Kodi mankhwala omwe mumamwa akuwononga makutu anu? Tiyeni tikambirane za poizoni wa ototoxicity!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo kuti mankhwala ena, makamaka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda akuluakulu, angawononge makutu athu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kumva kwathu ndi kukhazikika kwathu? Izi ndizotheka. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha vutoli kuti ototoxicity. Musadandaule, ndikofunikira kudziwa izi. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi ototoxicity ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, poizoni wa ototoxicity ndi kuwonongeka kwa khutu lathu lamkati chifukwa cha mankhwala ena. Tikayang'ana tanthauzo la mawu oti "ototoxicity", "oto" amatanthauza "khutu" ndipo "toxicity" amatanthauza "poizoni". Izi zikutanthauza kuti, vuto lofanana ndi poizoni wa khutu. Khutu lathu lamkati lili ndi maselo ofooka kwambiri akumva. Maselo amenewa amatithandiza kumva ndikukhala bwino m'thupi. Mankhwala ena, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a matenda oopsa ndi mankhwala a matenda monga khansa, amatha kuwononga maselo awa akumva. Pamenepo ndi pomwe vutoli lotchedwa ototoxicity limachitika.

Kodi zizindikiro za ototoxicity ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zimenezi sizimachitika mofanana kwa aliyense. Nthawi zina zizindikiro zimatha kuwonekera nthawi yomweyo mutayamba kumwa mankhwala. Kwa ena, zizindikiro zimatha kuyamba pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, mankhwala ena angayambitse zizindikirozi mpaka zaka zisanu mutayamba kumwa mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, chizindikiro choyamba ndikumva phokoso la kulira m'khutu. Zingakhale ngati munthu akulankhula ndi wina, kapena zitha kukhala phokoso la "kulira" kapena phokoso la "kufuula". Madokotala amatcha izi tinnitus . Tinnitus ingakhalenso chizindikiro choyamba cha kutaya kumva. Zizindikiro zina zikuphatikizapo:

• Kutaya kumva (m'khutu limodzi kapena onse awiri).
• Kumva ngati mukutaya mphamvu mukamayenda, makamaka mukakwera masitepe.
• Kuvuta kuyenda usiku kapena m'malo amdima.
• Kuyenda motalikirana mapazi kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.
• Oscillopsia ndi kumva ngati zinthu zomwe sizikuyenda zikuoneka ngati zikuzungulira. Izi zimatchedwa oscillopsia .
• Kumva chizungulire, ngati mutu wako ukuzungulira, ngati manja ako akuzungulira, kapena kumva kutopa.

Tangoganizirani momwe zingakhalire zosasangalatsa ngati mwadzidzidzi mutamva chizungulire mukugwira ntchito zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku, kapena ngati mwayamba kukomoka mukuyenda? Izi ndi zizindikiro zomwe tiyenera kuziganizira.

Kodi izi zimakhudza bwanji ana aang'ono?

Ngati vutoli litachitika mwa ana aang'ono, makamaka omwe ali ndi zaka zokwanira zophunzirira kulankhula, likhoza kukhala chopinga chachikulu pa kuphunzira kwawo ndi kulankhulana ndi ena. Monga makolo, tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Kuvuta kukhala maso, kaya kusukulu kapena pophunzira china.
• Kutopa msanga pamene uyenera kumvetsera kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Kuvutika kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena, kukayikira kulankhula, kapena kusalankhula konse. Nthawi zina izi zingakhalenso chifukwa chomwe mwana amachedwa kulankhula.

Ngati mwana ali ndi chidwi chofuna kuphunzira chinachake, koma mwadzidzidzi atasiya chidwi nacho, kapena ngati nthawi zonse amanena kuti watopa, muyenera kuganizira izi mopitirira muyeso osati kungoganiza kuti ndi vuto.

Chifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika chifukwa cha ototoxicity?

Malinga ndi madokotala, pali mitundu yoposa 200 ya mankhwala omwe angawononge khutu lathu lamkati (mankhwala owopsa). Ena mwa mankhwala amenewa amafunika kuti dokotala amupatse mankhwala. Koma ena, mwachitsanzo, ena ochepetsa ululu, angagulidwe ku pharmacy popanda mankhwala.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti mankhwala ambiri omwe amati ndi ovulaza khutu kwenikweni ndi mankhwala ofunikira opulumutsa moyo. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a khansa, kapena mankhwala a matenda oopsa a mabakiteriya. Pazochitika zotere, phindu lomwa mankhwalawo, lomwe ndi kupulumutsa moyo , limaposa kuwonongeka pang'ono komwe kungachitike ku khutu.

Komanso, mankhwala ena a `(ototoxic)` amangovulaza ngati atengedwa mu mlingo waukulu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri sitimamwa mlingo waukulu chonchi. Pali magulu angapo akuluakulu a mankhwala omwe angawononge khutu:

Mankhwala opha tizilombo a Aminoglycoside

Izi ndi mtundu wa maantibayotiki omwe amaperekedwa pochiza matenda a bakiteriya. Pamodzi ndi mankhwala oletsa khansa, gulu la mankhwala awa (aminoglycosides) amaonedwa kuti ndi omwe amachititsa poizoni wa ototoxicity. Nazi zitsanzo zina:

• `(Amikacin)`
• `(Gentamicin)`
• `(Kanamycin)`
• `( Neomycin )`
• `(Netilmicin)`
• `(Streptomycin)`
• `(Tobramycin)`
• `(Vancomycin)` (Izi nthawi zina zimaphatikizidwanso mu gulu ili)

Mankhwala a chemotherapy

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa. Ena mwa awa akhoza kukhala oopsa m'makutu:

• `(Carboplatin)`
• `( Cisplatin )`

Mankhwala oletsa kutupa m'mimba (loop diuretics) - "mapiritsi a madzi"

Mankhwala awa ndi omwe amathandiza impso kutulutsa mchere ndi madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi kudzera mu mkodzo. Anthu ena amawatchanso "mapiritsi amadzi." Ena mwa awa ndi awa:

• `(Bumetanide)`
• `(Ethacrynic acid)`
• `( Furosemide )` (Iyi ndi mankhwala omwe anthu ambiri amawadziwa)
• `(Torsemide)`

Mankhwala ena ndi mankhwala

Ngakhale kuti sizodziwika, ototoxicity ingayambitsenso chifukwa cha:

• Quinine:Mankhwala operekedwa pochiza malungo.
• Ma Salicylates : Awa ndi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu omwe amaperekedwa popanda chilolezo cha dokotala. Aspirin, yomwe tonse timaidziwa, ndi mtundu wa salicylate. Komabe, mavuto amatha kuchitika akamwedwa mopitirira muyeso komanso kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Mankhwala m'chilengedwe: Nthawi zina vutoli lingayambitsidwe ndi zinthu monga mercury , tin, lead, ndi carbon monoxide m'chilengedwe.

Kodi zinthu zoopsa ndi ziti?

Chiwopsezo chotenga matenda a ototoxicity si chofanana kwa aliyense. Kutengera ndi mankhwala omwe mukumwa, dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zoopsa izi. Zina mwa zinthu zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Mtundu wa mankhwala omwe mukumwa: Mankhwala ena ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha izi kuposa ena.
• Mlingo wa mankhwala: Kuchuluka koyenera kumwa.
• Kutenga mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji.
• Ngati mukumwa mankhwala angapo omwe angakhale oopsa m'makutu pamodzi. Ngati ndi choncho, chiopsezocho chingakule kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, asayansi apeza kuti majini a anthu ena (DNA) nawonso angathandize . Makamaka, kapangidwe ka majini a anthu ena (kapena kapangidwe kawo) kangawonjezere chiopsezo cha poizoni wa ototoxicity akamamwa maantibayotiki ena a aminoglycoside.

Mavuto chifukwa cha ototoxicity

Kuwonongeka kwa khutu lamkati komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala a "ototoxic" awa nthawi zambiri kumakhala "kosasinthika" . Izi zikutanthauza kuti mavuto a nthawi yayitali okhudzana ndi kumva komanso kulinganiza bwino amatha kuchitika. Makamaka kwa ana aang'ono, mavuto akumva awa amatha kulepheretsa luso lawo lolankhula, kuphunzira chilankhulo, komanso kukulitsa luso lomwe amafunikira kuti alankhule ndi ena. Tangoganizirani, ngati mwana sangathe kumva bwino mawu, angaphunzire bwanji kugwiritsa ntchito mawu amenewo polankhula? Komabe, ngakhale kuwonongekako sikungatheke, madokotala amatha kuyang'anira vuto lanu, kuchiza zizindikiro ngati zitabuka, ndikupereka chithandizo chofunikira.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji vutoli?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, mungafunike kuonana ndi katswiri wa khutu, mphuno, ndi pakhosi (katswiri wa otolaryngologist kapena katswiri wa ENT) kapena katswiri wa zomvera. Adzachita mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti aone mkati mwa khutu lanu, kutengera zizindikiro zanu. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti dokotala wanu athe kuyesa kumva kwanu ndi momwe mukumvera asanakupatseni mankhwala omwe akuganiziridwa kuti ndi ototoxic.Komanso, mutha kuyezetsa izi nthawi ndi nthawi mukumwa mankhwalawo. Mwanjira imeneyi, ngati pali kusintha kulikonse chifukwa cha zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawo, mutha kuzizindikira mwachangu.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa?

Kuti aone momwe khutu lanu lamkati likugwirira ntchito, dokotala wanu angachite mayeso monga awa:

• Audiogram: Izi zimayesa momwe mumamvera bwino mawu osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo mawu ofewa, okweza, mawu okwera ndi otsika (pitch), komanso momwe mumamvetsetsa mawu.
• Mayeso a Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR): Izi zimayesa momwe mitsempha yanu yomvera imayankhira phokoso komanso momwe yankholo limayendera ku ubongo.
• Mayeso a Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs): Kapangidwe kowoneka bwino kwambiri konga tsitsi mkati mwa khutu lamkati (maselo a tsitsi mu cochlea) kamatulutsa kugwedezeka pang'onopang'ono kwambiri (kugwedezeka kwa mawu) poyankha phokoso. Mayesowa amayesa kugwedezeka kumeneku kuti awone momwe maselowo akugwirira ntchito.
• Batire yoyesera ya Vestibular: Iyi si mayeso amodzi okha, koma mayeso angapo oyesera kuti aone ngati pali mavuto ofanana. Mwachitsanzo, izi zitha kuphatikizapo mayeso monga `(Videonystagmography - VNG)` (kuyang'ana mayendedwe a maso), `(Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials - VEMPs)` (kuyang'ana mayankho a mitsempha yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kulinganiza), `(Rotary chair test)` (kuyesa mutakhala pampando wozungulira), ndi `(video Head Impulse Testing - vHIT)`.

Kodi ototoxicity imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Mwatsoka, kusiya mankhwala ophera poizoni sikubweza kuwonongeka komwe kwachitika kale. Komabe, kusiya mankhwalawo kapena kuchepetsa mlingo (ngati n'kotheka) kungathandize kupewa kuwonongeka kwina. Komabe, monga tanenera kale, mankhwala ophera poizoni awa nthawi zambiri amapulumutsa moyo. Chifukwa chake, kusiya kapena kusintha kwakukulu pa dongosolo lanu la chithandizo sikutheka nthawi zonse. Pazochitika zotere, dokotala wanu adzayang'anira momwe mumayankhira mankhwalawo ndikuthandizani kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu.

Zida ndi njira zothandizira kuthana ndi zizindikiro

Ngakhale kuwonongeka sikungathe kubwezeretsedwa, pali njira zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukhala ndi zizindikiro:

• Zipangizo zothandizira kumva: Zipangizozi zimathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kumva, makamaka omwe ali ndi vuto la kumva, kumva zinthu bwino komanso kupangitsa kuti kulankhulana kukhale kosavuta.
• Zipangizo zamagetsi zoikamo m'makutu: Izi ndi zipangizo zamagetsi zomwe zimayikidwa mkati mwa khutu. Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la kumva omwe sagwira ntchito bwino ndi zida zothandizira kumva nthawi zonse.
• Kubwezeretsa ma vestibular:Iyi ndi maphunziro apadera. Mudzagwira ntchito ndi katswiri wa vestibular kapena katswiri wa physiotherapy kuti muphunzire masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi njira zomwe zingathandize thupi lanu kuzolowera ndikulimbana ndi mavuto okhazikika omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mavuto amkati mwa khutu. Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro monga chizungulire ndi kuyenda movutikira.

Kodi poizoni wa ototoxicity ungapewedwe?

Vutoli silingathe kupewedwa nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina, ndikofunikira kupereka mankhwala ophera poizoni kuti mupulumutse moyo wanu. Komabe, ngati muzindikira zizindikiro msanga, dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni mwachangu komanso mwina kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwina. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala omwe angawononge makutu anu, dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse. Iye adzakuuzaninso zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kusamala nazo komanso zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kuwonana ndi dokotala ngati mukuziona.

Kodi vutoli lidzatha liti?

Kuwonongeka kwa khutu lamkati komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha poizoni wa ototoxicity sikungasinthe . Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwonongekako kumakhala kosatha. Komabe, kutengera ndi matenda anu, dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha dongosolo lanu la chithandizo (ngati n'kotheka) kuti aletse kuwonongeka kwina ndi zizindikiro kuti zisakule kwambiri. Komabe, chifukwa nthawi zambiri sizingatheke kusiya kumwa mankhwala, dokotala wanu adzapanga dongosolo la chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu. Kutengera ndi matenda anu komanso mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa, dokotala wanu adzakulankhulani za zoopsa zomwa mankhwala a ototoxic.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji ine ndi mwana wanga?

• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zoopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mwapatsidwa. Musaope kufunsa mafunso.
• Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse kwatsopano m'kumva kwanu, kusinthasintha, kapena zizindikiro zina zilizonse mutayamba kumwa mankhwala omwe mukuganiza kuti ndi ototoxic, ngakhale atakhala ochepa, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Ngati ndinu kholo kapena wosamalira mwana wanu amene mukupereka mankhwalawa kwa mwana wamng'ono, samalani kwambiri kusintha kulikonse mwa mwana wanu. Zingakhale zovuta kuzindikira zizindikiro mwa ana aang'ono. Kuwonjezera pa kufunafuna zizindikiro za mavuto a kumva kapena kulinganiza bwino, dziwani zizindikiro zilizonse zosonyeza kuti mwana wanu akuvutika kuganizira bwino kapena akutopa nthawi zonse. N'zotheka kuti kukhumudwa komwe mwana wanu akukumana nako kungakhale chifukwa cha vuto la kumva. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, onani dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri.

Kodi ototoxicity imayamba mofulumira bwanji?

Zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Anthu ena angakumane ndi zotsatirapo zake nthawi yomweyo akayamba kumwa mankhwalawo. Kwa ena, zizindikirozi sizingawonekere mpaka zaka zisanu atayamba kulandira chithandizo. Mankhwala ena ndi mankhwala amachedwa kubweretsa zotsatirapo zake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kukhala ndi mayeso a kumva nthawi zonse omwe dokotala wanu akukulangizani kuti muwone momwe mukumvera.

Kumbukirani, mankhwala ambiri okhudzana ndi poizoni wa okosijeni, monga maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy, ndi ofunikira pa moyo. Ngakhale kuti amatha kuwononga khutu lamkati, ubwino wowamwa, kaya ndi kuchiza matendawa kapena kupulumutsa moyo, ndi woposa zoopsa zake.

Ngati mukumwa mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti ndi ovulaza makutu anu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zizindikiro zilizonse zochenjeza zomwe zingachitike mkati mwa khutu lanu. Mukazindikira kusintha mwachangu, dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni mwachangu ndikukupatsani dongosolo loyenera la chisamaliro.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe tiyenera kukumbukira! (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, tiyeni tiwone mwachidule zomwe takambirana kuti zikuthandizeni kukumbukira mfundo zofunika kwambiri:

• Kuopsa kwa khutu lamkati ndi kuwonongeka kwa khutu lamkati komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala ena. Izi zingakhudze kumva ndi kukhazikika bwino.
• Dziwani zizindikiro monga tinnitus (kulira m'makutu), kutaya kumva, ndi chizungulire.
• Ngakhale kuti pali zoopsa mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opulumutsa moyo, ubwino wa mankhwala nthawi zambiri umaposa zoopsa zake. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa zoopsa zake.
• Ngati mwapatsidwa mankhwala ophera poizoni, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwalawa ndipo pitani ku mayeso omwe akukonzekera.
• Ngati muwona zizindikiro zatsopano, ngakhale zitakhala zazing'ono, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Chithandizo chachangu chingathandize kupewa vutoli kuti lisakule kwambiri.

Ndi udindo wanu kusamalira thanzi lanu. Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani kuchita zimenezo!