Zimene muyenera kudziwa zokhudza matenda a chiwindi chonenepa! 🧠

Suneth (wazaka 45) anabwera ku chipatala changa Lachitatu lapitali ali ndi chisokonezo. Suneth ndi manejala wa banki yemwe samwa mowa konse ndipo amagwira ntchito yake moyenera. Komabe, panthawi yoyezetsa matenda ake pachaka, ma enzyme ake a chiwindi (AST/ALT) anali okwera kwambiri, ndipo scan ya m'mimba inasonyeza kuti anali ndi chiwindi chamafuta kwambiri.

"Dr. Priya, sindinamwepo ngakhale dontho limodzi la mowa m'moyo wanga. Kodi chiwindi changa chingadzaze bwanji mafuta ndikukhala ndi matenda a chiwindi? Sindingathe kuganiza izi," anafunsa Suneth ndi mantha.

Ndinafotokozera Suneth modekha. "Suneth, osati inu nokha, komanso anthu ambiri ku Sri Lanka amaganiza kuti matenda a chiwindi amapezeka pokhapokha mutamwa mowa. Koma ngakhale anthu omwe samwa mowa amatha kukhala ndi mafuta m'chiwindi mwawo. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha matenda a chiwindi osamwa mowa (NAFLD) . Gawo loopsa kwambiri komanso lotupa limatchedwa Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) . Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwachidule."

🚨 Zizindikiro zofiira zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu

Ngakhale kuti NASH singayambitse zizindikiro zilizonse kumayambiriro, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingawonekere pamene chiwindi chikulephera kugwira ntchito bwino. Zikatero, kugonekedwa kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo kumafunika:

• Kuoneka kwachikasu pakhungu ndi maso oyera (jaundice).
• Ascites ndi vuto lomwe mimba imatupa ndi kutupa chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa madzi m'mimba ndi m'chiuno.
• Kusanza magazi ofiira kapena kutuluka magazi akuda, ndowe zotsalira (chizindikiro cha kutuluka magazi mkati).
• Kumva tulo tofa nato nthawi zambiri, kusamvetsetsa mawu, kapena kusokonezeka kwambiri (Hepatic Encephalopathy).
• Kutupa kapena kutuluka magazi mosavuta pakhungu.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa NAFLD ndi NASH ndi kotani?

Matenda a chiwindi chamafuta mwa anthu omwe si oledzera akhoza kugawidwa m'magawo awiri akuluakulu:

1. Chiwindi Chosavuta Chamafuta (NAFLD): Pa vutoli, ngakhale mafuta amasungidwa m'chiwindi, palibe kuwonongeka kapena kutupa kwa maselo a chiwindi. Izi nthawi zambiri sizimayambitsa mavuto aakulu.
2. Steatohepatitis yopanda mowa (NASH): Iyi ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Pa vutoli, mafuta ochulukirapo m'chiwindi amachititsa kuti maselo a chiwindi ayambe kutupa ndikuwonongeka. Izi zimayambitsa njira yotchedwa fibrosis, yomwe imayambitsa zipsera m'chiwindi. Ngati sichichiritsidwa, izi zingayambitse matenda a cirrhosis, omwe amachititsa kuti chiwindi chikhale cholimba kwambiri ndikusiya kugwira ntchito.

Zifukwa zazikulu ndi zoopsa za NASH

Mavuto a kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi amayambitsa kusonkhanitsa mafuta kosafunikira m'chiwindi. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza izi ndi izi:

• Kunenepa Kwambiri: Kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'mimba.
• Matenda a Shuga a Mtundu Wachiwiri: Kulephera kulamulira bwino kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
• Kukana kwa insulin: Kulephera kwa maselo kugwiritsa ntchito bwino hormone ya insulin.
• Mafuta ambiri m'magazi: Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi triglycerides m'magazi.
• Makhalidwe oipa pakudya: Kumwa pafupipafupi zakumwa zotsekemera zopangidwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa, chakudya chofulumira, ndi zakudya zokhala ndi sitachi yambiri.

Momwe mungadziwire matendawa

Madokotala amachita mayeso otsatirawa kuti aone ngati ali ndi NASH:

• Kuyezetsa magazi (Kuyezetsa kwa Chiwindi - LFT): Yesani kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme a chiwindi (ALT, AST).
• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Kumazindikira mafuta m'chiwindi ndi maso.
• FibroScan: Kuyesa kosavuta kuyeza zipsera za chiwindi (fibrosis) ndi kuuma kwa chiwindi.
• Kufufuza Chiwindi: Kuyeza komwe kumatenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha chiwindi kuti kutsimikizire bwino matendawa.

Njira zothetsera NASH ndikuteteza chiwindi

Ngakhale kuti mankhwala enaake omwe amaperekedwa makamaka kwa NASH ndi ochepa, kusintha kwa moyo kungathandize kusintha mafuta m'chiwindi kwathunthu:

1. Kuchepetsa thupi (njira yaikulu yothetsera vutoli):

Mwa kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono pakati pa 7% ndi 10% ya kulemera kwanu komwe muli nako, mutha kuchotsa mafuta ndi kutupa m'chiwindi kwathunthu.