Kodi mukuona ngati kukumbukira kwanu kukutha pang'onopang'ono? Tiyeni tikambirane za MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment)!

Tonsefe nthawi zina timaiwala zinthu, sichoncho? Tangoganizirani, mutatuluka m'nyumba ndikuyenda pang'ono, mwadzidzidzi muganiza kuti, "Mulungu wanga, kodi ndinatseka chitseko?" Kapena mwadzidzidzi mumaiwala zomwe munkanena pamene mukucheza bwino ndi mnzanu. Zinthu izi ndizofala kwambiri, ndipo palibe chodetsa nkhawa nacho. Koma, kodi inu, amayi anu, abambo anu, kapena munthu amene mumamukonda, mumamva kuti kuiwalaku kukuchulukirachulukira pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kumabweretsanso kusokoneza pang'ono pa zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku? Ndiye nkhaniyi idzakhala yofunika kwambiri kwa inu. Lero tikulankhula za MCI, yomwe imatanthauza Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Kodi kwenikweni MCI ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment) ndi vuto lomwe luso la munthu lokumbukira ndi kuganiza zimachepa pang'ono . Izi ndi zochulukirapo kuposa kuiwala kwachibadwa komwe kumabwera ndi ukalamba. Komabe, sikoopsa ngati vuto lalikulu lotaya kukumbukira lotchedwa dementia.

Taganizirani izi motere. Mungakhale ndi nthawi yovuta kuzindikira foni yachinyengo, kapena mungaiwale zinthu monga tsiku lomwe mudapita kukaonana ndi dokotala. Inu ndi banja lanu mungazindikire kusintha kumeneku. Koma chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti munthu yemwe ali ndi MCI akhozabe kuchita ntchito zake za tsiku ndi tsiku popanda thandizo la ena. Izi zikutanthauza kuti akhoza kuchita zinthu monga kuphika, kuvala, ndi kugwira ntchito zapakhomo payekha.

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti MCI si nthawi zonse imakhala yokhalitsa. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro zimatha kusintha ngati chifukwa chake chachiritsidwa. Komabe, kukhala ndi MCI kumawonjezera pang'ono chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi matenda a dementia, monga matenda a Alzheimer's, mtsogolo.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya MCI:

Timagawa nkhani ya MCI m'magawo awiri akuluakulu. Kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa, ndifotokoza motere.

Kodi inunso muli ndi makhalidwe amenewa?

Khalidwe lalikulu la MCI ndi kuchepa kwa luso lomwe tikukamba pano. Onani ngati izi zikumveka ngati mukudziwa kale.

• Chenjezo: N'zovuta kukhalabe ndi chidwi pa chinthu chimodzi, ndipo maganizo amasokonezedwa mosavuta.
• Chiweruzo: N'zovuta kusankha chabwino ndi choipa, kupanga chisankho chabwino.
• Chilankhulo: Kuvutika kupeza mawu oyenera polankhula.
• Kukumbukira: Kuiwala zinthu pafupipafupi kuposa kale.
• Kukonzekera: N'kovuta kukonzekera ndi kuchita ntchito mwadongosolo.
• Kuganizira: N'kovuta kumvetsa vuto ndikupeza yankho lake.

Kodi izi zimawoneka bwanji m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku?

• Nthawi zambiri ndimaiwala komwe ndimaika makiyi anga, magalasi, ndi foni yanga n’kumazifunafuna.
• Ndimaiwala kulipira zinthu monga magetsi ndi madzi.
• Misonkhano yofunika, zikondwerero, ndi masiku apadera a mabanja aiwalika.
• Pamene mukulankhula, mwadzidzidzi mumaiwala zomwe mukufuna kunena ndipo mumasiya.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi MCI amathanso kukumana ndi zizindikiro monga kuvutika kuyenda komanso kutaya fungo.

Nchifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika? Kodi zimayambitsa matenda a MCI ndi ziti?

Pali ziwalo za ubongo wathu zomwe zimathandiza kukumbukira ndi kuganiza. Mwachitsanzo, madera monga hippocampus ndi temporal lobes. Mu MCI, pali kuwonongeka kapena kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka madera awa. Kusintha kwa ubongo kumeneku ndi komwe kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukumbukira zinthu bwino monga kale, kuganiza bwino, komanso kulabadira.

Nthawi zina MCI ikhoza kukhala gawo loyambirira kwambiri la vuto lalikulu la mitsempha lomwe maselo a muubongo amawonongeka pang'onopang'ono. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• Matenda a Alzheimer
• Matenda a maganizo a Frontotemporal
• Matenda a maganizo a Lewy
• Matenda a Parkinson
• Matenda a mitsempha yamagazi

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a MCI?

Aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi MCI, koma anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Zinthu zoopsa zosalamulirika:

• Zaka zoposa 65: Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba.
• Mbiri ya banja:Ngati wina m'banjamo wakhala ndi vuto la matenda amisala.
• Zinthu zokhudzana ndi majini: Kukhala ndi jini yosiyana yotchedwa APOE-e4 (jini yomwe imawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a Alzheimer's).

Zinthu zoopsa zomwe zingathe kulamulidwa kapena kuchiritsidwa:

• Mavuto a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi: Matenda monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yambiri, ndi sitiroko.
• Matenda osatha: Matenda a shuga, COPD, osteoarthritis.
• Mavuto amisala: kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhawa.
• Mavuto a tulo: kukodola ndi kutsekeka kwa mpweya m'thupi.
• Kusowa kwa mavitamini: makamaka kusowa kwa vitamini B12.
• Mavuto a chithokomiro: Hypothyroidism.
• Matenda: Zinthu monga matenda a mkodzo (UTIs) zimatha kufooketsa, makamaka kwa okalamba.
• Kuvulala mutu: (Kuvulala koopsa muubongo).
• Mankhwala ena: Mankhwala ena monga antihistamines, antidepressants, opiates, ndi benzodiazepines angayambitsenso kuiwala zinthu ngati zotsatirapo zake.

Kodi dokotala amapeza bwanji izi?

Palibe mayeso amodzi omwe angakuuzeni ngati muli ndi MCI. Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, adzakuyesani bwino.

1. Funsani inu ndi banja lanu za kusinthaku: Kodi zizindikiro zanu zinayamba liti, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe mumaiwala, komanso ngati zimakhudza zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku? Muthanso kufunsa munthu amene ali nanu za kusinthaku.

2. Kuyezetsa thupi ndi mitsempha: Kukhazikika kwanu, kuyankha kwanu, ndi ntchito ya dongosolo la mitsempha zimayesedwa.

3. Mayeso omwe amayesa kukumbukira ndi luso loganiza: Mungafunsidwe mafunso angapo afupiafupi, kufunsidwa kuti mujambule zithunzi, kapena kukumbukira mawu oyezera momwe maganizo anu amagwirira ntchito. Timatcha mayeso a Neuropsychological.

4. Mayeso ena:

• Kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo: Yang'anani zifukwa zina, monga kusowa kwa mavitamini, mavuto a chithokomiro, ndi matenda.
• Kujambula ubongo: Kujambula kwa CT kapena MRI kungawone ngati pali chotupa mu ubongo, zizindikiro za sitiroko, kapena kusintha kwina kwa kapangidwe ka thupi.
• Kubowola kwa msana:Nthawi zina zapadera, mayesowa amatha kuchitidwa kuti aone ngati pali mapuloteni okhudzana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's.

Kodi mankhwala a MCI ndi ati?

Chithandizo cha MCI chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa. Palibe chithandizo chimodzi choyenera onse. Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni zinthu monga:

• Kuchiza matenda omwe amayambitsa matenda: Ngati chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a MCI ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, mavuto ogona (kupuma movutikira), kapena kusowa kwa mavitamini, chithandizo choyenera cha vutoli chingathandize kuchepetsa kukumbukira.
• Kusintha mankhwala: Ngati mankhwala enaake omwe mukumwa akukhudza kukumbukira kwanu, dokotala wanu angawasinthe kapena kuchepetsa mlingo.
• Zochita zomwe zimalimbitsa ubongo: Kuthetsa ma puzzle, kuphunzira chinthu chatsopano (monga chilankhulo, chida choimbira nyimbo), kuwerenga mabuku, ndi kucheza ndi ena ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi abwino a ubongo.
• Kusintha kwa moyo:
• Siyani kapena chepetsani kusuta fodya ndi kumwa mowa.
• Kudya zakudya zoyenera (masamba ambiri, zipatso, nsomba).
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Kuonetsetsa chitetezo: Mungafunike kuganizira zinthu monga kukonza zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni kutsetsereka ndi kugwa m'nyumba mwanu (monga makapeti) komanso mwina kuganiziranso zoyendetsa galimoto.

Kodi tsogolo la munthu amene ali ndi MCI ndi lotani?

Funso limene anthu ambiri amaliopa ndi lakuti vuto lotchedwa MCI silifanana kwa aliyense.

• Kwa anthu ena: Pambuyo pa chithandizo, zizindikiro zimatha kuchira ndikubwerera mwakale malinga ndi msinkhu wawo.
• Kwa anthu ena: Zizindikiro zimatha kukhalabe zomwezo, osapitirira.
• Kwa ena: Pakapita nthawi, MCI imatha kupitirira kukhala matenda a dementia. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti pakati pa 10% ndi 20% ya anthu azaka zopitirira 65 omwe ali ndi MCI adzadwala matenda a dementia mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.

Koma si aliyense amene ali ndi MCI amene angadwale matenda a dementia. Anthu ambiri amatha kupitiriza kugwira ntchito zawo ndikukhala paokha. Chofunika kwambiri ndikukhala ndi ubale wabwino ndi dokotala wanu . Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumuona miyezi 6 mpaka 12 iliyonse kuti muwone ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda.