Kodi mukudziwa za (O-RADS)? Kodi njira imeneyi ndi yofunika bwanji pozindikira mavuto a mazira?

Ndizachilendo kumva mantha kwambiri pamene scan ikuwonetsa kusintha kapena vuto (chilonda) m'mazira obereketsa kapena madera ozungulira (omwe timawatcha `(adnexal)` madera)? Koma musadandaule. Pali njira yapadera yomwe imathandiza madokotala pazochitika zotere ndikukupatsani chidziwitso cholondola. Njira imeneyo imatchedwa `(O-RADS)`. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero.

Kodi (O-RADS) ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse bwino!

O-RADS™ imayimira Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System. Mwachidule, ndi chida chapadera chomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito. Kodi mukudziwa chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito? Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugawa zilonda, kusintha, kapena zotupa zomwe zimapezeka pa scan ya mazira anu (kapena madera ozungulira, omwe ndi omwe timawatcha adnexals—machubu a fallopian, mazira, ndi minofu yolumikizirana yomwe imagwirizanitsa ziwalo za dongosolo lanu loberekera).

Malinga ndi njira ya O-RADS, chilonda chimayikidwa pa sikelo ya 0 mpaka 5. Chiwerengero chikakhala chachikulu, chiopsezo chotenga khansa chimawonjezeka . Umu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito:

• O-RADS 0: Izi zikutanthauza kuti chidziwitso chochokera mu scan sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga kuwunika kolondola, ndipo kuyezetsa kwina kumafunika. Scan ikhoza kukhala yosamveka bwino.
• O-RADS 1: Izi ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri! Zimatanthauza kuti mazira anu ali ndi thanzi labwino komanso abwinobwino.
• O-RADS 2: Pano, ngakhale pali `(chilonda)`, mwayi woti chikhale khansa ndi wochepa kwambiri (nthawi zambiri wochepera 1%). Izi nthawi zambiri zimaonedwa kuti `(zoyipa)`, kutanthauza kuti si khansa.
• O-RADS 3: Apa, pali mwayi wochepa woti khansa ingakhalepo, koma ndi wochepa (nthawi zambiri pakati pa 1% ndi 10%). Madokotala akuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi izi, ndipo angakupempheni kuti mupangenso scan ina pakapita kanthawi.
• O-RADS 4: Apa, mwayi wa khansa uli pamlingo wocheperako (nthawi zambiri pakati pa 10% ndi 50%). Izi ndizokayikitsa pang'ono. Chifukwa chake madokotala angachite mayeso ena pa izi, ndipo angakutumizireni kwa katswiri.
• O-RADS 5: Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo cha khansa ndi chachikulu kwambiri (nthawi zambiri choposa 50%). Pankhaniyi, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ndikofunikira.

Koma O-RADS si njira yongogawa magulu. Komiti yomwe idapanga O-RADS (yomwe idachokera ku American College of Radiology) yapanganso lexicon (mawu wamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza zomwe zimawoneka pa scans - yotchedwa lexicon) ndi malangizo a chithandizo choyenera kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chilichonse. Izi ndi zothandiza kwambiri kwa madokotala popanga zisankho.

Kodi O-RADS imagwiritsidwa ntchito liti?

Dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito njira iyi ya ``(O-RADS)`` kuti adziwe ndikugawa zinthu monga:

• Ma cysts a ovarian: Awa ndi ma ducts omwe amapangika m'ma ovary anu. Ma cysts ena ndi matumba odzaza ndi madzi ndipo si owopsa. Koma ena ndi ofunikira kuwaganizira.
• Adnexal masses: Zotupa kapena machubu omwe amapangika m'machubu a fallopian kapena m'mitsempha yomwe imagwira ziwalo za njira yoberekera pamodzi. Izi zitha kukhala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Choncho, ngati vuto ngati ili likuwoneka pa scan, O-RADS imathandiza kumvetsetsa mtundu wake weniweni ndikuwona momwe lilili loopsa.

Kodi njira zazikulu za (O-RADS) ndi ziti?

Pali "magawo" awiri akuluakulu a O-RADS, kutengera mtundu wa scan yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, imasiyana pang'ono kutengera mtundu wa scan yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ipeze chidziwitsocho.

(O-RADS Ultrasound - US)

Iyi ndiyo njira yayikulu komanso yoyambirira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu O-RADS. Pano, ultrasound ya m'mimba kapena ultrasound ya transvaginal imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Monga mukudziwa, ultrasound ndi njira yojambulira zithunzi za mkati mwa thupi pogwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso.

Ukadaulo wa ultrasound umatha kuona mazira ndi zilonda zake momveka bwino. Ma ultrasound opangidwa ndi transvaginal makamaka amatha kupanga zithunzi zomveka bwino chifukwa amatha kuchitika pafupi kwambiri ndi mazira.

(O-RADS MRI)

Kujambula Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ndi mayeso omwe amapereka chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane chokhudza minofu yofewa ya thupi lathu. MRI imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito ndi mafunde a wailesi. Ndi mayeso ovuta komanso okwera mtengo kuposa ultrasound.

Ngati madokotala alibe chidziwitso chokwanira kuchokera ku ultrasound, kapena ngati akufuna chidziwitso chowonjezereka kuti adziwe matenda, kapena ngati n'kovuta kutsimikizira ngati vuto ndi khansa kapena ayi, njira iyi ya MRI imagwiritsidwa ntchito. O-RADS MRI ndi njira yowunikira zithunzi za MRI ndikuzigawa mu O-RADS.

Kodi kwenikweni chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi (O-RADS)? Kodi tanthauzo la izi ndi lotani?

Dongosolo la O-RADS lili ndi zolinga zazikulu zingapo. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa inu ndi madokotala anu.

• Kupereka matanthauzidwe okhazikika a malipoti a mayeso: Tangoganizirani momwe zingakhalire vuto lalikulu ngati mungafunike kutanthauzira lipoti la scan mwanjira ina mukapita kwa dokotala wina ndi njira ina mukapita kwa dokotala wina? Chifukwa cha O-RADS, dokotala aliyense ndi chipatala ku United States (ndipo tsopano m'maiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi) amagawa zilonda za mazira ndi zina zokhudzana nazo mwanjira yomweyo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kulikonse komwe mungapeze chithandizo, lipotilo litanthauza chinthu chomwecho. Izi zimachotsa chisokonezo chachikulu.

• Kuonjezera kulondola kwa matenda:Mu zilonda za m'chiberekero ndi zina zokhudzana nazo, O-RADS imachepetsa mwayi woti pakhale zotsatira zabodza za khansa. Imachepetsanso opaleshoni yosafunikira pa matenda osaopsa. O-RADS imafufuza makhalidwe a zilonda (monga kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi zomwe zili mkati) mwanjira yasayansi kwambiri.

• Kupereka malangizo a chithandizo pa gulu lililonse: Kudzera mu dongosolo la `(O-RADS)`, madokotala amalandira malangizo ochiritsira okhazikika pa gulu lililonse la zoopsa (lomwe ndi O-RADS 0 mpaka 5). Mwachitsanzo, kwa munthu amene ali ndi gulu la O-RADS la 2, malangizo monga, "Palibe chodetsa nkhawa nacho, mwina izi sizowopsa, tidzayang'ananso mtsogolo pang'ono." Koma pa O-RADS 4 kapena 5, malangizo monga, "Tiyenera kuchita mayeso ambiri pa izi posachedwa ndikukutumizani kwa katswiri ngati pakufunika kutero" amaperekedwa.

Kodi ubwino wa njira ya (O-RADS) ndi wotani? N’chifukwa chiyani ndi yabwino kwa inu?

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mayeso oyezera khansa ya m'chiberekero pogwiritsa ntchito transvaginal ultrasound ndi chizindikiro cha chotupa cha CA-125 nthawi zina angapereke zotsatira zabodza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungadziwike kuti muli ndi khansa, koma pambuyo pake mudzazindikira kuti simunakhalepo ndi khansa. Tangoganizirani nkhawa ndi nkhawa zomwe zingabwere chifukwa cha zimenezo! Mwina ngakhale kuchitidwa opaleshoni popanda chifukwa?

Nthawi zina, odwala amachitidwa opaleshoni ngakhale pamene sikofunikira kwenikweni. Chofunika kwambiri, opaleshoni yochitidwa pa zilonda "zosavulaza" zomwe sizili ndi khansa imakhala ndi vuto la 17.8%. Mwanjira ina, anthu ambiri omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni yosafunikira amakhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo okhudzana ndi opaleshoniyo.

Dongosolo la O-RADS limaganizira zinthu zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, makhalidwe a chotupacho (kukula, malo, mawonekedwe ake, ngati pali zinthu zolimba mkati, magazi, ndi zina zotero) komanso ngati mwadutsa kale kusamba. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ngati chotupa chatsopano chikayamba pa dzira mwa munthu amene wadutsa kale kusamba, muyenera kuda nkhawa kwambiri nacho.

Cholinga chachikulu ndi kuchepetsa opaleshoni yosafunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zopanda khansa. Cholinga china ndikutumiza mwachangu anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zokayikitsa kapena khansa kwa katswiri woyenera (monga dokotala wa khansa ya amayi). Chifukwa chake, mudzatumizidwa ku opaleshoni pokhapokha ngati mukufunikiradi.

Ndani adapanga dongosolo la (O-RADS)?

Dongosolo lofunika chonchi silimangochitika mwadzidzidzi, sichoncho? Mu 2018, American College of Radiology, bungwe lotsogola la radiology ku United States, linathandizira komiti ya madokotala apadziko lonse omwe akuyimira madera osiyanasiyana aukadaulo (monga matenda a akazi, radiology, ndi khansa), ndipo linapanga dongosolo la O-RADS. Komiti ya O-RADS US - Ultrasound inasinthanso lexicon mu Novembala 2022. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi dongosolo lomwe limasinthidwa nthawi zonse ndi chidziwitso chatsopano.

Kodi mumapeza mpumulo wotani kuchokera ku izi?

Ndizachibadwa kumva ngati dziko laima ndipo mukumva kulemera kwakukulu pamtima mwanu mukapeza kuti pali chinthu chokayikitsa chomwe chatuluka mu scan yanu. Pamene mukuchita mayeso ambiri kuti mutsimikizire kuti muli ndi matenda kapena kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe cholakwika, nkhawa yanu ndi mantha anu zimatha kuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku.

Komabe, njira ya O-RADS imachepetsa mwayi woti mupeze zotsatira zabodza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungapezeke ndi khansa ngati mulibe. Zimenezi zimachepetsanso chiopsezo cha opaleshoni yosafunikira. Njira ya O-RADS imakuthandizani kupeza mayankho omwe mukufuna mwachangu komanso molondola. Kodi si mpumulo waukulu?

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambiranazi ndi izi:

• O-RADS ndi njira yofunika kwambiri, yokhazikika, komanso yasayansi yomwe imathandiza madokotala kuzindikira ndikugawa mavuto a mazira ndi mavuto ena okhudzana nawo (zilonda).
• Njira imeneyi imapangitsa kuti matenda azipezeka molondola, maopaleshoni osafunikira achepe, komanso malangizo omveka bwino okhudza chithandizo chomwe mukufuna.
• Ngati lipoti lanu la scan lili ndi gulu la O-RADS, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi kuti mudziwe zambiri. Musadandaule, njira izi zikuthandizani.
• Kumbukirani, kupeza matenda msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo choyenera ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zokhalira ndi moyo wathanzi. Chifukwa chake, tsatirani upangiri wa dokotala wanu ndipo mupeze mayeso ofunikira.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani!

O -RADS, Ovarian, Adnexal, Chilonda, Ultrasound, MRI, Khansa, Matenda a akazi