Munthu wina m'banja mwanu, mwina amayi anu okondedwa, abambo, agogo kapena azakhali, akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Kapena mwina mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za matendawa. Matenda a Alzheimer's ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a dementia, omwe amataika pang'onopang'ono luso loganiza monga kukumbukira, kuthetsa mavuto, ndi chilankhulo. Izi zingapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Choopsa chachikulu cha matenda a Alzheimer ndi ukalamba. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala omwe alipo pano amatha kuchepetsa zizindikiro mpaka pamlingo wina, sangathe kuletsa matendawa kwathunthu. Ndicho chifukwa chake ofufuza akufunafuna njira zatsopano zomwe zingachedwetse kupita patsogolo kwa matendawa. Lero, tikambirana za njira ziwirizi zomwe zimathandizira ubongo. Mwachidule, njirazi zimagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amagetsi kapena maginito kuti "ziyatse" kapena "kuzimitsa" ntchito za ziwalo zina za ubongo.
Kodi chithandizo cha rTMS (Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) ndi chiyani?
Uwu ndi umodzi mwa mankhwala atsopano omwe akuyesedwa kwa odwala a Alzheimer's. Umaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito maginito akunja kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito gawo linalake la ubongo, popanda opaleshoni. Umatchedwa "wobwerezabwereza" chifukwa chithandizochi chimachitika masiku asanu pa sabata, tsiku lililonse kwa milungu inayi mpaka isanu ndi umodzi.
Tangoganizirani kuti mukukhala pampando wamba. Dokotala akuika chozungulira chamagetsi pamutu panu. Chikayamba kugwira ntchito, mumamva ngati tukanawak yaying'ono ikukugundani pamphumi ndi phokoso la "click" "click" lomwe limatenga masekondi angapo. Sichifuna mankhwala oletsa ululu (kupangitsa mutu wanu kukhala wopanda mphamvu). Popeza sichikuchitidwa opaleshoni, chikhoza kuchitidwa ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena kuchipatala.
Sizikudziwika bwino 100% momwe rTMS imagwirira ntchito mwa odwala matenda a Alzheimer. Ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti kulimbitsa ubongo mwanjira imeneyi kungathandize kufulumizitsa kapena kuchepetsa ntchito za ubongo zokhudzana ndi kukumbukira ndi kuganiza.
Kodi izi zikuyenda bwino bwanji?
Kupambana kwa chithandizo cha rTMS kumadalira zinthu zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, kusonkhezera pang'ono kwawonetsedwa kuti kumachepetsa ntchito ya ubongo, pomwe kusonkhezera kwambiri kwawonetsedwa kuti kumawonjezera. Komanso, dera la ubongo lomwe chithandizocho chikufuna komanso mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe wodwalayo akumwa zingakhudze zotsatira zake.
Kawirikawiri, kusonkhezera kwapamwamba kwawonetsedwa kuti kumathandiza kwambiri anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la dementia lochepa kuposa omwe ali ndi vuto la dementia loopsa. Nthawi zina, zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka nthawi yomweyo atalandira chithandizo, koma kwa anthu ena, zingatenge milungu 6 kuti ziwonekere. Ubwino uwu ukhoza kukhalapo kwa miyezi itatu kapena kuposerapo.
Nthawi zina chithandizo cha rTMS ichi ndi njira yophunzitsira ubongo zamaganizo.Zimachitikira pamodzi. Izi zikutanthauza kupereka zochita zosiyanasiyana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti ubongo ugwire bwino ntchito. Zinthu ziwirizi zikachitika pamodzi, zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka, makamaka kwa odwala matenda a Alzheimer's ofatsa mpaka ocheperako.
Chofunika kwambiri n'chakuti, pafupifupi theka la odwala matenda a Alzheimer's amavutika ndi kuvutika maganizo. rTMS ndi mankhwala ovomerezedwa ndi FDA ochiza kuvutika maganizo. Chifukwa chake, n'zovuta kusiyanitsa ngati ubwino wa chithandizo cha rTMS kwa odwala matenda a Alzheimer's ndi chifukwa cha matenda enieni kapena kuvutika maganizo komwe kumayenderana nawo.
| Zotsatirapo ndi zovuta za chithandizo cha rTMS | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zotsatira zoyipa zofala | Kusamva bwino pamalo pomwe pali maginito, kumva kuwawa m'nsagwada, pakhungu, kapena pankhope, mutu, ndi chizungulire zimatha kuchitika. |
| Zotsatira zoyipa zoopsa koma zosazolowereka | Kugwidwa ndi khunyu kungachitike kawirikawiri. Palibe zambiri zomwe zimadziwika za zotsatirapo zake za nthawi yayitali. |
| Mavuto ndi zovuta | Malinga ndi ofufuza ena, pali nkhawa kuti kusonkhezera kwambiri kungawonjezere matenda a Alzheimer's. Kafukufuku wowonjezereka akufunika pankhaniyi. |
Kodi Kulimbikitsa Ubongo Kwambiri (DBS) n'chiyani?
Mosiyana ndi rTMS, DBS ndi mankhwala osokoneza ubongo omwe amafunikira opaleshoni ya ubongo. Iyi ndi sitepe yayikulu yopita patsogolo. Mu opaleshoni iyi, ma electrode awiri amaikidwa mu ubongo wanu. Monga pacemaker, majenereta awiri ang'onoang'ono omwe amawongolera ma electrode awa amaikidwa pansi pa khungu la chifuwa chanu.
Musanayambe opaleshoni, mudzayesedwa mutu wanu ndi MRI. Mudzakhala maso panthawi ya opaleshoni. Musadandaule, mutu wanu udzakhala wopanda mphamvu (local anesthetic) kotero simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse. Chifukwa ubongo sumva kupweteka, dokotala angagwiritse ntchito zithunzi za MRI kuti ayike ma electrode pamalo oyenera. Kenako, mudzayikidwa pansi pa anesthesia ndipo jenereta ndi mawaya omwe amawalumikiza ku ma electrode mu ubongo wanu adzaikidwa pachifuwa chanu. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, chipangizochi chidzapereka mphamvu yowonjezereka ku ubongo wanu.
Chithandizo cha DBS chinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zizindikiro za matenda a Parkinson, monga kunjenjemera ndi kuuma. Ofufuza anayamba kufufuza ngati chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa matenda a Alzheimer's pambuyo poti wodwala m'modzi yemwe adalandira chithandizo cha DBS chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri akuwonetsa kusintha kwa kukumbukira.
Kodi izi zikuyenda bwino bwanji?
Kafukufuku woyambirira akusonyeza kuti DBS ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri. Komabe, kupambana kwake kumadalira gawo la matendawa ndi dongosolo la chithandizo (dera la ubongo lomwe likulunjika, mphamvu ya chilimbikitso).
Kawirikawiri, chithandizo cha DBS chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri chikagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa matendawa (Alzheimer's yoyambirira) . Anthu omwe amapezeka atakwanitsa zaka 65 (mochedwa kuyamba) angapindule, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti matendawa angachedwetse kupita patsogolo kwake. Koma modabwitsa, anthu omwe amapezeka asanakwanitse zaka 65 (moyambirira kuyamba) sanapeze phindu lalikulu kuchokera ku chithandizochi.
| Zotsatirapo ndi zovuta za chithandizo cha DBS | |
|---|---|
| Mavuto okhudzana ndi opaleshoni | |
| Opaleshoni ingayambitse kutuluka magazi, matenda, komanso kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa zida zomwe zili pachifuwa. | |
| Zotsatirapo zokhudzana ndi kukondoweza | |
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| Zotsatira zina zomwe zingakhalepo | |
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Zotsatirapo zina (kupweteka mutu, kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza) zidzatha pakapita nthawi, koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti DBS ndi mankhwala oopsa.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Alzheimer ndi matenda omwe amapitirira. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala omwe alipo pano amatha kuchepetsa zizindikiro, sangathe kuchiza matendawa.
- rTMS ndi njira yosagwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni, yothandiza ubongo yomwe ingathandize anthu omwe ali kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, koma ikadali mu gawo lofufuza.
- DBS ndi mankhwala oopsa komanso oopsa omwe amafunika opaleshoni ya ubongo. Ingakhalenso yothandiza kwa anthu ena omwe ali kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, koma sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
- Mankhwala onsewa akadali oyesera matenda a Alzheimer's ndipo si mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa nthawi zambiri.
- Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer, musanasankhe chithandizo chilichonse, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu mosamala ndipo mumvetse zomwe zikugwirizana ndi vuto la wodwalayo.
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