Nkhani yodziwika bwino pakati pa ambiri a ife masiku ano ndi 'shuga' kapena matenda a shuga. Mwina wina m'banja mwanu, mnzanu kapena inu nokha mwamvapo za vutoli. Ngakhale kuti aliyense amaopa izi, sizovuta kuziletsa ndikukhala ndi thanzi labwino ngati mwadziwitsidwa bwino za izi. Ndiye kodi shuga m'magazi ndi wotani kwenikweni (shuga m'magazi)? N’chiyani chimachitika chikawonjezeka? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta komanso momveka bwino.
Kodi shuga m'magazi ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, shuga m'magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwathu. Shuga iyi ndi gwero la mphamvu m'matupi athu kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya, makamaka chakudya. Monga mafuta a galimoto, shuga iyi imapatsa maselo athu mphamvu yogwirira ntchito.
Koma kuti shuga uyu alowe m'maselo, thupi lathu limafunika 'kiyi' yapadera. Kiyi imeneyo ndi mahomoni otchedwa insulin . Izi zimapangidwa ndi kapamba wathu. Tikadya, shuga m'magazi amakwera. Kenako kapamba amapanga insulin, yomwe imatsegula 'zitseko' za maselo ndikulola shuga kulowa. Kenako shuga m'magazi amabwerera mwakale.
Koma njira imeneyi sigwira ntchito bwino kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga.
- Munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amasiya kutulutsa insulin pafupifupi kotheratu.
- Kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri , ngakhale kuti insulin imapangidwa m'thupi, maselo a thupi sayankha bwino. Zili ngati kukhala ndi 'kiyi' koma 'loko' sikugwira ntchito.
Kaya mtundu wa matenda a shuga ndi wotani, zotsatira zake n’zakuti shuga m’magazi amakhalabe wokwera kwa nthawi yaitali. Izi ndi zomwe timazitcha kuti hyperglycemia . Pakapita nthawi, shuga wochuluka m’magazi ungawononge mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya magazi, zomwe zimabweretsa matenda aakulu monga matenda a mtima.
Kodi shuga wabwinobwino ndi wotani?
Shuga m'magazi mwa munthu wathanzi nthawi zambiri amakhala mkati mwa mulingo winawake. Izi zimayesedwa mu ma milligrams pa deciliter (mg/dL).
Chofunika ndichakuti izi ndi ziwerengero wamba. Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu.
Tiyeni tifotokoze izi mozama mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Nthawi yoti mufufuze | Mtengo wabwinobwino kwa munthu wathanzi (mg/dL) | Cholinga cha wodwala matenda a shuga (nthawi zambiri) |
|---|---|---|
| Musanadye (Kusala - kusala kudya kwa maola 8) | Zosakwana 100 mg/dL (nthawi zambiri pakati pa 72-99) | Pakati pa 70 - 130 mg/dL |
| Maola awiri mutadya chakudya chachikulu | Zochepera 140 mg/dL | Zochepera 180 mg/dL |
Kodi zizindikiro za shuga wambiri m'magazi ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri m'magazi (hyperglycemia) zimatha kusiyana kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto.
| Mtundu wa chizindikiro | Zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro Zoyambirira |
|
| Zizindikiro za Nthawi Yaitali |
|
Matenda a shuga asanakwane, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti shuga ikachuluka m'magazi kuposa momwe imakhalira koma osati yokwanira kuti munthu azindikire kuti ndi matenda a shuga, nthawi zambiri sipamakhala zizindikiro. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kukayezetsa kuchipatala nthawi zonse .
Mayeso ozindikira matenda a shuga
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga kapena matenda a shuga omwe ali kale musanayambe kumwa mankhwala.
| Dzina la mayeso | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kuyesa kwa Glucose ya Plasma Yosala Kusala | Shuga m'magazi amayesedwa pambuyo posala kudya kwa maola 8. Mtengo woposa 126 mg/dL umaonedwa ngati matenda a shuga, ndipo mtengo wa pakati pa 100-125 mg/dL umaonedwa ngati munthu asanayambe matenda a shuga. |
| Mayeso Oleza Mtima a Shuga (OGTT) | Pambuyo pa kusala kudya kwa maola 8, munthu amapatsidwa madzi apadera okhala ndi shuga. Pambuyo pa maola awiri, shuga m'magazi woposa 200 mg/dL umaonedwa ngati matenda a shuga, ndipo shuga pakati pa 140-199 mg/dL umaonedwa ngati munthu asanayambe kumwa mankhwala a shuga. |
| Mayeso a A1c | Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu m'miyezi 2-3 yapitayi. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa 6.5% kapena kupitirira apo kumaonedwa ngati matenda a shuga, pomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga pakati pa 5.7% ndi 6.4% kumaonedwa ngati matenda a shuga asanafike. |
| Mayeso a Shuga Wamagazi Mwachisawawa | Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu nthawi iliyonse. Ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi woposa 200 mg/dL ndipo muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a shuga, mudzayesedwa shuga monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. |
Chifukwa chiyani shuga wambiri m'magazi ndi woopsa?
Ngakhale kuti shuga ndi mafuta ofunika kwambiri m'maselo athu pamlingo wabwinobwino, ikawonjezeka, imatha kukhala ngati poizoni wochita zinthu pang'onopang'ono.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kwa nthawi yayitali kungawononge pafupifupi chiwalo chilichonse m'thupi lathu.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumapangitsa kuti makoma a mitsempha yanu yamagazi azilimba pang'onopang'ono. Madokotala amatcha izi kuti atherosclerosis . Mitsempha yamagazi yowonongeka ingayambitse mavuto akulu monga:
- Matenda a impso kapena kulephera kwa impso , ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale dialysis, zingakhale zofunikira.
- Kukwapula
- Matenda a mtima
- Kutaya masomphenya kapena khungu
- Kufooka kwa chitetezo chamthupi komanso chiopsezo chotenga matenda pafupipafupi chimawonjezeka.
- Kulephera kwa erectile
- Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha (Neuropathy) , komwe kungayambitse dzanzi, kupweteka, kapena kutayika kwa kumverera m'miyendo, m'manja, ndi m'mapazi.
- Kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku miyendo ndi mapazi.
- Kuchedwa kuchira kwa bala, ndipo nthawi zambiri, kuchotsa ziwalo zina monga mapazi ndi opaleshoni.
Pofuna kupewa mavuto ambiriwa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti shuga m'magazi mwanu mukhale bwino momwe mungathere , potsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu .
Kodi mungayeze bwanji kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba?
Ngati dokotala wanu akuzindikirani kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga, adzakulangizani kuti muyeze shuga m'magazi anu kunyumba. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chowunikira shuga m'magazi . Izi zimayesa shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi dontho laling'ono la magazi lomwe latengedwa kuchokera ku chala chanu.
Funsani dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri wa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chipangizochi. Ndikofunikanso kulemba zambirizo mu notebook kapena app mukatha mayeso aliwonse. Yesani kulemba izi:
- Mankhwala omwe mwamwa ndi mlingo wake.
- Munadya chiyani, munadya liti, komanso ngati munali kusala kudya.
- Ngati munachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, fotokozani zambiri monga kuti chinali chiyani komanso nthawi yomwe munachita.
Chidziwitsochi chidzakuthandizani kwambiri inu ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumvetse bwino momwe chithandizo chanu chimagwirira ntchito.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuwunika shuga m'magazi nthawi zonse n'kofunika kwambiri poletsa matenda a shuga.
- Dziwani zizindikiro za shuga wambiri m'magazi, monga ludzu lopitirira muyeso, kukodza pafupipafupi, komanso kusawona bwino.
- Nthawi zonse tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu okhudza kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu, kumwa mankhwala, komanso kusintha moyo wanu.
- Zakudya zoyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse ndizofunikira kwambiri pochepetsa matenda a shuga.
- Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro zilizonse. Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena nkhawa, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
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