Kodi mukudziwa khansa yotchedwa Mesothelioma? Tiyeni tikambirane za iyo!

Nthawi zina timamva za mitundu ya khansa yosowa koma yoopsa. Mesothelioma ndi imodzi mwa izo. Mwina mwakhala mukuvutika kupuma kapena kupweteka pachifuwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndibwino kuganizira zinthu izi. Tiyeni tiwone izi ndi chiyani?

Kodi Mesothelioma ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mesothelioma ndi mtundu wa khansa. Koma iyi ndi yapadera pang'ono. Pali nembanemba yoteteza kuzungulira ziwalo zina zofunika m'thupi lathu, ngati chophimba chopyapyala. Ichi chimatchedwa mesothelium . Khansa iyi imayambira m'maselo a mesothelium.

Taganizirani izi, mapapo athu ali ozunguliridwa ndi nembanemba yotchedwa pleura , ndipo ziwalo zathu zam'mimba zili ozunguliridwa ndi nembanemba yotchedwa peritoneum . Awa ndi malo omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, zimatha kuchitika mu pericardium , nembanemba yonga thumba yozungulira mtima, kapena mu tunica vaginalis, nembanemba yozungulira machende mwa amuna.

Chinthu china chapadera pa izi ndichakuti khansa yoposa imodzi imatha kubuka. Nthawi zina zotupazi zimatha kulumikizana ndikufalikira ngati pepala lozungulira chiwalo. Zikatero, chithandizo chimakhala chovuta pang'ono.

Kodi pali mitundu ya mesothelioma?

Inde, pali mitundu ingapo yayikulu kutengera komwe imamera.

• Pleural mesothelioma: Mtundu uwu ndi wofala kwambiri . Umakula m'kati mwa mapapo athu, otchedwa pleura.
• Mesothelioma ya m'mimba: Iyi ndi mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri. Imapezeka mu peritoneum, yomwe ndi chigawo chozungulira ziwalo zomwe zili m'mimba ndi m'chiuno.
• Mesothelioma ya Pericardial: Iyi ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri . Imapezeka mu pericardium, nembanemba yonga thumba yomwe imazungulira mtima wathu.
• Mesothelioma ya tunica vaginalis testis (yomwe imatchedwanso paratesticular mesothelioma): Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri . Zimayamba m'kati mwa machende mwa amuna.

Nthawi zina mumamva za "zotupa za fibrous zokha", zomwe zimatchedwanso "benign mesothelioma". Koma kwenikweni sizikugwirizana ndi "malignant" mesothelioma.

Kuphatikiza apo, mungamve mesothelioma ikufotokozedwa kuti ndi epithelioid , sarcomatoid , kapena kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri , kapena biphasic, kutengera mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ena a maselo a khansa. Njira zochiritsira ndi momwe mungadziwire matenda zimatha kusiyana kutengera mtundu wa mesothelioma yomwe muli nayo.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za mesothelioma zimasiyana malinga ndi komwe zili m'thupi. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Malungo
• Thukuta usiku
• Kutopa kosalekeza
• Kuchepetsa thupi mosadziwa
• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena m'mimba
• Mavuto opuma monga kupuma movutikira (dyspnea) , kukhosomola, ndi kuvutika kumeza (dysphagia)
• Zizindikiro za m'mimba, monga kutsegula m'mimba, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, nseru, ndi kusanza
• Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi dongosolo la mtima, monga kutsika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka
• Kutupa, ziphuphu, kapena kupweteka m'mabele kapena m'mimba

Kukhala ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa zizindikirozi si chizindikiro cha mesothelioma. Komabe, ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirira, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala.

N’chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kupezeka kwa asbestos . Asbestos ndi mchere wopezeka mwachilengedwe. Kale, unkagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri, monga zipangizo zomangira, zomanga sitima, ndi makampani opanga magalimoto. Kodi mukudziwa kuti asbestos ili ndi ulusi womwe uli ngati singano? Izi zitha kuwononga minofu yathu ngati titazipuma kapena kuzimeza.

Koma chinthu chapadera apa ndichakuti khansa iyi siikula nthawi yomweyo munthu akangogwiritsa ntchito asbestos. Zingatenge zaka zambiri kuti khansayo ikule.

Koma izi sizichitika kwa aliyense. Si aliyense amene ali ndi asbestos amene amadwala mesothelioma. Ndipo si aliyense amene ali ndi mesothelioma amene wakhalapo ndi asbestos. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zina zingathandize.

Kodi zinthu zoopsa ndi ziti?

Kugwira ntchito yomwe inakuika pachiwopsezo ku asbestos ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chingayambitse chiopsezo. Mwachitsanzo:

• Anthu ogwira ntchito yomanga ndi kugwetsa nyumba
• Anthu ogwira ntchito mumakampani opanga zombo
• Anthu ogwira ntchito mumakampani opanga migodi
• Anthu omwe ankagwira ntchito ya usilikali (zida zina zakale mwina zinali ndi asbestos)
• Anthu ogwira ntchito mumakampani opanga mphero
• M'malo omwe magalimoto amakonzedwa (makamaka zinthu monga zotchingira mabuleki m'magalimoto akale)

Palinso zinthu zina zoopsa:

• Kukhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa: Ngati mudalandirapo chithandizo cha khansa (makamaka pachifuwa), kapena ngati mumagwira ntchito yomwe imakukhudzani ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
• Kukumana ndi Erionite: Erionite ndi mchere wofanana ndi asbestos. Kale unkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga misewu.
• Majini: Kusintha kwa majini komwe kunabadwa mu jini ya BAP1 kungapangitse kuti pakhale chiopsezo chotenga mitundu ina ya khansa, kuphatikizapo mesothelioma.
• Kugonana kwachilengedwe: Amuna ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza mesothelioma kuposa akazi.

Mavuto a Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma imatha kufalikira (kufalikira kwa maselo) ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Ingayambitsenso madzimadzi kuzungulira mapapo (pleural effusion) , kuzungulira mtima (pericardial effusion) , kapena m'mimba (ascites) . Izi zingayambitse mavuto ena kwa wodwalayo.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?

Kutengera ndi zizindikiro zanu komanso mbiri yanu yaumoyo, dokotala wanu angachite mayeso otsatirawa kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi mesothelioma:

• Kuyezetsa magazi
• Mayeso a ntchito ya mapapo
• Mayeso ojambula zithunzi, monga X-ray pachifuwa ndi CT scans
• Kujambula kwa PET (positron emission tomography - scans) kuti muwone ngati pali maselo a khansa kwina m'thupi
• Kuchotsa madzi m'chifuwa cha pleural kapena m'mimba (thoracentesis kapena paracentesis) ndikuwufufuza ngati pali maselo a khansa (cytology)
• Kufufuza za khansa - Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga minofu yaying'ono ndikuiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti muwone ngati pali maselo a khansa.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuchiritsa mesothelioma kwathunthu ndi chithandizo chimodzi chokha. Njira zochiritsira zimatha kusiyana kutengera mtundu wa mesothelioma yomwe muli nayo. Njira zina zochiritsira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi izi:

• Opaleshoni: Izi zingaphatikizepo opaleshoni monga extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) (kuchotsa mapapo, pleura, ndi khansa), pleurectomy ndi decortication ( kuchotsa pleura ndi khansa), cytoreduction (opaleshoni yochepetsera kukula kwa maselo a khansa), kapena pericardiectomy (kuchotsa thumba lozungulira mtima).
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Mankhwalawa amaphunzitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuzindikira ndikuwononga maselo a khansa.
• Chemotherapy: Madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala a chemotherapy kudzera mu mtsempha (IV). Mankhwalawa amayenda m'magazi ndikupha maselo a khansa. Mankhwala ena a chemotherapy, monga hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) , amaperekedwanso mwachindunji ku chotupacho.
• Mankhwala ochiritsira:Ngati maselo anu a khansa ali ndi kusintha kwa majini, pakhoza kukhala njira zina zochizira zomwe zingawathandize.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Chithandizo cha radiation chimagwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray amphamvu kwambiri kuti awononge maselo a khansa.
• Mayeso azachipatala: Dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso mayeso azachipatala a mankhwala omwe ofufuza akuyesabe kuti awone ngati akugwira ntchito.
• Chisamaliro cha kupweteka kwa mutu: Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni chithandizo cha kupweteka kwa mutu kuti chikuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro za khansa komanso zotsatirapo zake. Izi zingaphatikizepo zinthu monga kuchepetsa ululu ndi njira zochotsera madzi omwe amasonkhana mozungulira ziwalo.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti asankhe njira yochiritsira yomwe ikuyenererani.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kupuma movutikira, chifuwa chosatha, kapena kusintha kwa matumbo anu, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala. Ngakhale zingawoneke zoopsa kufufuza zizindikiro zanu, nthawi zonse ndibwino kupeza chithandizo msanga kuposa mochedwa. Musadandaule, kulankhula ndi dokotala kungakupatseni mtendere wamumtima.

Kodi izi zingathe kupewedwa kotheratu? Kapena zingathe kuchiritsidwa?

Khansa nthawi zambiri singathe kupewedwa kotheratu. Komabe, chiopsezo chokhala ndi mesothelioma chingachepe mwa kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito asbestos. Ngati muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi asbestos kapena pamalo omwe ali nayo, muyenera kusamala kuti muigwire bwino ndikuitaya.

Ngati munagwirapo ntchito yomwe inakupangitsani kudwala asbestos m'mbuyomu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati pali malangizo aliwonse owunikira thanzi lanu kapena mayeso aliwonse.

Chiŵerengero cha kupulumuka kwa mesothelioma chimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu womwe muli nawo. Mwachitsanzo, chiŵerengero cha kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu cha mtundu wofala kwambiri, pleural mesothelioma, chili pakati pa 7% ndi 24%. Kawirikawiri, peritoneal mesothelioma ili ndi chiŵerengero cha kupulumuka chapamwamba kuposa mitundu ina.

Koma kumbukirani kuti ziwerengerozi zikuchokera kwa anthu omwe adapezeka ndi matendawa zaka zisanu zapitazo. Mwina sizingakhale chizindikiro chokwanira cha zomwe mungayembekezere ndi mankhwala atsopano kapena zinthu zina zomwe zili mu mkhalidwe wanu. Ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu za vuto lanu.

Kodi Mesothelioma ndi yoopsa kwa aliyense?

Ayi, mesothelioma si yoopsa kwa aliyense. Koma ndi khansa yoopsa komanso yofalikira mofulumira. Komanso, siipezeka kawirikawiri ikangoyamba kumene, pomwe imatha kuchiritsidwa.

Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi nkhawa komanso kusatsimikizika kwambiri mukalandira matenda a mesothelioma. Ndizachibadwa kufuna kudziwa zomwe zikubwera komanso njira yomwe mudzatsatire. Kupeza magulu othandizira ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa zomwe mungasankhe kungakuthandizeni. Lankhulani moona mtima ndi dokotala wanu za vuto lanu, nkhawa zanu, ndi zomwe mungayembekezere.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Chabwino, ndikukhulupirira kuti mwamvetsetsa bwino za mesothelioma kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana.

• Kumbukirani, khansa iyi ndi yosowa kwambiri. Komabe, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse (makamaka ngati mwakhala mukukumana ndi asbestos).
• Asbestos ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa ngozi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zodzitetezera ngati mukugwira ntchito m'malo omwe pali asbestos.
• Ngati mukuona zizindikiro, musachite mantha ndipo pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kuzindikira matendawa msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo kungakuthandizeni kupeza zotsatira zabwino.
• Pali njira zingapo zochiritsira. Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakuthandizani kusankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu.
• Simuli nokha. Chithandizo chochokera kwa abale, abwenzi, ndi madokotala n'chofunika kwambiri panthawi yovutayi. Ngati pakufunika kutero, lowani nawo magulu othandizira.

Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Mesothelioma , Mesothelioma, Khansa, Asbestos, Mapapo, Mimba, Zizindikiro, Chithandizo