Mediastinoscopy: Tiyeni tiphunzire za opaleshoni iyi kuti tipeze khansa ya pachifuwa m'njira yosavuta (Mediastinoscopy)

Kodi dokotala wanu wakuuzani kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya mediastinoscopy? Muyenera kuti munachita mantha pang'ono mutamva dzina limenelo, eti? Muyenera kuti munali ndi mafunso ambiri monga, 'Ichi n'chiyani? Kodi ndi opaleshoni yaikulu? Kodi idzapweteka?' Ndi zachilendo kwambiri. N'zosadabwitsa kuti mukamva mawu atsopano, ngakhale atatchedwa opaleshoni, mumakhala ndi mantha pang'ono. Kotero lero, tiyeni tikambirane za mediastinoscopy iyi, chifukwa chake imachitidwa, momwe imachitikira, ndi zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pake, m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Mwachidule, kodi Mediastinoscopy ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, tiyeni tikambirane kaye nkhaniyi. Mediastinoscopy ndi opaleshoni yomwe imalola dokotala wanu kuyang'anitsitsa mkati mwa chifuwa chanu, makamaka malo omwe ali pakati pa mapapu anu (omwe timawatcha mediastinum mu zamankhwala).

Taganizirani izi, malo awa pakati pa mapapo awiri omwe ali mkati mwa chifuwa chathu ndi ofunikira kwambiri. Chifukwa ziwalo zambiri zofunika monga mtima wathu, trachea, ndi mmero zimapezeka pano. Chifukwa chake njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito tikafuna kuwona ngati pali china chake chachilendo m'derali, monga chotupa kapena lymph node yokulirapo.

Chipangizo chapadera chotchedwa mediastinoscope chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa njirayi. Chili ngati chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera ndi kuwala komwe kumamatiridwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi, madokotala amatha kuwona bwino zomwe zili mkati mwa chifuwa. Sikuti amangowona kokha, komanso amatha kutenga chitsanzo cha minofu kuchokera ku node ya lymph kapena chotupa china chomwe chili pamenepo ndikutumiza kuti akachiwone (ichi timachitcha biopsy).

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa Mediastinoscopy ndi Mediastinotomy ndi kotani?

Mungamvenso mawu akuti mediastinotomy. Zonsezi zimachitika kuti muone dera la mediastinum pachifuwa. Koma pali kusiyana pang'ono.

• Mediastinoscopy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kupanga kudula pang'ono (pafupifupi inchi imodzi) pakhosi ndikulowetsa chowonera kudzera. Kudulako ndi kochepa, kotero kumachira mwachangu.
• Kuchotsa fupa m'chifuwa: Izi zimaphatikizapo kudula pang'ono pachifuwa ndikuyang'ana mkati mwachindunji. Njirayi imalola dokotala kuwona zambiri mkati, koma kudulako ndi kwakukulu, kotero nthawi yochira imakhala yayitali.

N’chifukwa chiyani mukufuna kuchita mayeso awa?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe dokotala angalamule mayesowa. Zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:

• Tsimikizirani kuti mukukayikira khansa:Ngati muwona chinthu chachilendo pachifuwa pa X-ray kapena CT scan, muyenera kutenga chidutswa cha minofu ndikuchiyang'ana kuti mudziwe ngati ndi khansa kapena ayi. Njira iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pa izi.
• Dziwani siteji ya khansa: Ngati munthu wapezeka kale ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, khansa ya thymus gland, kapena khansa ya m'mero , mayesowa amachitika kuti aone momwe yafalikira. Makamaka, zimathandiza kuona ngati khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes apafupi. Umu ndi momwe siteji ya khansa imadziwikira ndipo chithandizo chabwino kwambiri chimasankhidwa.
• Kuzindikira matenda ena: Sikuti khansa yokha, nthawi zina mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza matenda m'mapapo, komanso kuzindikira matenda ena monga lymphoma, sarcoidosis, kapena mesothelioma .

Kodi pali anthu ena omwe sakufuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni iyi?

Inde, opaleshoni iyi si yoyenera aliyense. Nthawi zina, ikhoza kukhala yoopsa. Makamaka kwa anthu monga:

• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chotupa chosatheka kuchitidwa opaleshoni chomwe ndi chachikulu kwambiri moti sichingachotsedwe mwa opaleshoni.
• Kwa iwo omwe adachitidwapo opaleshoni ya mediastinoscopy kale (chifukwa minofu ya zipsera kuchokera ku chovulala cham'mbuyomu ingapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta komanso zoopsa kuchita izi kachiwiri).
• Kwa iwo omwe adachitidwapo opaleshoni ya radiation pachifuwa (opaleshoni ikhoza kukhala yovuta chifukwa minofu m'derali yasintha chifukwa cha radiation).

Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani ndipo adzapanga chisankho chabwino kwambiri pa izi.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?

Popeza iyi ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo a momwe mungakonzekerere pasadakhale. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo amenewo molondola.

Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe zikuchitika mkati mwa chipinda chochitira opaleshoni. Musadandaule, zonsezi zimachitika pansi pa anesthesia, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mwagonekedwa tulo tofa nato kuti musamve chilichonse.

1. Mankhwala oletsa kupweteka: Choyamba, IV imayikidwa mumtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu ndipo mumapatsidwa mankhwala omwe angakugonetseni tulo tofa nato.

2. Chubu chopumira: Popanda inu kudziwa, chubu chopumira chimayikidwa pakhosi panu ndipo mumaloledwa kupuma kudzera mu makina (chopumira mpweya).

3. Kucheka pang'ono: Kucheka pang'ono kumapangidwa pafupifupi inchi imodzi pansi pa khosi lanu, pamwamba pa fupa la pachifuwa panu.

4. Kuyika chida: Dokotala wa opaleshoni amaika chida chotchedwa mediastinoscope kudzera mu mng'aluwo.

5. Kuwunika ndi kutenga zitsanzo: Dokotala amaikamo ndikuyang'ana malo oti afufuzidwe ndi kamera. Ngati pali ma lymph nodes kapena minofu yokayikitsa, chitsanzo (biopsy) chimatengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chida chaching'ono chonga lumo pa chipangizo chomwecho.

6. Kuchotsa chipangizocho ndikuchisoka: Ntchito ikatha, chotsani chipangizocho ndikusoka chodulidwacho ndi ulusi wosungunuka kapena ulusi wamba.

7. Kudzuka kuchokera ku mankhwala oletsa ululu: Pomaliza, mudzadzukanso ndipo chubu chopumira chidzachotsedwa.

Njira yonseyi nthawi zambiri imatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi , koma nthawi zina imatenga nthawi yayitali.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni? Kodi nthawi yochira imakhala bwanji?

Mudzamvabe kutopa pang'ono kwa maola angapo mutadzuka kuchokera ku opaleshoni yoletsa kupweteka. Nthawi zambiri, iyi ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni yakunja, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simuyenera kukhala m'chipatala.

• Kubwerera kunyumba: Komabe, popeza mwapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu , simudzatha kuyendetsa galimoto. Mudzafunika wachibale kapena mnzanu kuti akuyendetseni kunyumba.
• Mavuto:Popeza payipi yopumira inayikidwa, mutha kumva kuyabwa pakhosi ndi pakamwa panu, kupweteka, komanso kukhosomola tsiku lotsatira. Musadandaule ndi zimenezo. Malo odulirawo adzakhalanso opweteka pang'ono kwa masiku angapo. Dokotala adzakupatsani mankhwala ochepetsa ululu pa zimenezo.
• Mayeso: Nthawi zina mukatha opaleshoni, mungayesedwe X-ray pachifuwa kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe vuto lililonse m'mapapo mwanu.

Kodi zoopsa za mediastinoscopy ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zina zazing'ono. Ngakhale kuti mwayi woti izi zichitike ndi wochepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa za izo.

Chiwopsezo cha imfa chifukwa cha opaleshoniyi n'chochepa kwambiri (pafupifupi 0.09%). Choncho musachite mantha ndi izi mopanda chifukwa.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti zotsatira zake zibwere?

Katemera wa biopsy adzatumizidwa ku labotale kuti akayesedwe, ndipo zingatenge masiku angapo kuti lipotilo lifike. Lipotilo likafika, dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani ndikukambirana njira zotsatila ndi chithandizo.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

Ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi ululu pang'ono mukapita kunyumba. Komabe, ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse pansipa, muyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi nanu.

• Kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa
• Malungo amphamvu kwambiri
• Kuvuta kupuma
• Ngati malo odulidwawo ndi ofiira kwambiri, otupa, ndipo kutuluka kwa mafinya kukutuluka

Musanyalanyaze zinthu ngati izi.