Kodi ndinu munthu amene amangoganizira za inu nokha ndi kunyoza ena? Kodi izi zingakhale Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD)?

Tonsefe tili ndi anthu amene amadziona kuti ndi apamwamba kwambiri ndipo saganizira za momwe ena akumvera. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuchita ndi anthu amenewa. Amaganiza kuti ali pamwamba pa dziko lapansi ndipo aliyense ndi wotsika kuposa iwo. Kodi izi zingakhaledi vuto la maganizo? Inde, limatchedwa Narcissistic Personality Disorder, kapena `(Narcissistic Personality Disorder - NPD)`. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane lero.

Kodi vuto la kudzikuza (NPD) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, vuto la kudzikuza ndi vuto la thanzi la maganizo. Limakhudza momwe mumaonera nokha komanso ubale wanu ndi ena. Munthu amene ali ndi NPD amakhala ndi chilakolako chosatha chofuna kusangalatsa ena komanso kudziona kuti ndi wofunika. Chilakolakochi chingakhale champhamvu kwambiri moti chingayambitse makhalidwe oipa kwa inu ndi anthu omwe ali pafupi nanu.

Dzina lakuti "narcissistic" limachokera kwa mlenje wa nthano wachigiriki Narcissus. Malinga ndi nkhaniyi, Narcissus anasangalala kwambiri ndi kukongola kwake kotero kuti sanathe kusiya kuyang'ana chithunzi chake m'madzi. Pamapeto pake, akuti anamwalira akuyang'ana chithunzi chake.

Komabe, ngakhale anthu ambiri amagwirizanitsa mawu oti "Nazi" ndi maonekedwe, NPD sikutanthauza maonekedwe anu okha. Ikhozanso kukhudza zinthu zina zomwe muli nazo, monga nzeru zanu, luso lanu lolankhula, luso lanu la zaluso, luso lanu la masewera, chuma, mphamvu, ndi kupambana .

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Akatswiri sakudziwa bwino momwe NPD imafalikira. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti pakati pa 0.5% ndi 5% ya anthu aku America akhoza kukhala ndi vutoli. Akutinso pakati pa 50% ndi 75% ya omwe ali ndi vutoli ndi amuna .

Komabe, anthu ambiri amabisa zikhulupiriro zawo ndi makhalidwe awo odzikonda. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa "kudzikonda mobisa." Chifukwa chake, n'zovuta kwambiri kuyerekeza molondola kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi NPD.

Kodi zizindikiro za vuto la umunthu wodzikuza ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za NPD zonse zimagwirizana ndi maganizo anu, momwe mukumvera, ndi zochita zanu . Buku la American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, buku lachisanu losinthidwa (DSM-5-TR™) limatchula zinthu zisanu ndi zinayi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zizindikiro zomwe zili pansi pa izi zitha kuwoneka kwa ena motere:

1. Kukhala ndi kudzikuza kwambiri:

• Amaona kuti luso lawo ndi lofunika kwambiri, kapena amaika zolinga zomwe ndi zapamwamba kwambiri moti sangathe kuzikwaniritsa.
• Amakokomeza ngakhale zinthu zazing'ono zomwe adachita, ndipo amakokomeza zomwe akwanitsa.

2. Kulota nthawi zonse kuti upeze kapena ukufuna zinthu izi:

• Kupambana
• Mphamvu
• Luntha
• Wokongola
• Chikondi
• Kukhutira ndi iwe mwini.

3. Chikhulupiriro chakuti wina ndi wapamwamba kuposa ena:

• Ndikuganiza kuti ndine munthu wapadera komanso wapadera.
• Amakhulupirira kuti ayenera kuyanjana ndi anthu okhawo omwe ali "ofunika" ngati iwo.

4. Kufuna kuyamikiridwa ndi kuyamikiridwa ndi ena nthawi zonse:

• Kudzidalira n'kofooka kwambiri.
• Amadzikayikira nthawi zonse, amadziimba mlandu, ndipo amamva kuti alibe phindu.
• Nthawi zonse ndimada nkhawa ndi zomwe anthu ena amaganiza za ine.
• Mumachita zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti ena akuyamikireni. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo monena kuti, "Sindili bwino pa izi," munganene kuti, "Ayi, ndinu waluso kwambiri."

5. Maganizo akuti chilichonse chiyenera kukhala momwe iwo akufunira komanso kuti ayenera kuchitiridwa mwapadera:

• Amadziona kuti ndi ofunika kwambiri.
• Amayembekezera chithandizo chapadera chachilendo.
• Amakwiya ena akamalephera kuwamvera kapena kuwasangalatsa. Taganizirani ngati kuyesa kufika patsogolo pa mzere ndikuyembekezera kuti aliyense awaike patsogolo.

6. Chiyeso chogwiritsa ntchito ena kuti apindule:

• Modziwa kapena mosadziwa, amagwiritsa ntchito ena.
• Amasunga mabwenzi ndi mabwenzi okhawo omwe amawaona kuti ndi abwino kuti adzilemekeze komanso kuti akhale ndi udindo.
• Amagwiritsa ntchito dala ena kuti akwaniritse zolinga zawo zadyera.

7. Kusowa chifundo:

• Amanena zinthu zomwe zimapweteka ena.
• Amaona mmene ena akumvera, zosowa zawo, ndi zofuna zawo ngati kufooka kwawo.
• Kukoma mtima ndi chidwi chomwe ena akuonetsani sichikufanana. Tangoganizirani, mnzanu akakumana ndi vuto lalikulu, mumadzitamandira chifukwa cha kupambana kwanu m'malo momvetsera mavuto ake. Ndi momwe zilili.

8. Nsanje yobwerezabwereza:

• Ndimachita nsanje ena akapambana, makamaka akakhala apamwamba kuposa ine.
• Ndikuganiza kuti ena amandichitira nsanje.
• Amanyoza ndi kunyoza luso ndi kupambana kwa ena.

9. Khalidwe lodzikuza;

• Amachita ngati kuti saganizira za ena ndipo akusonyeza kukondera.
• Kuchita zinthu mopanda ulemu komanso mwamwano.
• Amalankhula ndi ena monyoza komanso monyoza.

Kuwonjezera pa mfundo zazikulu zisanu ndi zinayi izi, anthu omwe ali ndi NPD akhoza kusonyeza makhalidwe ena osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kuopa kusonyeza kufooka, kuyesera kupewa.
• Amapewa ena chifukwa amamva kuti ndi ofooka.
• Kuyesa kuchita chilichonse mwangwiro (`(Perfectionism)`) (zomwe zingakhale bwino kapena ayi, ndi mantha olephera).
• Kudzudzulidwa, kukanidwa, ndi kulephera n'zosapiririka. Ngakhale zinthu zazing'ono kwambiri zimaonedwa mumtima.
• Kukana kapena kulephera kungayambitse kuvutika maganizo kwambiri.
• Ngati akumva kuti akutsutsidwa kapena kukanidwa, amakwiya kwambiri (`(mkwiyo)`) .
• Amanamizira kudzichepetsa kuti abise malingaliro awo ndikuteteza ukulu wawo.
• Amapewa zochitika zomwe angalephere, ndipo pali mwayi waukulu woti zimenezo zichitike. Izi zingachepetse zomwe akwanitsa.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti kungoti munthu ali ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa zizindikirozi sizikutanthauza kuti ali ndi NPD. Dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yekha ndi amene angadziwe bwino matendawa.

Kodi zifukwa za NPD ndi ziti?

Popeza NPD ndi matenda amisala, akatswiri sanganene chifukwa chake izi zimachitika. Ngakhale kuti kusintha pang'ono kwawonedwa mu kapangidwe ka ubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi NPD, sizikudziwikabe ngati kusinthaku kumayambitsa NPD kapena ngati NPD imayambitsa kusinthako.

Pali zinthu zingapo zazikulu zomwe zapezeka zomwe zimathandizira pakukula kwa NPD:

• Majini: Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD amakhala ndi makolo kapena achibale apamtima omwe ali ndi vutoli. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakhoza kukhala chikoka cha majini chomwe chimachitika m'mabanja.
• Kuyang'anitsitsa ndi Kutsanzira: Kuyambira ali aang'ono, ana amaona ndikutsanzira zinthu zomwe amaona, makamaka machitidwe a makolo awo ndi osamalira, ndipo makhalidwe amenewo amatha kukula kukhala NPD.
• Zokumana nazo zovuta paubwana: Kuvulala paubwana, kukanidwa, kunyalanyazidwa, ndi kusowa chithandizo kungathandize kukulitsa makhalidwe odzikonda.
• Kalembedwe ka makolo: Kudziletsa kwambiri, kuteteza kwambiri, komanso kulowerera pa chilichonse (helicopter parenting) kungapangitse ana kuyembekezera ndi kufuna chisamaliro chomwecho kuchokera kwa ena akamakula. Izi zingalepheretsenso ana kuphunzira kulamulira ndi kulamulira malingaliro awo. Kenako, akalephera kupeza zomwe akufuna, zimakhala zovuta kulamulira malingaliro awo.
• Chikhalidwe: Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti chikhalidwe chomwe mumakulira chingakhudzenso chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a NPD. Zikhalidwe zomwe zimalemekeza umunthu ndi kudziyimira pawokha zikuwoneka kuti zili ndi chiopsezo chachikulu. Anthu omwe amakulira m'zikhalidwe zomwe zimalemekeza mgwirizano wa anthu onse komanso mgwirizano sakhala ndi mwayi wochuluka wotenga matenda a NPD.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha NPD ndi ati?

Nthenda ya NPD imachitika kawirikawiri limodzi ndi matenda ena amisala. Nazi zina mwa mavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri:

• Matenda a maganizo kapena matenda a bipolar: Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD amakhala ndi nkhawa komanso kuvutika maganizo. Matenda a bipolar nawonso ndi ofala pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi NPD.
• Matenda ena a umunthu:Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo matenda a borderline personality disorder (BPD) ndi matenda a antisocial personality disorder (ASPD).
• Matenda a dysmorphic a thupi (`(matenda a dysmorphic a thupi)`): Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD angakumanenso ndi vutoli (lomwe limatchedwanso ``dysmorphia ya thupi``). Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha malingaliro oipa okhudza thupi lawo ndi mawonekedwe awo.
• Matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (SUDs): Ngati zenizeni sizikuyenda momwe amayembekezera, anthu omwe ali ndi NPD angayambe kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zinthu zoyambitsa matenda monga cocaine ndizofala kwambiri, chifukwa ndi mtundu wa anthu omwe ali ndi NPD omwe amawafuna kwambiri.
• Kudzipha: Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD amatha kuvutika maganizo kwambiri komanso kutaya mtima akakumana ndi mavuto, kulephera, komanso kukanidwa. Izi zitha kukhala kudzipha kokonzekera kuposa "kupempha thandizo" mwadzidzidzi. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi NPD ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodzipha. Nkhaniyi ndi yoopsa kwambiri.

Kodi matenda a narcissistic personality disorder amapezedwa bwanji?

Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala, nthawi zambiri dokotala wa matenda amisala kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo, amazindikira matenda a NPD. Adzakulankhulani ndikukufunsani mafunso okhudza moyo wanu komanso ubale wanu ndi ena (makamaka banja, anzanu, ndi okondedwa anu). Angafunsenso mafunso kuti athetse matenda ena omwe angayambitse zizindikiro zofanana.

Muyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zisanu mwa zisanu ndi zinayi zomwe zili m'buku la American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-5-TR™) kuti mupeze matenda a NPD. Pakadali pano palibe mayeso enieni a labu kapena mayeso ojambula zithunzi omwe angapeze matenda a NPD.

Kodi mankhwala a NPD ndi otani?

Chithandizo chachikulu cha NPD ndi mtundu wina wa psychotherapy.

Zina mwa njira zochiritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa NPD ndi izi:

• Chithandizo cha khalidwe la dialectical (DBT)
• Chithandizo cha khalidwe la chidziwitso (`(Chithandizo cha khalidwe la chidziwitso - CBT)`)
• Chithandizo cha metacognitive (`(chithandizo cha metacognitive)`)
• Chithandizo chamagulu (`(Chithandizo chamagulu)`)
• Chithandizo cha mabanja kapena cha mabanja

Popeza pali njira zambiri zochiritsira, katswiri wanu wa zamaganizo ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri woti akuuzeni zambiri za njira zosiyanasiyanazi. Mutha kuwafunsa mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo okhudza momwe njirazi zimagwirira ntchito komanso njira yoyenera kwa inu.

Mankhwala a NPD

Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala omwe amachiza mwachindunji NPD. Komabe, mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza zizindikiro za matenda ena omwe angakhale okhudzana ndi matendawa, monga nkhawa ndi kuvutika maganizo. Mankhwala ena omwe angathandize ndi awa:

• Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo
• Mankhwala oletsa nkhawa (`(Mankhwala oletsa nkhawa / anxiolytics)`)
• Mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala
• Mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kwa mutu - Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa amathandiza kwambiri khunyu, mankhwala ena, monga lamotrigine, angathandize kukhazika mtima pansi.

Ngati ndili ndi NPD, ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD nthawi zina sangadziwe za matendawa. Ena sangadziwe kwa zaka zambiri kapena zaka zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, vuto kapena vuto lodetsa nkhawa limayambitsa zizindikiro zonse. Nazi zitsanzo za zochitika kapena zochitika zotere:

• Kusintha kwakukulu koipa: Zinthu monga kutsika pantchito, kutayika kwa ntchito, ndi kulephera kugwira ntchito.
• Mavuto aumwini: kusweka kwa ubale, kusudzulana.
• Mavuto ena a moyo: Matenda kapena kusintha komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha ukalamba, makamaka omwe amakhudza kuthekera kokhala paokha, kapena imfa ya wokondedwa.
• Zosankha: Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD angapemphe thandizo pokhapokha ngati okondedwa awo apempha thandizo kapena akulimbikira.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha matenda a NPD ndi chotani?

Chiyembekezo cha NPD, kutanthauza kuti, kuthekera kochira, chimadalira zinthu zingapo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Zizindikiro zanu: Zizindikiro zina za NPD zingakupangitseni kuti musamafune thandizo kapena kulandira chithandizo. Anthu omwe safuna kuoneka ofooka, makamaka omwe safuna kuonedwa ngati ofooka, sangasamale momwe amadziwidwira matenda.
• Kuopsa kwa matenda anu a NPD: Ngati afika poipa kwambiri, akhoza kusokoneza kwambiri moyo wanu. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a NPD oopsa nthawi zambiri amakhala aukali, okonda mikangano, komanso samvera chisoni anthu ena. Komanso safuna thandizo kapena kufunafuna chithandizo.
• Matenda ena omwe muli nawo: Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD angakhale ndi mavuto ena ngati ali ndi matenda ena. Mwachitsanzo, nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, matenda ena a umunthu (makamaka matenda osagwirizana ndi anthu), komanso matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo angapangitse NPD kukhala yoipa kwambiri.

Popeza pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza izi, munthu wabwino kwambiri woti mufunse za momwe matenda anu alili ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo. Angakupatseni zambiri zokhudza zomwe mungayembekezere komanso zomwe mungachite kuti muthandize.

Kodi NPD ingapewedwe kapena chiopsezo chotenga matendawa chingachepe?

Matenda a NPD amapezeka pazifukwa zomwe akatswiri samvetsa bwino. Amathanso kuchitika m'mabanja. Pazifukwa zonsezi, inu kapena mwana wanu simungathe kuletsa matendawa kuti asakule.

Komabe, momwe mumalerera ana anu, ndiko kuti, momwe mumasinthira njira yanu yolerera ana kuti igwirizane ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana.Pali njira zochepetsera chiopsezo cha mwana wanu chotenga matendawa. Dokotala wa ana a mwana wanu angakuphunzitseni za izi, kapena angakulangizeni katswiri wa zamaganizo a ana.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji (ngati ndili ndi NPD)?

Ngati muli ndi NPD, zingakhale zovuta kuti muvomereze matendawa. Chifukwa cha zizindikiro za matendawa, mungamve ngati muli ndi matenda ndipo mukufuna kupewa. Komabe, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti chithandizo chingathandize moyo wanu komanso ubale wanu ndi ena . Zingakuthandizeni kukhala kosavuta kumanga ndi kusunga ubale, komanso kupambana paokha kapena pantchito.

Zina mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe mungachite ndi izi:

• Pitani kwa dokotala wa matenda amisala monga momwe akulangizidwira. Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD nthawi zambiri amasiya kulandira chithandizo. Izi zingayambitse mavuto ambiri pakapita nthawi.
• Imwani mankhwala anu monga mwalangizidwira. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuwongolera ndikulamulira malingaliro anu ndi zizindikiro za NPD.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa. Ngakhale kuti zingakupangitseni kumva bwino kwakanthawi, zingapangitse zinthu kukhala zovuta kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Ngati mumwa mankhwala, mowa kapena mankhwala ena angayambitse kuyanjana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti, kapena ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu monga momwe mwalangizidwira. Adzakonza nthawi yoti mulandire chithandizo ndi maulendo otsatira. Muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse pa zizindikiro zanu kapena ngati muwona kusintha kwa mphamvu ya mankhwala anu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kuchipatala kapena kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa liti?

Ngati muli ndi maganizo ofuna kudzivulaza, kudzipha, kapena kuvulaza ena , muyenera kupita kuchipatala mwamsanga, kuyimbira foni 1990 (ambulansi ya ku Sri Lanka), kapena kuuza munthu amene mumamukhulupirira ndikupempha upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Maganizo amenewa ndi owopsa kwambiri, choncho musayese kuthana nawo nokha.

Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kudzikuza?

DSM-5-TR™ (yomwe yasinthidwa posachedwapa ya DSM-5) sifotokoza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kudzikuza kapena NPD. Komabe, akatswiri nthawi zina amagawa kudzikuza kutengera makhalidwe kapena machitidwe.

Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi izi:

• Kudzikuza (kuyembekezera kuyamikiridwa ndi kuzindikiridwa) poyerekeza ndi anthu osatetezeka (ofuna kuvomerezedwa kuti adzisunge kudzidalira komanso kuopa kusavomerezedwa).
• Kuwonekera (`(Kuwonekera)`) motsutsana ndi kubisika (`(Kuwonekera)`).
• Zopanda vuto (`(Zosavulaza)`) motsutsana ndi zoipa (`(zoipa)`) (iwo amene akufuna kuvulaza kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ena).

Izi si magulu ovomerezeka, komaMlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo angakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa vuto lanu. Ngati mukuganiza kuti zizindikirozi zikukukhudzani, mutha kufunsanso katswiri za vutoli.

Kodi ndingathe kuyezetsa kuti ndione ngati ndili ndi makhalidwe oipa?

Madokotala angagwiritse ntchito mafunso osiyanasiyana ofufuza matenda kuti athandize kuzindikira matenda a NPD. Ngakhale mungayesedwe kutenga mayeso pa intaneti kuti muwone ngati muli ndi matendawa, muyenera kukumbukira kuti si matenda ovomerezeka . Muyenera kuonana ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi matendawa.

Kodi ndingatani ngati ndikuganiza kuti munthu amene ndimamukonda ali ndi NPD?

Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD sangazindikire zizindikiro zawo. Nthawi zambiri, achibale, mabwenzi, ndi okondedwa ndi omwe amayamba kukayikira kuti wina ali ndi NPD. Ngati mukukayikira kuti munthu amene mumamukonda ali ndi NPD, muyenera kukumbukira zinthu izi:

• Simungasinthe munthu amene ali ndi matenda a NPD. Iwo okha ndi omwe angasinthe khalidwe lawo. Ngakhale mutakhumudwa kuti wokondedwa wanu sakufuna kusintha, kumbukirani kuti si vuto lanu. Mungawalimbikitse kuti akapeze chithandizo, koma ayenera kukhala okonzeka kutero kuti izi zitheke.
• Khalani chete ndipo musatenge zinthu ngati zanu. Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD, makamaka akakwiya, angayese kukukwiyitsani ndikupeza yankho. Musatenge zinthu ngati zanu, ndipo musachite zomwezo monga momwe amachitira.
• Khazikitsani malire abwino. Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD nthawi zambiri amayesa kupeza zomwe akufuna kudzera mwa ena, kaya mwadala kapena mosadziwa. Ngati wokondedwa wanu ali ndi NPD, kukhazikitsa malire abwino kungakhale kofunikira. Dziwani momveka bwino zomwe mukufuna kuchita ndi zomwe simukufuna, ndipo tsatirani malirewo. Zingakhale zovuta, koma kugonjera zomwe akufuna sikungathandize (ndipo kungapangitse zinthu kukhala zovuta kwambiri).
• Dzitetezeni. Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD angayese kufooketsa malire anu ndikukulamulirani mwa "kuchepetsa mpweya" (kutanthauza, kusintha zomwe inu kapena iwowo adanena kapena kuchita kuti muwoneke wamisala). Ngati mukumva kuti mukufunika kutsimikizika mtsogolo pa zomwe mudanena kapena kuchita, lembani. Akhozanso kukuchitirani nkhanza pakamwa kapena mwakuthupi akakwiya. Samalani kuti muteteze thanzi lanu ndi moyo wanu.
• Ganiziraninso za thanzi lanu la maganizo. Amene muli ndi wokondedwa wanu yemwe ali ndi NPD ayenera kuganizira zokaonana ndi mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo . Izi zingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi malingaliro anu ndi mavuto omwe muli nawo okhudza NPD, komanso kukhala okonzeka bwino kuthana ndi zotsatira za vutoli kwa wokondedwa wanu.
• Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro zochenjeza.Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodzipha. Ngati mukukayikira kuti wokondedwa wanu yemwe ali ndi NPD akuchoka m'gulu la anthu kapena akuganiza zodzivulaza, lankhulani naye mwachindunji. Ngati mukuganiza kuti ali pachiwopsezo nthawi yomweyo, imbani 911 nthawi yomweyo, kapena funani thandizo lachipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Matenda a umunthu odzikuza si vuto la khalidwe kapena vuto. Ndi vuto la thanzi la maganizo. Ngati muli ndi vutoli, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti mudzithandize nokha ndikulimbitsa ubale wanu ndi ena m'njira yabwino. Zingakhale zovuta kuvomereza ndi kuthana ndi vutoli, koma lingawononge kwambiri ubale wanu ndikusokoneza moyo wanu. Choncho, musanyalanyaze kapena kuthawa zenizeni.

Ngati munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi NPD, kuphunzira za matendawa kungakuthandizeni kudzisamalira nokha ndikuyesera kuwathandiza. Nthawi zina, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndi kukhazikitsa malire osasokoneza khalidwe lawo mosafunikira. Kumbukirani, simungakakamize munthu amene ali ndi NPD kusintha. Ayenera kukhala ofunitsitsa kuchita zimenezo.

Matenda a umunthu odzikuza, NPD, thanzi la maganizo, matenda a umunthu, kudzikuza, kudzikuza, kusowa chifundo, psychotherapy