Kodi muli ndi 'mlatho' ngati uwu mumtima mwanu? (Mlatho wa Myocardial) Tiyeni tiphunzire za izi.

Nthawi zina m'miyoyo yathu, zinthu zosayembekezereka zimachitika, sichoncho? Makamaka pankhani ya thanzi lathu lakuthupi, pali matenda ena omwe sitinamvepo. Koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwadziwa. Lero tikambirana za vuto la mtima lomwe ndi lachilendo pang'ono, koma lingakhudze anthu ena. Dzinali limatchedwa (Myocardial Bridge). Mwina simunamvepo za dzinali, koma tidzakambirana mwachidule, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi mlatho uwu wa myocardial ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mtima wanu uli ndi mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi, yomwe timaitcha kuti mitsempha ya mtima . Mitsempha iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala pamwamba pa minofu ya mtima. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, imadutsa pamwamba pa mtima. Komabe, mu mkhalidwe uwu wotchedwa (Myocardial Bridge), chomwe chimachitika ndichakuti m'malo modutsa pamwamba pa minofu ya mtima, gawo la mitsempha ya mtima iyi yomwe ili mumtima mwanu imadutsa pansi pa minofu. Zili ngati ngalande yaying'ono, kapena ngati kulowa pansi pa mlatho. Ndicho chimene madokotala amatcha chidutswa cha minofu ya mtima yomwe ili pamwamba pa mtsempha wamagazi umenewo (Myocardial Bridge).

Tangoganizani, nthawi zina, mtima ukagunda, ndiko kuti, minofu ya mtima ikagundana, mlatho wa minofu pamwamba pake ukhoza kukanikiza mtsempha wamagazi womwe uli pansipa. Zili ngati munthu akaponda pa chitoliro chamadzi, madzi amachepa. Nanga chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mutakankhira pa icho motere? Kupanikizika kumeneko kungalepheretse kuyenda kwa magazi. Kenako minofu ya mtima singalandire magazi okwanira okosijeni omwe imafuna.

Mukudziwa, mitsempha ya mtima ndi njira zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Minofu yathu ya mtima, monga ziwalo zina zonse za thupi lathu, imafunikira mpweya. Mpweya uwu umabweretsedwa kwa ife ndi mitsempha ya mtima. Choncho ngati magazi awa atsekedwa, mavuto angabuke.

Kawirikawiri, vutoli (Myocardial Bridge) limapezeka kumanzere kwa mtima, mtsempha waukulu womwe umatsika (Kumanzere Anterior Descending Artery) , kapena monga momwe madokotala amatchulira (LAD) . Uwu ndi mtsempha waukulu womwe umapereka magazi kukhoma lakutsogolo la mtima ndi ziwalo zina zofunika. Komabe, vutoli likhoza kuchitika mu mtsempha uliwonse womwe umabweretsa magazi kumtima, pamlingo waukulu kapena wochepa.

Kodi vutoli lotchedwa (Myocardial Bridge) ndi loopsa? Kodi ndi lofala bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri, kukhala ndi mlatho wa myocardial sikubweretsa mavuto ambiri. Anthu ambiri amakhala moyo wamba osadziwa kuti ali nawo komanso opanda zizindikiro zilizonse. Ndicho chowonadi.

Komabe, nthawi zina, monga tanenera kale, ngati minofu ya mtima yasowa mpweya, mungamve kupweteka pachifuwa kotchedwa angina . Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mtima wanu umayamba kugunda mofulumira, monga panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Atafunsidwa kuti vutoli ndi lofala bwanji, ofufuza amati myocardial bridge ndi vuto lofala kwambiri koma silipezeka mokwanira kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kuchuluka kwake kumasiyana malinga ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira vutoli. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina, pakati pa 16% ndi 30% ya anthu omwe amapezeka ndi vutoli kudzera mu mayeso monga angiograms, amati vutoli likhoza kupezeka mwa anthu ambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ambiri akhoza kukhala nalo kuposa momwe mungaganizire.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, akamakalamba kapena kuyamba matenda ena (monga kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena matenda a shuga), anthu ena amatha kuyamba zizindikiro. Nthawi zina zimatenga zaka kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere.

Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kupweteka pachifuwa ((Angina)) . Izi nthawi zambiri zimamveka:

• Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuthamanga, kapena kukwera masitepe
• Mukakhala ndi nkhawa, nkhawa, kapena chisoni chachikulu
• Nthawi zina zimathanso kuchitika mutadya chakudya chambiri.

Mmene ululu uwu umafotokozedwera zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Ena angamve ngati ukukanikizidwa, kukanidwa, kapena kulemedwa.

Zizindikiro zina nthawi zina zimakhala zofanana ndi za matenda a mtima, choncho muyenera kudziwa izi:

• Kupuma movutikira : Kumva ngati ukuvutika kupuma ngakhale utachita khama pang'ono.
• Kugunda kwa mtima : Chifuwa chingamve ngati chikugunda kapena chikugunda.
• Chizungulire : Mungamve chizungulire, mwinanso kukomoka.

Chofunika: Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe zikusonyeza kuti muli ndi matenda a mtima (kupweteka pachifuwa kwambiri, kupweteka komwe kumatuluka m'manja mwanu, thukuta, kusanza), muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Musazengereze.

Nchifukwa chiyani izi (Myocardial Bridge) zimachitika?

Funso ili ndi yankho losavuta. Mlatho wa Myocardial ndi vuto lobadwa nalo . Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi chinthu chomwe mumabadwa nacho . Mtima ukakula m'mimba mwa mwana wosabadwayo, mtsempha wamagaziwo umapangidwa mwanjira yomwe imalowa mu minofu. Palibe chifukwa chenicheni cha izi, zimangochitika zokha.

Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto otani?

Ndipotu, mavuto akuluakulu ochokera ku mlatho wa mtima ndi osowa kwambiri. Komabe, nthawi zina, makamaka akaphatikizidwa ndi matenda ena, zinthuzi zimatha kuchitika. Simuyenera kuopa izi, koma dziwani izi:

• Kufooka kwa Myocardial: Monga tanenera kale, pamene mtsempha wamagazi watsekeka, minofu ya mtima singalandire mpweya wokwanira. Apa ndi pamene zinthu monga kupweteka pachifuwa zimachitika.
• Mitsempha ya Coronary Vasospasm: Nthawi zina mitsempha iyi imatha kutsekeka mwadzidzidzi komanso moopsa, zomwe zingasokonezenso kuyenda kwa magazi.
• Kuchuluka kwa ma plaque a atherosclerosis pafupi ndi mlatho wa myocardial: Zapezeka kuti ma plaque amasonkhana pamakoma a mtsempha wamagazi pafupi ndi mlatho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtsemphawo ukhale wopapatiza. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti momwe magazi amayendera kudzera mu mlathowo zimasintha.
• Matenda a mtima oopsa: Izi zitha kukhala matenda a mtima kapena angina wosakhazikika.
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika: Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika kumatha kuchitika komwe kumayambira m'zipinda zapansi pa mtima.
• Matenda a Mtima Wosweka: Ichi ndi kufooka kwa mtima kwakanthawi komwe kungachitike pambuyo pa kupsinjika kwakukulu.
• Matenda a Mtima: Ngakhale kuti ndi osowa, matenda a mtima amatha kuchitika ngati magazi atsekedwa kwathunthu.
• Imfa ya Mtima Yodzidzimutsa: Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, koma n'zotheka.

Kumbukirani kuti mavuto amenewa ndi osowa kwambiri .

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji kupezeka kwa izi (Myocardial Bridge)?

Zingadziwike mwangozi mukapita kwa dokotala chifukwa muli ndi zizindikiro, kapena panthawi yoyezetsa pazifukwa zina. Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti muli ndi mlatho wa myocardial, angachite mayeso otsatirawa:

• Angiogram ya mtima: Iyi ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri. Mu mayesowa, chubu chaching'ono chimayikidwa kudzera mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu kapena mwendo wanu ndikutsogoleredwa ku mitsempha ya mtima wanu. Kenako utoto wapadera umalowetsedwamo ndipo zithunzi za X-ray zimatengedwa. Izi zimathandiza kuti kuchepa kwa mtsempha kuwonekere bwino.
• Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS): Mu izi, nthawi yomweyo angiogram, chipangizo chaching'ono cha ultrasound chimalowetsedwa mu mtsempha kuti chione momwe makoma amkati mwa mtsempha ndi mlatho zikukanikizidwira mwamphamvu.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Mofanana ndi IVUS, iyi ndi njira ina yapamwamba yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kuti ione mkati mwa mtsempha wamagazi.
• Coronary Computed Tomography Angiogram (CT Angiogram): Iyi ndi CT scan. Imagwiritsanso ntchito utoto kuti ipange zithunzi za mitsempha ya mtima ya magawo atatu. Izi zingathandize kudziwa ngati pali mlatho wa myocardial ndi kutalika kwake komanso kuya kwake.

Kodi pali mankhwala a izi? Kodi mumachita bwanji?

Inde, pali mankhwala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro. Si aliyense amene amafunika opaleshoni. Dokotala wanu ndiye adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu. Tiyeni tiwone mankhwala awa:

• Mankhwala: Mankhwala nthawi zambiri amakhala chisankho choyamba. Izi zikuphatikizapo (Beta-blockers) ndi (Calcium Channel Blockers).Amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otchedwa "okari". Mankhwalawa amawongolera kugunda kwa mtima pang'ono, amawonjezera nthawi yomwe mitsempha yamagazi imapumula pakati pa kugunda kwa mtima, komanso amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kwa anthu ena, mankhwala otchedwa (Ivabradine) amaperekedwanso ngati njira ina.
• Opaleshoni: Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe sizingathe kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala, kapena ngati mlatho uli wozama kwambiri komanso wautali, opaleshoni ingalimbikitsidwe.
• Njira imodzi imatchedwa (Surgical Myotomy) . Izi zikutanthauza kudula ndi kuchotsa mlatho wa minofu pamwamba pa mtsempha wamagazi (kutsegula denga). Koma izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati mlathowo uli waufupi komanso wosaya kwambiri.
• Njira ina imatchedwa Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (CABG) . Izi zimaphatikizapo kudutsa malo otsekedwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidutswa cha mtsempha wamagazi chotengedwa kuchokera ku gawo lina la thupi (nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku mwendo kapena mkati mwa chifuwa) kuti apange njira ina yopititsira magazi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ngati mlathowo ndi wautali komanso wozama.
• Kuika stent: Njira ina ndiyo kuyika stent. Stent ndi chubu chaching'ono chachitsulo chomwe chimawoneka ngati ukonde. Chimayikidwa mkati mwa mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa ndipo chimatuluka kuchokera mkati. Kenako, ngakhale minofu itatsekedwa, stent imasunga mtsemphawo wotseguka, zomwe zimathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda mosavuta. Komabe, pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana okhudza kuyika stent pankhaniyi. Nthawi zina, stent imatha kusweka kapena kutsekekanso, kotero madokotala amapanga zisankho izi mosamala kwambiri.

Kodi ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani ngati ndili ndi mlatho wa myocardial?

Monga anthu ambiri, mwina muli ndi vuto la mtima ndipo mulibe zizindikiro zilizonse. Anthu otere safuna chithandizo chapadera. Ngati pali zizindikiro, nthawi zambiri zimatha kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala.

Ngati zizindikiro sizikuchepa ndi mankhwala, opaleshoni (myotomy kapena bypass) kapena stent placement ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Ngati mlatho wa myocardial ukuchotsedwa opaleshoni, ndi bwino kusankha chipatala chokhala ndi madokotala odziwa bwino ntchito omwe amachita opaleshoni yotere nthawi zambiri.

Ichi (Myocardial Bridge) si chinthu chomwe chingachiritse chokha popanda kuchotsedwa opaleshoni. Koma anthu ambiri safunika opaleshoni.

Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli akulimbana bwanji ndi vutoli?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi Myocardial Bridge amakhala ndi moyo wautali komanso amakhala ndi thanzi labwino kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima kumadalira ngati muli ndi matenda ena. Mu kafukufuku wina, pafupifupi 90% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima anali akadali ndi moyo zaka 10 kuchokera pamene adapezeka ndi matendawa. Komabe, ngati anali ndi matenda ena a mtima, monga matenda a mitsempha ya mtima (CAD), kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa kunali kotsika pang'ono.

Kodi ndiyenera kusamalira bwanji thanzi langa?

Popeza kukhala ndi mlatho wa myocardial kwapezeka kuti kumawonjezera pang'ono chiopsezo cha mafuta m'mitsempha (atherosclerosis), dokotala wanu mwina angakulangizeni kuti muwongolere zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse vutoli. Izi ndizofunikira kaya muli ndi zizindikiro kapena ayi.

• Pewani Kusuta: Chofunika kwambiri kuti mupewe matenda a atherosclerosis ndi kupewa fodya kotheratu. Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, funsani dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni kusiya kusuta.
• Lamulirani zinthu zina zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo: Ngati muli ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, kapena cholesterol yambiri, yang'anirani bwino.
• Zakudya zabwino: Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, shuga, ndi mchere wochepa, komanso zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ali oyenera kwa inu, ndipo muwachite nthawi zonse.
• Imwani mankhwala anu moyenera: Ngati muli kale ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mtima (CAD), ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala anu oletsa magazi (ochepetsa magazi) ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi (mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi) nthawi yomweyo komanso panthawi yake monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukumwa mankhwala oyenera komanso momwe zizindikiro zanu zilili. Ndikofunikanso kupita kukaonana ndi dokotala mukatha opaleshoni kapena mutayikidwa stent.

Monga tanenera kale, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a mtima (monga kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, thukuta), imbani 911 nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku chipinda chapafupi chadzidzidzi.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Mukazindikira kuti muli ndi vuto la mtima, ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi mafunso ambiri m'maganizo mwanu. Mutha kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kangati kuti ndikaone ngati ndakumana ndi vuto langa?
• Kodi ndikufunika mankhwala kapena ndikufunika opaleshoni?
• N’chifukwa chiyani mukundilimbikitsa njira imeneyi ya chithandizo? Kodi ubwino wake ndi wotani kwa ine? Kodi pali kuipa kulikonse?
• Ndi kusintha kotani komwe ndiyenera kusintha pa zakudya ndi moyo wanga?
• Kodi ndingathe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi? Ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi otani omwe ndi abwino?

Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso nkhawa mukamva kuti pali vuto ndi mtima wanu. Koma kumbukirani, kwa anthu ambiri, mlatho wa myocardial si chinthu chodetsa nkhawa nacho. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni chithandizo chabwino kwambiri.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, tsopano mwamvetsa bwino zomwe tidakambirana (Myocardial Bridge). Mwachidule:

• Mlatho wa myocardial ndi vuto lobadwa nalo lomwe mitsempha ya mtima imadutsa mu minofu.
• Kwa anthu ambiri, izi sizimayambitsa zizindikiro kapena vuto lililonse.
• Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa (angina), makamaka akatopa.
• Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimatha kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala. Nthawi zina, opaleshoni kapena kupukutidwa ndi stent kungakhale kofunikira.
• Kusintha kwa moyo (kusiya kusuta fodya, kudya zakudya zoyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi) ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha atherosclerosis.
• Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa kapena zizindikiro za matenda a mtima, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ndikofunikira kusamalira mtima wanu. Kudziwa za matendawa kudzakuthandizani kupeza chithandizo msanga ngati pakufunika kutero komanso kudzakuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Mlatho wa myocardial , matenda a mtima, angina, mitsempha ya mtima, opaleshoni ya mtima, stent, thanzi la mtima