Kodi pali vuto ndi maselo a lymph m'thupi lanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za Matenda a Lymphoproliferative (LPDs)!

Kodi mudamvapo kuti m'thupi mwathu muli asilikali ang'onoang'ono omwe amatiteteza ku matenda? Asilikali amenewo amatchedwa maselo oyera a magazi. Pakati pa maselo oyera a magazi amenewa, pali mtundu wapadera wotchedwa ma lymphocytes . Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndikuteteza chitetezo chathu cha mthupi mwa kulimbana ndi adani monga mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya omwe amalowa m'thupi mwathu, komanso kuwononga maselo a khansa. Komabe, nthawi zina ma lymphocytes awa amasiya kugwira ntchito bwino, kapena amayamba kuchulukana kwambiri. Pamenepo ndi pamene timatcha gulu la matenda otchedwa Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPDs) . Imeneyi ndi vuto losowa kwambiri. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane, sichoncho?

Kodi matenda a Lymphoproliferative (LPD) ndi chiyani? Kodi pali mitundu ina ya matenda?

Mwachidule, ma LPD ndi gulu la matenda omwe amapezeka pamene maselo athu a lymph, otchedwa ma lymphocytes, sagwira ntchito bwino kapena kukula mosalamulirika. Izi zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu.

1. Ma LPD (Matenda a Immunologic) okhudzana ndi chitetezo chamthupi

Mitundu iyi ya ma LPD imasokoneza momwe chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimayankhira ku zinthu zakunja. Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa monga lymphoma .

• Matenda a X-linked lymphoproliferative (XLP): Ngati munthu amene ali ndi vutoli ali ndi kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr , amatha kufalikira ku lymphoma.
• Matenda a Autoimmune lymphoproliferative (ALPS): Apa ndi pamene ma lymphocyte ambiri amasonkhana m'malo monga ma lymph nodes athu, ndulu, ndi chiwindi, zomwe zimapangitsa ziwalozo kutupa. Zili ngati maselo athu akungosonkhana m'malo osalamulirika.
• Matenda a lymphoproliferative pambuyo poika chiwalo (PTLD): Imeneyi ndi vuto losowa koma loopsa. Lingachitike pambuyo poika chiwalo (monga impso, chiwindi) kapena kuyika maselo oyambira a allogeneic . Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati inu kapena munthu amene munapereka chiwalocho kapena maselo oyambira ali ndi kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr, komwe kamakhudza maselo a B.

2. Khansa ya Magazi a Lymphoid

Awa ndi matenda akuluakulu omwe timamva nthawi zambiri, monga khansa ya m'magazi ndi lymphoma . Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti maselo oyera a m'magazi athu, omwe ndi maselo a B, maselo a T ndi maselo achilengedwe opha (NK cells), amawonongeka.Kusintha kwa maselo, maselo osazolowereka omwe amachulukana mosalamulirika. Maselo osazolowereka awa amadzaza maselo athanzi a magazi. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina amatha kuchiritsidwa, ndi matenda oopsa omwe angakhale oopsa kwa moyo.

Khansa yokhudzana ndi maselo a B

Mitundu ina ya ma lymphoma omwe si a Hodgkin omwe amagwera m'gulu ili ndi awa:

• Kufalitsa lymphoma yaikulu ya B-cell
• Follicular lymphoma
• Mantle cell lymphoma

Palinso mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi ya maselo a B:

• Matenda a khansa ya m'magazi (CLL): Apa, maselo a B abwinobwino m'mafupa amachulukana kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo a magazi ndi ma platelet azitha kugwira ntchito.
• B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia: Apanso, ma B-cell osazolowereka amasonkhana mu fupa la mafupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo athanzi asatuluke.
• Matenda a khansa ya m'magazi: Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, maselo oyera a m'magazi osazolowereka awa amatchulidwa chifukwa amaoneka ngati tsitsi akamawonedwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Amapangidwanso mu fupa la m'mafupa ndipo amachulukana kwambiri.

Khansa yokhudzana ndi maselo a T

Matenda okhudzana ndi maselo a T amagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

• Matenda a T-cell lymphomas: Izi zingakhudze ma lymph nodes anu, ndulu, mafupa, magazi, ndi ziwalo zina m'thupi.
• Matenda a T-cell lymphomas: Izi zimakhudza kwambiri khungu, koma nthawi zina zimatha kukhudza ma lymph nodes, magazi, mafupa, ndi ziwalo zamkati.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma lymphoma a T-cell systemic. Mitundu ina yodziwika kwambiri ndi iyi:

• Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, yomwe sinatchulidwe mwanjira ina (PTCL NOS)
• Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL)
• Anaplastic large cell lymphoma

Palinso mitundu yosowa:

• Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL)
• Matenda a T-cell lymphoma (EATL) omwe amagwirizana ndi matenda a Enteropathy

Ma lymphoma ena a T-cell amatchedwanso kuti chronic T-cell leukemias . Zitsanzo:

• T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL)
• T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL)

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya lymphoma ya T-cell ya khungu:

• Mycosis fungoides
• Matenda a Sézary

Matenda okhudzana ndi NK-cell

Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri ndipo zimakhudza maselo a NK.

• Mtundu wa mphuno wa Extranodal NK T-cell lymphoma
• Matenda a khansa ya m'magazi ya maselo a NK (AKNL)
• Leukemia ya NK-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (NK-LGL)

Tsopano mutha kuona kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a LPD. Simukuyenera kudziwa chilichonse mwatsatanetsatane, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti vutoli lilipo.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a LPD ndi ziti? Kodi mumazizindikira bwanji?

Zizindikiro za ma LPD awa zimatha kusiyana kwambiri, kutengera mtundu wa LPD womwe muli nawo. Koma pali zizindikiro zina zomwe mungaone. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri usiku: Sikuti kungotuluka thukuta kokha, komanso kutuluka thukuta kwambiri moti mapepala amanyowa.
• Kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes, chiwindi, kapena ndulu: Ngati muwona zotupa m'malo monga khosi, m'khwapa, kapena m'mimba, kapena ngati muli ndi kutupa kosazolowereka m'mimba mwanu, muyenera kuda nkhawa.
• Kutuluka magazi ndi mabala osazolowereka kapena ochulukirapo: Ngati mukutuluka magazi ambiri ngakhale chifukwa cha kuvulala pang'ono, kapena ngati muli ndi mabala abuluu m'malo enaake m'thupi lanu.
• Kutopa pafupipafupi: Kumva kutopa mosasamala kanthu kuti mumagona tulo totani.
• Kutentha thupi pafupipafupi: Ngati muli ndi kutentha thupi kosalekeza popanda chifukwa.
• Matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi: Chifukwa cha chitetezo chamthupi chochepa, mutha kudwala matenda monga chimfine ndi fuluwenza pafupipafupi.
• Kusowa chakudya: Kumva ngati sukufuna kudya.
• Kuchepetsa thupi mosadziwika: Ngati mwadzidzidzi mwachepetsa thupi popanda kudya bwino kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, chimenechonso ndi chizindikiro choti musamale.

Chofunika: Musachite mantha ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa zizindikirozi. Zingayambitsidwenso ndi zifukwa zina zosavuta. Komabe, ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirira, nthawi zonse ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala kuti akakupatseni upangiri.

Kodi zifukwa za LPD ndi ziti?

N'zovuta kudziwa chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ambiri a LPD, koma zinthu zosiyanasiyana zingayambitse vutoli.

• Matenda: Mitundu ina ya ma LPD ingayambitsidwe ndi matenda monga kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr kapena mabakiteriya a H. pylori . Tangoganizirani, mitundu iyi ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda yomwe imalowa m'thupi mwathu ikusokoneza dongosolo lathu la maselo.
• Matenda ena a autoimmune: Matenda a nyamakazi, lupusAnthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake ali pachiwopsezo chotenga mitundu ina ya ma LPD (monga marginal zone lymphomas). Apa ndi pamene chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimaukira maselo athu.
• Mankhwala: Mankhwala ena oletsa chitetezo chamthupi (monga mankhwala operekedwa kuti achepetse chitetezo chamthupi pambuyo poika chiwalo china) angayambitse matenda monga hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma.
• Kusintha kwa majini ena: Nthawi zambiri, munthu sangatenge kachilombo ka majini komwe kamayambitsa mtundu uwu wa LPD. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (XLP) amakhala ndi kusintha kwa majini m'majini awiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti akhale ndi vuto lalikulu la kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr ndikuyamba kukhala ndi lymphoma. Kusintha kwa majini komwe kumakhudza kukula kwa maselo oyera amagazi kumalumikizidwanso ndi lymphoma ndi leukemia.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji matenda a LPD? (Kuzindikira)

Popeza pali mitundu yambiri ya ma LPD, akamapeza matenda, madokotala amayamba afufuza kuti adziwe mtundu wa LPD womwe ukuyambitsa zizindikiro zanu.

Kuti achite izi, dokotala adzaganizira zizindikiro zanu, monga kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes, zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti chiwindi chanu kapena ndulu yanu ndi yayikulu kuposa yachibadwa, ndikufunsani za mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso ngati pali wina aliyense m'banja mwanu amene adakumanapo ndi matenda ofanana ndi anu.

Kenako n'zotheka kuchita mayeso monga awa:

• Kufufuza za mafupa: Kufufuza za mafupa kungachitike kuti muwone ngati pali zizindikiro za khansa ya m'magazi monga khansa ya m'magazi kapena khansa ya m'magazi. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha mafupa ndikuchiyesa. Nthawi zina chidutswa chaching'ono cha lymph node yotupa chingachitikenso.
• Mayeso a magazi: Kuchuluka kwa magazi (CBC) , Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) , Epstein-Barr antibody test, hepatitis test, HIV test, Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test, ndi zina zotero. Izi zingakuuzeni zambiri zokhudza kusintha kwa maselo a magazi, matenda opatsirana, komanso ntchito ya chiwindi ndi impso.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Mayeso monga ma scan a computed tomography (CT) ndi positron emission tomography (PET) angachitike. Izi zitha kuwona zinthu monga ziwalo zomwe zili mkati mwa thupi, momwe ma lymph nodes alili, komanso ngati maselo a khansa afalikira. Zili ngati kujambula chithunzi cha mkati mwa thupi.
• Mayeso a labu: Mayeso apadera monga flow cytometry angathandize kuzindikira mtundu weniweni wa LPD.

Kodi ma LPD amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha LPD chimadalira mtundu wa LPD womwe muli nawo. Si aliyense amene ali ndi chithandizo chofanana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi khansa ya m'magazi kapena lymphoma, mungakhale ndi chithandizo chonga ichi:

• Chemotherapy: Mankhwala operekedwa kuti awononge maselo a khansa.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Chithandizo chomwe chimalimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuti chilimbane ndi maselo a khansa.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Kuwononga maselo a khansa pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu kwambiri.
• Kusamutsa maselo oyambira (mafupa): Kusamutsa maselo oyambira athanzi kuti alowe m'malo mwa mafupa owonongeka.
• Chithandizo Cholunjika: Mankhwala omwe amakhudza mamolekyu enaake omwe amathandiza maselo a khansa kukula ndi kupulumuka.

Kumbukirani kuti dokotala wanu ndiye adzakukonzerani chithandizo chabwino kwambiri. Iye ndiye amene amadziwa bwino vuto lanu.

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi LPD amakumana ndi vuto lotani? Kodi limachiritsidwa?

Funso ili ndi lovuta kuliyankha chifukwa pali mitundu yambiri ya ma LPD, ndipo zinthu zambiri monga thanzi lanu, zaka, ndi gawo la matendawa zingakhudze zotsatira zake.

Mitundu ina ya ma LPD imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Mwachitsanzo, chemo-immunotherapy imatha kuchiritsa mitundu ina ya ma lymphoma, monga large B-cell lymphoma ndi Burkitt lymphoma. Munthu amene ali ndi X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (XLP) amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kuikidwa kwa stem cell.

Koma nthawi zina, chithandizo chingapangitse kuti ma lymphoma ena achepe , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro zimatha ndipo mayeso sangathenso kuzindikira matendawa. Koma matendawa sachira kwathunthu. Ma LPD ena amatha kubweranso miyezi kapena zaka chithandizo chitatha.

Ngati muli ndi LPD, mwina mukudabwa ngati ingachiritsidwe komanso kuti mungakhale ndi moyo kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji. Malo abwino opezera chidziwitso chokhudza izi ndi kwa dokotala wanu. Iye amakudziwani bwino inu ndi matenda anu. Choncho musaope kumufunsa mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji? (Kudzisamalira)

Ma LPD ndi matenda aakulu. Ngakhale kuti chithandizo chingachepetse zizindikiro komanso kukuthandizani kuti muchiritsidwe, mungakumanebe ndi zovuta panthawi ya chithandizo. Nazi malingaliro ena omwe angakuthandizeni:

• Funsani za chisamaliro cha palliative: Munthu amene ali ndi LPD angafunike thandizo pothana ndi zizindikiro ndi zotsatirapo zake za chithandizo. Chisamaliro cha palliative ndi mtundu wapadera wa chisamaliro chomwe chimathandiza kukonza moyo wa munthu ndikuchepetsa ululu ndi kusasangalala kwina, m'malo moyesa kuchiza matendawa. Gulu lanu la chisamaliro cha palliative lingakupatseni upangiri wabwino.
• Idyani bwino: Mutha kutaya chilakolako cha chakudya mukadwala kapena mukulandira chithandizo. Ngati ndi choncho, funsani katswiri wa zakudya . Iye adzakupatsani malangizo pa zakudya ndi zakumwa zoyenera kwa inu.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono kungathandize kuchepetsa nkhawa zomwe zimabwera chifukwa cha matenda aakulu. Koma onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala musanayambe pulogalamu yatsopano yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Dzitetezeni ku matenda: Chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chikhoza kufooka chifukwa cha matenda kapena chithandizo. Choncho funsani dokotala wanu za njira zopewera matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi. Kupewa malo odzaza anthu komanso kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi n'kofunika.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukulandira chithandizo cha LPD, funsani dokotala wanu zizindikiro zomwe zikusonyeza kuti vuto lanu likuipiraipira (monga kutentha thupi kosalekeza) kuti mudziwe nthawi yoti mulankhule naye.

Dokotala akamagwiritsa ntchito mawu azachipatala akuti "lymphoproliferation" kapena "lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs)," akunena za gulu la matenda okhudzana ndi maselo oyera amagazi omwe angakhudze chitetezo chanu cha mthupi kapena kukhala khansa.

Ngati muli ndi vuto ngati ili, mungakhale ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri za vuto lanu kuposa mawu azachipatala. Koma mukadwala, chidziwitso ndi mphamvu. Pankhaniyi, kudziwa tanthauzo la dzinalo kungakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe zikuchitika m'thupi lanu.

Mwachitsanzo, ma LPD ali ndi zizindikiro ndi mankhwala ofanana. Koma si onse ofanana. Komanso, zomwe mwakumana nazo zingakhale zosiyana ndi za anthu ena. Ngati dokotala wanu agwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD), funsani zambiri zokhudza vuto lanu. Adzasangalala kuyankha mafunso anu.

Pomaliza, uthenga wopita nawo kunyumba:

Matenda a Lymphoproliferative (LPDs) ndi gulu la matenda ovuta, omwe angakhale oopsa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zolakwika mu ntchito ya ma lymphocyte, maselo oteteza thupi lathu.

• Dziwani zizindikiro: Musakhale aulesi ngati muli ndi malungo osatha, kutopa kwambiri, kuchepa thupi, kapena kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes.
• Ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala: Ngati mukukayikira, pitani kwa dokotala mwamsanga kuti akakufufuzeni. Matendawa akapezeka msanga, chithandizo chimayenda bwino.
• Si ma LPD onse omwe ndi ofanana: pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo iliyonse ili ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu.
• Simuli nokha: Mukakumana ndi vuto ngati ili, thandizo la achibale, abwenzi, ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi lofunika kwambiri.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kusachita mantha, kukhalabe olimba mtima, ndikutsatira malangizo a madokotala. Ndi chithandizo choyenera komanso mphamvu zabwino zamaganizo, mutha kuthana ndi vutoli.

Matenda a lymphoproliferative, ma LPD, maselo a lymph, ma lymphocyte, chitetezo chamthupi, khansa, khansa ya m'magazi, lymphoma