Kodi chitetezo cha thupi lanu chili chochepa? Tiyeni tikambirane za neutropenia!

Kodi nthawi zambiri mumadwala? Kapena kodi dokotala adayang'anapo magazi anu nati, "Maselo anu oyera a magazi ndi otsika pang'ono?" Mwina muli ndi malungo, mumamva kufooka pang'ono, koma simungathe kudziwa chifukwa chake. Nthawi ngati izi, zingakhale zofunikira kwambiri kuti mudziwe za matenda awa otchedwa neutropenia, omwe tikulankhula lero. Musadandaule, tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule.

Kodi neutropenia ndi chiyani? N'zosavuta kwambiri!

Mwachidule, neutropenia ndi vuto lomwe magazi anu ali ndi chiwerengero chotsika kuposa chachibadwa cha mtundu wa maselo oyera amagazi otchedwa neutrophils. Ganizirani ma neutrophils awa ngati apolisi ophunzitsidwa bwino mkati mwa matupi athu. Ndi omwe amalimbana ndi majeremusi, monga mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, omwe amalowa m'thupi mwathu ndikutiteteza ku matenda.

Asilikali amenewa otchedwa ma neutrophils amapangidwa makamaka mufakitale mkati mwa mafupa athu. Chifukwa chake, chiwerengero cha ma neutrophils awa chikachepa, mphamvu ya thupi lathu yolimbana ndi majeremusi imachepanso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwayi wokhala ndi matenda umawonjezeka kwambiri. Nthawi zina zoopsa, ngakhale mabakiteriya omwe nthawi zambiri samayambitsa mavuto ambiri kwa munthu wathanzi, monga omwe ali mkamwa kapena m'matumbo mwathu, angayambitse matenda oopsa. Kodi mukumvetsa?

Kodi mulingo wabwinobwino wa ma neutrophils uyenera kukhala wotani?

Neutropenia imagawidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ma neutrophils m'magazi. Kawirikawiri anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti munthu wamkulu ayenera kukhala ndi ma neutrophils osachepera 1,500 pa microliter iliyonse ya magazi. (Ena amaona kuti malire awa ndi 1,800). Umu ndi momwe zimagawidwira:

• Kuchepa kwa neutropenia: Pakati pa 1,000 - 1,500 ma neutrophils.
• Kuchuluka kwa neutropenia: Pakati pa 500 - 1,000 neutrophils.
• Kuchuluka kwa neutropenia: Ma neutrophils osakwana 500.

Matendawa akhoza kukhala akanthawi kochepa (aakulu) kapena a nthawi yayitali (osatha). Akhozanso kukhala obadwa nawo kapena opezeka.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi neutropenia?

Kutupa kwa mitsempha yamagazi nthawi zina kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda. Komabe, nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa ngati zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a khansa, makamaka mankhwala a chemotherapy. Ofufuza amati mpaka 50% ya anthu omwe amalandira mankhwala a chemotherapy amatha kukhala ndi matenda a myelopenia.

Pali mtundu wina wotchedwa `Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (BEN).` Uwu ndi matenda obadwa nawo, omwe amakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu ochokera ku Africa, Middle East, ndi West India. Anthuwa ali ndi chiwerengero cha neutrophil chosakwana 1,500, koma sali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda.

Kodi neutropenia imakhudza bwanji thupi langa?

Zotsatira za neutropenia zimasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa neutrophil komwe muli nako. Munthu amene ali ndi neutropenia yocheperako sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwangozi poyesa magazi kuti adziwe vuto lina. Komabe, ngati muli ndi neutropenia yocheperako kapena yoopsa, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda. Neutropenia yoopsa ikhoza kukhala yoopsa ngati simunalandire chithandizo choyenera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa za vutoli.

N’chifukwa chiyani neutropenia imachitika? Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani?

Neutropenia ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zitatu zazikulu:

1. Mafupa anu sakupanga ma neutrophils okwanira.

2. Kuwonongeka mwachangu kwa ma neutrophils omwe amapangidwa.

3. Kapena, kuwononga ma neutrophils omwe apangidwa.

Nazi zina mwa zifukwa zake:

• Matenda a majini: Nthawi zina matendawa amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana kudzera m'majini. Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (BEN), Cyclic neutropenia, ndi Severe congenital neutropenia ndi zina mwa mitundu yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha zifukwa zotere za majini.
• Matenda: Neutropenia imathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi, mabakiteriya, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zitsanzo zake ndi HIV, chiwindi, chifuwa chachikulu, sepsis (matenda oopsa a m'magazi), ndi matenda a Lyme.
• Khansa: Khansa monga khansa ya m'magazi, lymphoma, ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi magazi kapena mafupa angapangitse thupi kulephera kupanga maselo oyera athanzi omwe amafunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamakhale ndi neutropenia.
• Mankhwala: Mankhwala a khansa, monga chemotherapy ndi radiation therapy, amatha kuwononga ma neutrophils ndi mafupa omwe amawapanga. Komanso, mankhwala ena a matenda ena omwe si a khansa amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma neutrophils ngati zotsatirapo zake.
• Kusowa zakudya: Neutropenia ingachitike ngati thupi sililandira mavitamini ndi michere yokwanira, monga vitamini B12, folate, kapena mkuwa.
• Kulephera kwa chitetezo chamthupi: Apa ndi pamene chitetezo chathu chamthupi sichimvetsetsa bwino chitetezo chathu chamthupi ndikupanga ma antibodies omwe amawononga ma neutrophils athanzi. Zili ngati gulu lathu lankhondo lomwe limadziukira lokha. Matenda a Crohn, lupus, ndi rheumatoid arthritis ndi zina mwa matenda amenewa.

Nthawi zina pamakhala vuto lotchedwa `Chronic idiopathic neutropenia`. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, pali neutropenia, koma chifukwa chenicheni sichingapezeke .

Nchifukwa chiyani chithandizo cha khansa chimayambitsa neutropenia?

Mankhwala a khansa monga chemotherapy ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri. Amapha maselo a khansa. Komabe, amathanso kuwononga maselo athanzi omwe amagawikana mofulumira. Ma neutrophils athu ndi maselo a m'mafupa omwe amapanga nawonso amagawanitsa maselo mwachangu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake neutropenia imapezeka kwambiri panthawi ya chemotherapy. Milingo ya neutrophil nthawi zambiri imatsika kwambiri mkati mwa milungu iwiri yoyambirira ya chithandizo. Pambuyo pake, imawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchitapo kanthu kuti mudziteteze ku matenda panthawiyi, chifukwa nthawi ino chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhala chofooka kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za neutropenia ndi ziti?

Neutropenia yokha ilibe zizindikiro zenizeni. Komabe, ngati mutatenga matenda chifukwa cha neutropenia, mutha kuwona zizindikiro za matendawa. Matenda obwerezabwereza amathanso kukhala chizindikiro cha neutropenia. Nazi zina mwa zizindikiro:

• Malungo (makamaka matenda otchedwa febrile neutropenia)
• Kutopa
• Kupweteka pakhosi (Pharyngitis)
• Ma lymph nodes otupa
• Zilonda mkamwa kapena mozungulira anus
• Ululu, kutupa, ndi kufiira pamalo omwe matenda afalikira
• Kusadya bwino, kutsegula m'mimba
• Zizindikiro za mkodzo, monga kutentha pokodza komanso kukodza pafupipafupi

Ngati muli ndi neutropenia yocheperako, mungakhale ndi ma neutrophils okwanira m'thupi lanu kuti muthane ndi matenda. Zikatero, simungamve zizindikiro zilizonse.

Kodi neutropenia imapezedwa bwanji?

Mayeso akulu komanso osavuta odziwira izi ndi kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (CBC) komwe kumasiyana . Ngati mukulandira chithandizo monga chemotherapy, dokotala wanu nthawi zonse amachita mayesowa kuti ayang'ane kuchuluka kwa ma neutrophil anu.

Ngati dokotala wanu sakudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa neutropenia yanu, angafune kuti muyesedwenso kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mungatenge chitsanzo cha mafuta a m'mafupa anu ndikuwunika pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Kuyesaku kungathandize kudziwa ngati ma neutrophils akupangidwa bwino mu mafuta a m'mafupa anu, kapena ngati akuwonongeka atapangidwa. Izi zingathandize dokotala wanu kutsimikizira matendawa.

Kodi mankhwala a neutropenia ndi ati?

Mitundu ina ya neutropenia ingafunike chithandizo. Njira zina zochiritsira zimadalira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ma neutrophil m'thupi lanu.

Zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika ngati chithandizo:

• Mankhwala Opha Majeremusi: Ngati muli ndi matenda a malungo komanso malungo, mankhwala opha majeremusi amatha kupulumutsa moyo. Nthawi zambiri mumalowetsedwa kuchipatala ndikupatsidwa mankhwala opha majeremusi, monga saline, kudzera m'mitsempha. Panthawiyi, mayeso adzachitika kuti apeze chomwe chayambitsa matendawa.
• Corticosteroids: Ngati muli ndi neutropenia yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha vuto la autoimmune, dokotala wanu angakulembeni mankhwala otchedwa corticosteroids. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa ntchito ya chitetezo chamthupi chanu, zomwe zimawononga ma neutrophils anu.
• Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): Dokotala wanu angakulembeninso mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa mafupa anu kupanga maselo oyera a magazi. Ngati mukulandira mankhwala a chemotherapy, mungapatsidwe jakisoni wa G-CSF.

Ngati zapezeka kuti neutropenia imayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe mukumwa, dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti musiye kumwa mankhwalawo kapena kusintha mlingo wake.

Kodi neutropenia ingapewedwe?

Sitingathe kuletsa mitundu yobadwa nayo ya neutropenia. Komabe, ngati mukulandira chithandizo cha chemotherapy, ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti kuchuluka kwa neutrophil m'magazi anu kuli kochepa, iye angachedwetse nthawi yotsatira ya chemotherapy kapena kuchepetsa mlingo wake. Angakulangizeninso jakisoni wa G-CSF kuti muwonjezere kupanga maselo oyera m'magazi.

Kodi ndingadziteteze bwanji ku matenda ngati ndili ndi neutropenia?

Ngati mukudziwa kuti ma neutrophils anu ndi ochepa, pali njira zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti mudziteteze ku matenda. Izi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira.

• Sambani m'manja nthawi zonse ndi sopo kapena gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja okhala ndi mowa.
• Kuphatikizapo chimfine ndi Covid-19 `(COVID-19)`Pezani katemera wanu wonse pa nthawi yake.
• Pewani anthu odwala komanso malo odzaza anthu komwe mungakumane ndi munthu wodwala.
• Samalani ndi mikwingwirima, mabala, ndi mabala (kuphatikizapo zojambula pakhungu ndi kuboola thupi). Chitani chithandizo cha kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa khungu nthawi yomweyo.
• Tsukani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba bwino, siyanitsani nyama ndi nsomba ndi zakudya zina, ndipo konzekerani chakudya kukhitchini yoyera, ndikuphika bwino. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kupewa kufalikira kwa majeremusi.
• Musagawire ena ziwiya zodyera, makapu, kapena chakudya ndi zakumwa.
• Musagawane zinthu monga matawulo, malezala, ndi maburashi a mano ndi ena.
• Ngati mukugwira ntchito m'munda, valani magolovesi.
• Pewani kuchotsa zinyalala za ziweto ndi kusintha matewera a makanda momwe mungathere (ngati kuli koyenera, valani magolovesi ndipo sambani m'manja mwanu bwino mukamaliza).
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito nyanja, maiwe, mitsinje, ndi malo osambira otentha.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera kuti mupewe matenda.

Malangizo ambiri awa ndi zinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri timachita kuti tikhale ndi thanzi labwino. Komabe, ngati muli ndi neutropenia, muyenera kusamala kwambiri. Funsani dokotala wanu zina zomwe mungachite kuti mudziteteze ku matenda, kutengera moyo wanu komanso thanzi lanu.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha anthu omwe ali ndi neutropenia ndi chiyani? (Kuneneratu za matenda)

Matenda a Neutropenia amatha kuchiritsidwa, kotero chiyembekezo cha anthu ambiri chili bwino. Chofunika kwambiri ndikupewa matenda ndikupeza chithandizo mwachangu (ngati mutadwala).

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukulandira mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena muli ndi vuto lina lomwe lingayambitse neutropenia, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, kapena imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akupatseni malangizo a zomwe mungachite:

• Malungo a madigiri 100.4 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius) kapena kupitirira apo.
• Kutuluka thukuta kapena kunjenjemera chifukwa cha kuzizira.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Kutsekeka kwa mphuno.
• Kupweteka pakhosi kapena khosi.
• Chifuwa chatsopano kapena chifuwa chomwe chilipo chikuwonjezeka.
• Kutsegula m'mimba ndi/kapena kusanza.
• Kutuluka kwa madzi m'mimba kapena kuyabwa.
• Kupweteka, kufiira, kapena kutupa kulikonse pa thupi.
• Kusintha kwa kukodza (ululu, kutentha, kufunikira kukodza pafupipafupi).
• Kuyamba kwatsopano kwa ululu, makamaka m'mimba kapena m'matumbo.
• Kumva kusokonezeka maganizo kapena kusiyana ndi masiku onse.
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri kapena kusapeza bwino.

Mmene mumakhalira ndi neutropenia zimadalira zomwe zinapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa neutrophil kuchepe. Ngati kuchuluka kwanu kuli kochepa chifukwa cha matenda omwe mwangoyamba kumene, mwina kudzabwerera mwakale pamene thupi lanu likuchira. Ngati neutropenia yanu imayamba chifukwa cha matenda a nthawi yayitali kapena chemotherapy, dokotala wanu adzayang'anira kuchuluka kwa neutrophil yanu nthawi zonse kuti apewe mavuto ochokera ku matenda. Funsani dokotala wanu ngati neutropenia yanu ikufunika kuyezetsa nthawi zonse zachipatala ndi mankhwala oletsa matenda.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Matenda a Neutropenia ndi matenda omwe maselo oyera a m'magazi, otchedwa neutrophils, amakhala ochepa. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri kwa anthu omwe akulandira chithandizo cha khansa monga chemotherapy.

Palibe chodetsa nkhawa, pali mankhwala ochizira izi. Chofunika kwambiri ndi ichi:

• Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola.
• Kuchita chilichonse chomwe mungathe kuti mudziteteze ku matenda.
• Ngati muwona zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda, monga kutentha thupi , funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati mukudziwa izi ndipo mutenga njira zodzitetezera, mutha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino ngakhale mutadwala matenda a neutropenia. Musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo.

Neutropenia , ma neutrophils, maselo oyera a magazi, chitetezo chamthupi, matenda, khansa, chemotherapy