katswiri wa zamankhwala otentha akamachiza matendawa. Ngati muli ndi matenda oopsa, muyenera kuonana ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito imeneyi.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji matenda a Loiasis? (Kupewa)

Mwatsoka, palibe katemera woteteza matenda a Loiasis.

Koma ngati mukupita ku West kapena Central Africa, makamaka ngati mukufuna kukhala kumeneko kwa nthawi yayitali, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chotenga matendawa:

• Kumwa mamiligalamu 300 a diethylcarbamazine (DEC) kamodzi pa sabata. (Izi ziyenera kuchitika pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani upangiri.)
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa tizilombo okhala ndi DEET (N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide). Izi ndi zinthu zamadzimadzi zomwe zimapakidwa m'thupi.
• Kuvala mathalauza aatali ndi malaya a manja aatali kumachepetsa mwayi wa ntchentche kuluma khungu lanu.
• Kupaka mankhwala ophera tizilombo otchedwa `permethrin` pa zovala zanu. Izi zimathamangitsa tizilombo tofanana ndi ntchentche.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mutadwala `Loiasis`? Kodi muyenera kuda nkhawa?

Ndipotu, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi loiasis sadziwa nkomwe, ndipo mwina sizingawabweretsere mavuto aakulu azaumoyo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti si aliyense amene angakumane ndi zizindikiro zoopsa.

Komabe, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro kapena mukukayikira kuti muli ndi matenda a loiasis, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala. Pali mankhwala omwe alipo ochizira matendawa, omwe angathandize kuthetsa matendawa ndikupewa mavuto.

Kodi nthawi zabwino zokaonana ndi dokotala ndi ziti?

Pa milandu ngati iyi, muyenera kuwona dokotala:

• Ngati mwapitako ku West Africa kapena Central Africa ndipo mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za Loiasis (monga kuyabwa, kutupa kwa Calabar, kapena china chake chomwe chikuwoneka m'diso lanu).
• Ngati mukukonzekera kupita ku West Africa kapena Central Africa ndipo mukuganiza kuti mungafunike chithandizo cha DEC kuti mupewe matendawa, ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala mwamsanga musanayambe ulendo wanu, chifukwa zingatenge milungu ingapo kuti mupeze mankhwala a DEC.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chabwino, kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana, ndikukhulupirira kuti mwapeza lingaliro labwino la `Loiasis` kapena `African eyeworm`.

Kumbukirani, Loiasis ndi matenda a nyongolotsi. Angayambitse zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, kapena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro.

Kuona nyongolotsi m'diso lanu ndi chinthu choopsa. Koma nthawi zambiri nyongolotsi imadutsa m'diso ndipo imatha pakatha maola ochepa. Kapena dokotala akhoza kuichotsa ndi opaleshoni yaying'ono.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati mukupita kumadera omwe ali pachiwopsezo ku Africa, mutha kuchitapo kanthu kuti mupewe matenda a loiasis. Komanso, ngati mutatenga matendawa, dokotala akhoza kuchiza ndi mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Choncho, musachite mantha ndi izi mopanda chifukwa, komanso musatenge mopepuka. Chofunika kwambiri ndikudziwa zambiri. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena kukayikira kulikonse, sikuchedwa kulankhula ndi dokotala.

Loiasis , African eye worms, parasitic worms disease, fly bite, skin worms, Calabar swellings, diethylcarbamazine, filariasis, microfilariae, ivermectin, albendazole, DEET, zizindikiro za nyongolotsi, African flyers