Nthawi zina mwadzidzidzi mumamva ngati minofu kumbuyo kwanu yagwira, sichoncho? Kapena minofu ya mwendo wanu yakokedwa ndipo mumamva kupweteka kosapiririka. Nthawi zina ngati izi, dokotala angakulembereni mankhwala ochepetsa minofu, omwe amamasula minofu. Ndiye, kodi mankhwalawa ndi ati? Kodi amagwira ntchito bwanji kwenikweni? Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe tiyenera kusamala nazo tikamawagwiritsa ntchito? Tiyeni tikambirane zonsezi m'njira yosavuta lero.
Kodi izi ndi zotani zopumulira minofu?
Mwachidule, awa ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe dokotala amatipatsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokhudza ntchito ya minofu yathu komanso kuchiza mavuto ena okhudzana nawo.
- Kupweteka kwa minofu: Matenda opweteka omwe minofu imalimba mwadzidzidzi ndikufinya.
- Kusakhazikika: Matenda a mitsempha omwe amachititsa kuti minofu ikhale yolimba nthawi zonse komanso kuti isathe kugwedezeka kapena kutambasuka.
- Kupweteka kwa minofu ndi mafupa: Kupweteka komwe kumakhudzana ndi mafupa, mafupa, ndi minofu , makamaka kupweteka kwa msana.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mankhwala m'gululi yotchedwa 'Muscle Relaxants'. Ndi ``Antispasmodics'' ndi ``Antispastics''. Machitidwe, kagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndi zotsatirapo zake ndi zosiyana.
Chofunika kwambiri, m'nkhaniyi tikulankhula za mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa ku 'minofu ya mafupa' yomwe tingathe kuilamulira momwe tikufunira. Ndiko kuti, minofu yomwe imatithandiza kusuntha miyendo ndi kuyenda. Mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa ku 'minofu yosalala', yomwe ili m'malo monga matumbo ndi m'mimba mwathu, ndipo omwe sitingathe kulamulira, ndi osiyana.
Kodi ndingapeze izi ku pharmacy popanda mankhwala?
Ayi ndithu. Mankhwala awa ndi operekedwa ndi dokotala yekha. Dokotala wanu yekha ndi amene angadziwe bwino zizindikiro zanu ndikukupatsani mankhwala oyenera komanso mlingo woyenera malinga ndi thanzi lanu.
Pa ululu wa minofu yonse, nthawi zina mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala otchedwa ``NSAIDs`` (mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito ma steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Komabe, ``Muscle Relaxers`` ndi mtundu wina wa mankhwala, omwe angakhale ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa komanso zoopsa, motero ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala akuwalangiza.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya zopumulira minofu ndi iti?
Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa ena mwa mankhwala awa ndi mayina ena ofanana nawo. Ena mwa mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Sri Lanka.
| Gulu la Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo | Mankhwala (Dzina Lodziwika) |
|---|---|
| Mankhwala oletsa kupanikizika | Carisoprodol, Chlorzoxazone, Cyclobenzaprine, Metaxalone, Methocarbamol, Orphenadrine |
| Mankhwala oletsa kuuma kwa khosi | Baclofen, Dantrolene |
| Mitundu yomwe ili ndi ntchito zonse ziwiri zomwe zili pamwambapa (Zotsatira Zonse ziwiri) | Tizanidine, Diazepam (Valium®) |
Kodi mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika ziti?
Mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala yomwe takambirana kale imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana.
Mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kwa minofu (antispasmodic)
Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda otchedwa spasticity. Spasticity ndi matenda omwe minofu ina imauma ndikuchepa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kapena msana. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akamayesa kutambasula mkono wake, minofu yomwe ili m'dzanja lake imauma mwadzidzidzi ndipo sangathe kutero. Matendawa amatha kuwoneka m'matenda monga:
- Matenda a ubongo
- Matenda a sclerosis ambiri (MS)
- Kuvulala kwa msana
- Stroke
- Kuvulala kwa ubongo kapena mutu
- "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)"
Mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kwa minofu (antispasmodic)
Uwu ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe madokotala amapereka kwa anthu ambiri chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa msana ndi khosi. Koma pali chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe tonsefe tiyenera kudziwa apa.
Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri saperekedwa ngati chithandizo choyamba cha matenda monga kupweteka kwa msana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, madokotala amangogwiritsa ntchito `Muscle Relaxers' ngati atayesapo mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi physiotherapy poyamba koma alephera. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi zotsatirapo zake komanso chiopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina ya mankhwala.
Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji kwenikweni?
Mankhwala ambiri opumulira minofu amagwira ntchito pokhudza dongosolo lathu la mitsempha, lomwe ndi ubongo ndi msana. Amachedwetsa ntchito ya dongosolo lathu la mitsempha (zoletsa nkhawa). Ichi ndichifukwa chake thupi limamva tulo komanso kupumula. Mankhwala ena amaletsa mwachindunji zizindikiro za ululu kufika ku ubongo.
Mwachidule, mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pofooketsa zizindikiro zomwe ubongo wathu umatumiza ku minofu yathu kuti "tizilimbitsa, timve ululu." Izi zimapangitsa minofu kumasuka komanso ululu uchepe.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?
Monga mankhwala ena onse, mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za zotsatirapo zake zomwe zingachitike ndi mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa.
Nazi zina mwa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri:
- Kugona ndi kutopa kwambiri
- Chizungulire
- Kusanza
- Mutu
- Pakamwa pouma
Zina mwa izi, makamaka kugona, zimachitika mwa anthu ambiri. Koma ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, monga chizungulire kapena kusawona bwino, uzani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi kumwa mankhwalawa kumakupangitsani kugona?
Inde, ndithudi. Ichi ndiye vuto lalikulu komanso lofala kwambiri la mtundu uwu wa mankhwala. Chifukwa chakuti mankhwalawa amachepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa mitsempha, chidwi chanu ndi luso lanu lochitapo kanthu zimachepa.
Choncho, mukamamwa mankhwalawa, pewani zinthu zomwe zimafuna kusamala komanso chitetezo, monga kuyendetsa galimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito makina olemera, komanso kugwira ntchito pamalo okwera. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pa chitetezo chanu ndi cha ena.
Zoopsa zazikulu: kuledzera, uchidakwa, ndi kumwa mopitirira muyeso
Pali zoopsa zingapo zomwe tiyenera kuzidziwa makamaka tikamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Kodi mungakhale ndi chizolowezi cha mankhwala awa?
Inde. Mankhwala ena opumulira minofu amatha kuyambitsa chizolowezi. Makamaka, Carisoprodol ndi Diazepam (Valium®) amaonedwa kuti ndi zinthu zomwe zimalamuliridwa. Mukapitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito, thupi limatha kudalira pa iwo ndikuyamba kudalira pa iwo.
Ngati inu kapena wina m'banja mwanu muli ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala awa. Ngati mukumva ngati mukuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, musamwe mankhwala opitirira mlingo womwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi kumwa mowa ndi mankhwala ochepetsa minofu n'koopsa?
Ngati izi ndiSi bwino kuchita chilichonse, ndipo chingakhale choopsa pa moyo. `Zopumula minofu` ndi mowa ndi `zochepetsa nkhawa` zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu ya mitsempha yathu. Zikaphatikizidwa pamodzi, zotsatira zake zimatha kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zoopsa monga:
- Chizungulire chosapiririka
- Kugona tulo topitirira muyeso
- Maso osawoneka bwino
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika kwambiri
- Kutaya chidziwitso ndi kugwa
- Mavuto okumbukira
- Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi
- Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha imfa chifukwa cha kumwa mopitirira muyeso
Nanga bwanji ngati nditamwa mankhwala opitirira muyeso?
Popeza mankhwala amenewa akhoza kukhala osokoneza bongo, anthu ena amawagwiritsa ntchito molakwika pazifukwa zina osati zachipatala, monga kuledzera kapena kuyambitsa vuto lina la maganizo. Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri.
Kumwa mankhwala mopitirira muyeso kungayambitse zizindikiro zazikulu monga:
- Kusintha kwa chidziwitso, kutaya chidziwitso
- Kuona zinthu molakwika
- Kugwidwa ndi khunyu
- Kuvutika maganizo kwa kupuma
- Kumangidwa kwa mtima
- Chikomokere
- Imfa
Ngati inuyo kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, musazengereze ndipo nthawi yomweyo mupite naye ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi (ETU) yapafupi. Komanso, ngati mukukayikira kuti mwamwa mankhwala opitirira muyeso, mutha kuyimbiranso National Poisons Information Centre ku Chipatala cha Colombo National Hospital kuti akupatseni upangiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala opumula minofu ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala walemba. Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa kwa wina kapena kugawana mankhwala anu ndi ena.
- Mankhwalawa angayambitse kugona kwambiri. Choncho, pewani kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina oopsa mukamamwa mankhwalawa.
- Chofunika kwambiri: Pewani kumwa mowa kotheratu mukamamwa mankhwalawa. Zingakhale ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa kwambiri.
- Mitundu ina imakhala ndi chiopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati mukuona kuti mukudalira mankhwalawo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngati zotsatirapo zake zikukuvutitsani kapena zizindikiro zanu sizikuchepa, pitani kwa dokotala kachiwiri. Pewani kusintha mlingo nokha.
- Ngati zizindikiro za kumwa mopitirira muyeso (kugona kwambiri, kutaya chikumbumtima, kupuma movutikira), pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
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