Tonsefe timachita mantha pang'ono tikamaona makolo athu ndi akulu athu akutaya pang'onopang'ono kukumbukira kwawo akamakalamba. "Kodi uku ndiye kuyamba kwa matenda a Alzheimer?" Funso lili m'maganizo mwathu. Mpaka pano, matenda a Alzheimer nthawi zambiri amawazindikira pofufuza kukumbukira kwa munthu ndikuyang'ana zizindikiro monga kusintha kwa khalidwe. Koma tsopano, gulu la akatswiri azachipatala odziwika padziko lonse lapansi labwera ndi lingaliro lalikulu losintha dongosololi. Amati m'malo moyembekezera kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito umboni wa zamoyo m'thupi kuti tizindikire matendawa asanayambe.
N’chifukwa chiyani dongosolo latsopano lotereli likufunika?
Mwina mukuganiza kuti, "N'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kusintha dongosololi? Kodi pali vuto ndi dongosololi?" Kwenikweni, dongosololi limangozindikira matendawa pambuyo poti ubongo wawonongeka pang'ono ndipo zotsatira zake zayamba kuonekera ngati zizindikiro. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kwachedwa kwambiri kuti munthu adziwe matenda.
Koma iyi ndiyo lingaliro lalikulu la lingaliro latsopanoli.
Matenda a Alzheimer ayenera kufotokozedwa m'thupi, osati kutengera zizindikiro.
Mwachidule, monga momwe katswiri wa zaukazitape amafunira zizindikiro usanachitike mlandu, cholinga chake ndi kuzindikira kusintha kwa thupi zizindikiro zisanawonekere ndikupeza matendawa. Chifukwa cha izi ndikuti, ndi kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala, njira zatsopano zoyesera zapangidwa zomwe zitha kuzindikira zizindikiro zamoyo zotere. Izi zimathandiza odwala kudziwa za matenda awo kale, kupanga zisankho zokhudzana ndi miyoyo yawo moyenera, ndikupempha chithandizo chofunikira mwachangu. Komanso, nthawi zina pakhoza kukhala matenda ena omwe amasonyeza zizindikiro zofanana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Chifukwa cha njira yatsopanoyi, n'zosavuta kuti madokotala adziwe molondola komanso mwachangu ngati ndi matenda a Alzheimer's kapena matenda ena.
Kodi ma biomarker awa ndi ati?
Mukamva mawu oti " biomarkers ," mungaganize kuti ndi mawu akuluakulu komanso ovuta. Koma kwenikweni ndi osavuta. Ganizirani matupi athu ngati magalimoto. Pamene chinachake chiyamba kusokonekera ndi injini ya galimoto, nthawi zina nyali yochenjeza imayatsidwa pa dashboard, sichoncho? Mofananamo, pamene chinachake chiyamba kusokonekera m'matupi athu, timawona zizindikiro zake m'magazi athu, madzi a m'mitsempha, kapena minofu ina. Ndicho chimene timatcha biomarkers.
Ponena za matenda a Alzheimer's, pali zizindikiro ziwiri zazikulu.
1. Mapuloteni a beta-amyloid: Izi zimasonkhana mu ubongo ndikupanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono (ma plaques).
2. Mapuloteni a Tau: Izi zimasonkhana mkati mwa maselo a mitsempha muubongo ndikupanga ma tangles.
Mpaka pano, njira yokhayo yodziwira molondola kupezeka kwa mapuloteniwa inali kudzera mu scan yapadera (komanso yokwera mtengo) ya ubongo. Koma tsopano, mayeso atsopano a magazi apangidwa omwe angathe kuyeza mosavuta kuchuluka kwa mapuloteniwa. Ichi ndiye chitukuko chachikulu kwambiri mu lingaliro ili.
Njira yokonzekera khansa
Mwina munamvapo za khansa. Pambuyo poti khansa yapezeka, madokotala amaigawa m'magawo monga "Gawo 1" ndi "Gawo 2." Izi zimapatsa wodwalayo ndi omwe amamuthandiza kumvetsetsa bwino kuopsa kwa matendawa komanso momwe afalikira.
Tsopano, akatswiriwa akupereka lingaliro loyambitsa njira yofanana yodziwira matenda a Alzheimer's. Malinga ndi njira iyi, wodwala amagawidwa m'magawo 0 mpaka 6. Kugawa kumeneku kumadalira kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, komanso kusintha pang'ono kwa kukumbukira ndi khalidwe. Izi zithandiza wodwalayo ndi banja lake kumvetsetsa bwino lomwe kuti matendawa ali pamlingo wotani.
Kodi dongosolo latsopanoli limagwira ntchito bwanji?
Dongosolo lomwe likuperekedwali likukambidwabe, koma monga momwe lilili pano, kugawa magawo kuli motere.
| Gawo | Tanthauzo ndi kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Gawo 0 | Anthu awa alibe zizindikiro, alibe zizindikiro za matenda, koma ali ndi majini omwe amawaika pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a Alzheimer's mtsogolo (monga anthu omwe ali ndi Down syndrome). |
| Gawo 1 | Anthuwa alibe zizindikiro zilizonse . Kukumbukira kwawo kuli bwino. Koma amapeza kuti ali ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's panthawi yoyezetsa magazi kapena kusanthula. |
| Gawo 2 | Palinso zizindikiro za moyo, komanso kukumbukira, khalidwe, ndi kuganiza.Kusintha kochepa kwambiri kwayamba kuchitika. Izi sizingakhudze kwambiri zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku. |
| Gawo 3 | Izi zikufanana ndi zomwe panopa timazitcha kuti "Mild Cognitive Impairment." Zizindikiro monga kulephera kukumbukira zimaonekera kwambiri. |
| Magawo 4, 5, 6 | Magawo atatuwa ndi ofanana ndi omwe panopa timawatcha kuti matenda amisala ofatsa, apakati, komanso oopsa. Zizindikiro zake zimaonekeratu, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku. |
Pali ubwino ndi zovuta za njira iyi.
Ubwino waukulu wa njira yatsopanoyi ndikuti imatha kuzindikira matendawa msanga . Chifukwa chake, omwe ali mu gawo loyambirirali angapindule kwambiri ndi mankhwala atsopano.
Koma pali vuto lalikulu komanso mikangano yambiri. Tangoganizirani ngati mungauze munthu wathanzi, wopanda kuiwala kapena zizindikiro, pongoyang'ana zotsatira za mayeso a magazi ndikunena kuti, "Muli ndi matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira," chingachitike ndi chiyani? Kodi zimenezo zingakhudze bwanji thanzi la maganizo la munthuyo, inshuwalansi yawo, ndi ntchito yawo? Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe ngakhale akatswiri ena azachipatala akukayikira. Chifukwa chake, ngati matenda otere aperekedwa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupatsa wodwalayo upangiri woyenera nthawi yomweyo. Izi zikukambidwabe pakati pa akatswiri.
Komabe, lingaliro ili likusonyeza kuti tikupita patsogolo kwambiri pakupeza ndi kuchiza matenda a Alzheimer's.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Akatswiri amati njira yodziwira matenda a Alzheimer iyenera kutengera zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka m'magazi ndi ma scan, osati zizindikiro zomwe zimaonekera.
- Cholinga chachikulu cha izi ndi kuzindikira matendawa asanayambe zizindikiro ndikupereka mwayi woti munthu alandire chithandizo msanga.
- Monga khansa, akulangizidwa kuti ayambe njira yodziwira matenda a Alzheimer kuyambira magawo 0 mpaka 6.
- Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana pakati pa akatswiri pankhani yodziwa "Gawo 1 la Alzheimer" ngati munthu alibe zizindikiro, koma ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda.
- Ngakhale zonsezi zikadali pagawo loperekedwa, ngati zitagwiritsidwa ntchito mtsogolo, zitha kusintha kwambiri chisamaliro cha Alzheimer's. Ngati inu kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu ali ndi vuto la kukumbukira, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
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