Kodi pali vuto ndi "nyumba yamphamvu" ya thupi lanu? Tiyeni tiphunzire za Matenda a Mitochondrial!

Kodi nthawi zina mumadabwa chifukwa chake ndimatopa chonchi? Kapena pali wina m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi matenda angapo, ndipo n'zovuta kupeza chifukwa chomveka bwino? Nthawi zina chifukwa cha izi chingakhale kusintha kwa chimodzi mwa zinthu zazing'ono kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Lero tikambirana za chinthu chovuta pang'ono, koma chofunikira kwambiri kudziwa. Chimenecho ndi Matenda a Mitochondrial.

Kodi mitochondria imeneyi ndi chiyani? Kodi ndi "nyumba yamphamvu" ya thupi?

Mwachidule, mitochondria ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili mkati mwa selo iliyonse m'thupi lathu. Tili ngati malo opangira magetsi omwe amapanga magetsi kuti azipereka mphamvu m'nyumba mwathu. Pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya chomwe timadya komanso mpweya womwe timapuma, mitochondria iyi imapanga 90% ya mphamvu zomwe matupi athu amafunikira kuti agwire ntchito. Tangoganizani, ubongo wathu umafunika mphamvu kuti ugwire ntchito, mitima yathu imafuna mphamvu kuti igunde, minofu yathu imafuna mphamvu kuti igwire ntchito. Mitochondria ndiye gwero lalikulu la mphamvu imeneyo. Ndicho chifukwa chake amatchedwa "nyumba yamphamvu ya selo."

Nanga matenda a mitochondrial ndi chiyani?

Tsopano mukumvetsa kufunika kwa mitochondria. Chifukwa chake, ngati magetsi awa otchedwa mitochondria sagwira ntchito bwino, kapena ngati sangathe kupanga mphamvu momwe akufunira, matenda omwe amapezeka amatchedwa matenda a mitochondria. Monga momwe malo opangira magetsi amawonongeka ndipo ntchito yathu yonse imayima popanda magetsi, ngati mitochondria sipanga mphamvu moyenera, ziwalo za thupi lathu sizingagwire ntchito zawo.

Matendawa amatha kukhudza mbali iliyonse ya thupi. Mwachitsanzo:

• Mu ubongo
• Dongosolo la mitsempha
• Minofu
• Impso
• Mtima
• Chiwindi
• Maso
• Makutu
• Pancreas

Maselo amatha kukhudzidwa kulikonse kotere.

Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a mitochondrial?

Inde, matenda a mitochondrial si matenda amodzi, pali mitundu yambiri. Izi ndi zovuta pang'ono, ndipo madokotala ndi omwe amawazindikira molondola. Koma kuti mudziwe zambiri, nazi zina mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino:

• Matenda a Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi sitiroko (MELAS syndrome)
• Matenda a Leber obadwa nawo a maso (LHON)
• Matenda a Leigh
• Matenda a Kearns-Sayre (KSS)
• Matenda a khunyu a myoclonic ndi ragged-red fiber (MERRF)

Mayina awa angamveke achilendo pang'ono, koma awa ndi mayina omwe matenda awa amadziwika nawo mu sayansi ya zamankhwala.

Kodi matenda amenewa ndi ofala bwanji?

Akuti pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 5,000 aliwonse akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a mitochondrial m'majini.Koma izi n’zovuta pang’ono. Chifukwa zizindikiro za matenda amenewa zimasiyana kwambiri ndipo zimakhudza ziwalo zosiyanasiyana m’thupi, nthawi zina matendawa amatha kupezeka mochedwa, kapena angasokonezedwe ndi matenda ena. Chifukwa chake, chiwerengero chenicheni cha anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa chingakhale chokwera kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a mitochondrial ndi ziti?

Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Zizindikiro za matenda a mitochondrial zimatha kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi munthu ndi munthu. Komanso, zizindikiro zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu ndi malo a maselo omwe akhudzidwa ndi matendawa. Kwa anthu ena, zizindikirozo zimatha kukhala zosaonekera kwambiri , pomwe kwa ena, zimatha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zina zodziwika bwino zomwe zingawonekere ndi izi:

• Kuchedwa kukula (makamaka kwa ana aang'ono)
• Kufooka kwa minofu, kupweteka kwa minofu, kapena kuchepa kwa kamvekedwe ka minofu
• Kulephera kuwona ndi/kapena kumva bwino
• Kuchedwa kwa chitukuko kapena mavuto a chitukuko cha nzeru (monga mavuto a kuphunzira)
• Mavuto am'mimba monga kutsegula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa
• Kusanza popanda chifukwa
• Kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa asidi ndi/kapena kuvutika kumeza
• Kukhala ndi chizungulire (kukomoka)
• Mutu wopweteka kwambiri
• Kuvuta kupuma
• Kukomoka

Zizindikiro zimenezi zingayambe munthu akangobadwa, kapena zingawonekere munthu ali ndi zaka zilizonse. Dokotala nthawi zambiri amakayikira kuti matendawa ndi amtunduwu pamene zizindikiro zimawonekera m'ziwalo zingapo nthawi imodzi. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti ngakhale anthu omwe ali m'banja limodzi omwe ali ndi matenda a mitochondrial amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyana.

N’chifukwa chiyani matenda a mitochondrial amenewa amapezeka?

Mwachidule, chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a mitochondrial ndi kulephera kwa mitochondria m'maselo athu kupanga mphamvu zokwanira. Kuti mitochondria ipange mphamvu, iyenera kulandira malangizo olondola kuchokera ku 'DNA' ya thupi lathu (majini). Ngati pali kusintha kwa 'DNA' iyi (madokotala amatcha 'kusintha'), mitochondria silandira malangizo amenewo molondola. Kenako kupanga mphamvu kumachepa. Izi zitha kuwononga maselo, kapena maselo amatha kufa mwachangu. Izi ndi zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zathu ndi kuyambitsa zizindikiro.

Kodi munthu amadwala bwanji matenda a mitochondrial?

Matenda a Mitochondria ndi gulu la matenda a majini. Izi zikutanthauza kuti tingawalandire kuchokera kwa makolo athu. Cholowa ichi chingachitike m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:

1. Autosomal dominant: Izi zikutanthauza kuti matendawa amatha kuchitika ngakhale jini yosinthika yomwe imayambitsa matendawa yachokera kwa kholo limodzi lokha.

2. Autosomal recessive: Pankhaniyi, jini yomwe yakhudzidwayo iyenera kutengedwa kuchokera kwa makolo onse awiri kuti matendawa achitike.

Nthawi zina, ngakhale palibe m'banjamo amene adadwalapo matendawa, wina akhoza kudwala matendawa mwangozi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini (izi zimatchedwa `de novo mutation`).

Chinthu china chapadera ndi chakuti,Matenda ena a mitochondrial amabadwa kudzera mu 'DNA' yeniyeni ya mitochondria. Inde, mwamva bwino zimenezo. Kuwonjezera pa 'DNA' yomwe ili mu nyukiliyasi ya maselo athu, mitochondria ilinso ndi 'DNA' yawoyawo. Matenda a mitochondrial omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa 'mitochondrial DNA' iyi amabadwa kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa ana ake okha.

Kodi matenda ena angayambitse mavuto a mitochondrial?

Inde, imatchedwa secondary mitochondrial dysfunction . Apa ndi pamene mitochondria sigwira ntchito bwino chifukwa cha matenda ena kapena vuto lina. Matenda ena omwe angayambitse izi ndi awa:

• Matenda a Alzheimer
• Kusokonekera kwa minofu
• Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba
• Matenda a sclerosis ambiri (MS)
• Khansa

Ngati muli ndi vuto lachiwiri la mitochondrial, si matenda a mitochondrial omwe amabwera chifukwa cha majini.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mitochondrial?

Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matendawa, kapena ngati muli ndi vuto lina lomwe limayambitsa kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa mitochondrial, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a mitochondrial. Matendawa amatha kukhudza akuluakulu ndi ana aang'ono.

Kodi mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa ndi ati?

Matenda a Mitochondria amatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zathu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo:

• Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda
• Kukwapula
• Kulephera kwa Pancreatic
• Kulephera kwa parathyroid
• Matenda a shuga
• Kulephera kwa chiwindi
• Matenda a mtima
• Matenda a impso
• Dementia (kulephera kukumbukira ndi nzeru)
• Matenda a m'mimba
• Chikope chofooka (Ptosis)

Zina mwa zovutazi zimatha kupha anthu, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.

Kodi matenda a mitochondrial amapezeka bwanji?

Iyi ndi njira yovuta pang'ono. Dokotala amazindikira matenda a mitochondrial pambuyo poyesa kangapo. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuwunikanso bwino mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso mbiri yachipatala ya banja lanu.
• Kuwunika thupi lonse.
• Kuyezetsa ubongo.
• Kuyezetsa kagayidwe kachakudya, komwe kumaphatikizapo kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo. Ngati kuli kofunikira, kuyezetsa madzi a m'mitsempha ya ubongo (komwe kumadziwikanso kuti msana) kungachitikenso.
• Kuyezetsa DNA.

Kutengera ndi zizindikiro zanu ndi ziwalo za thupi lanu zomwe zakhudzidwa, mayeso ena apadera angachitike. Mwachitsanzo:

• Ngati pali zizindikiro za mavuto a mitsempha, mayeso a MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) kapena MRS (Spectroscopy) angachitike.
• Kuyezetsa kwa retina kapena mayeso a ERG (Electroretinogram) kumachitika kuti aone ngati pali vuto la masomphenya.
• Mayeso a EKG (Electrocardiogram) kapena Echocardiogram kuti aone zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi mtima.
• Mayeso a `Audiogram' a mavuto a kumva.
• Mayeso a `EEG (Electroencephalogram)` amachitidwa kuti aone mavuto okhudzana ndi ubongo pamene fitness ikuyandikira.

Mayeso apamwamba kwambiri angaphatikizepo kuyezetsa kwa biochemical, komwe kumayang'ana kusintha kwa mankhwala m'thupi omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kupanga mphamvu. Nthawi zina, dokotala angatenge chitsanzo chaching'ono cha khungu lanu kapena minofu yanu (biopsy) ndikuchiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu.

Kodi n'zovuta kuzindikira matenda a mitochondrial?

Inde, kuzindikira matenda a mitochondrial nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta. Izi zili choncho chifukwa matendawa amakhudza ziwalo ndi minofu yosiyanasiyana m'thupi, ndipo zizindikiro zake zimasiyana kwambiri. Palibe mayeso amodzi a labu omwe angakuuzeni ngati muli ndi matendawa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna dokotala yemwe ndi katswiri wa matenda awa kuti akuthandizeni.

Kodi matenda a mitochondrial amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha matenda a mitochondrial chimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda ndi zizindikiro zanu. Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa zizindikiro. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala oletsa kubwera kwa matenda a chimfine.
• Kumwa mavitamini kapena zakudya zowonjezera. Mwachitsanzo: Riboflavin, Coenzyme Q10, Carnitine.
• Kusintha kwa zakudya (zakudya) ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kuchiza thupi, chithandizo cha ntchito, kapena chithandizo cha kulankhula.
• Kuvala zida zothandizira kumva monga zothandizira kumva.

Mwatsoka, pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a matenda a mitochondrial. Chithandizochi cholinga chake ndi kupewa mavuto omwe angawononge moyo ndikukweza moyo mwa kuchepetsa zizindikiro. Chomwe chimagwira ntchito kwa munthu mmodzi sichingagwire ntchito kwa wina, ngakhale ndi matenda omwewo.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za mankhwalawa?

Inde, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse, pali zotsatirapo zina zomwe zingachitike. Ndikofunikira kukambirana izi ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe kulandira chithandizo. Izi zikuthandizani kumvetsetsa zotsatirapo zake za chithandizo chomwe mukulandira komanso zomwe mungayembekezere.

Kodi matenda a mitochondrial angapewedwe?

Pakadali pano palibe njira yodziwika yopewera matenda a mitochondrial omwe amabadwa nawo. Komabe, ngati muli ndi matendawa, mutha kupewa zina mwa zinthu zomwe zingapangitse kuti zizindikiro zanu zikhale zovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kukumana ndi kuzizira kwambiri ndi/kapena kutentha.
• Kudumpha chakudya.
• Kusagona mokwanira.
• Kupsinjika maganizo.

Nthawi zina dokotala angakulangizeni kuti musunge mphamvu zanu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti musagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zanu zonse munthawi yochepa.

Kodi mungakhale ndi moyo wautali bwanji ndi matenda a mitochondrial?

Dokotala wanu angayankhe bwino funsoli. Izi zimadalira zizindikiro zanu, ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Ana ndi akuluakulu ena amakhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino, monga momwe munthu wopanda matendawa amakhalira. Kwa ena, thanzi lawo limatha kusintha kwambiri pakapita nthawi yochepa. Kwa ena, zizindikiro zimatha kuonekera nthawi ndi nthawi m'miyoyo yawo yonse. Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala a matenda a mitochondrial, kafukufuku akupitilizabe kuti adziwe zambiri.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati zizindikiro za matenda anu a mitochondrial zikukhudza zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku mpaka kufika poti simungathe kuchita bwino ntchito, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zoopsa, monga khunyu kapena kupuma movutikira, imbani 911 kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi nthawi yomweyo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Mungathe kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Ndi matenda amtundu wanji a mitochondrial omwe amachititsa zizindikiro zanga?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chamtundu wanji?
• Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za mankhwalawa?
• Kodi ndiyenera kumwa mavitamini kapena zowonjezera mavitamini kangati?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa kudya zakudya zamtundu wanji?
• Kodi ndingasunge bwanji mphamvu zanga?
• Kodi pali magulu othandizira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mitochondrial?

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kupeza kuti inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi matenda a mitochondrial kungakhale kovuta kusankha. Popeza matendawa angakhudze ziwalo zambiri m'thupi, mungafunike kusintha moyo wanu. Koma kumbukirani kuti simuli nokha. Kuwonjezera pa chithandizo cha banja lanu ndi anzanu, gulu lanu lazaumoyo lingakuthandizeninso kupeza njira zodziwira matendawa komanso chithandizo.

Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala a matenda a mitochondrial, chithandizo chingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikuchepetsa kupitirira kwa matendawa. Chofunika kwambiri ndikukhalabe ndi chiyembekezo, kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu, ndikukhala ndi moyo wanu wonse.

Tikukhulupirira kuti mwapeza izi kukhala zothandiza. Tionananso ndi zina zofunika kwambiri zokhudza thanzi ngati izi!

Mitochondria , matenda a mitochondria, matenda a majini, mphamvu ya maselo, kupanga mphamvu, zizindikiro, chithandizo