Tiyeni tiphunzire za kapamba - ntchito yosalankhula ya thupi lathu.

Tonsefe timalankhula za ziwalo zina m'thupi lathu nthawi zonse. Nthawi zonse timaganizira za zinthu monga mtima, mapapo, ndi impso. Koma pali china m'mimba mwathu, chobisika pang'ono, chomwe chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Chimenecho ndi kapamba. Mwina simunamvepo dzinali kwambiri, kapena mwangomva kuti likugwirizana ndi matenda a shuga. Koma kwenikweni, kapamba uyu ndi wogwira ntchito chete koma wofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tiphunzire za wogwira ntchito chete uyu, ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzanu.

Kodi kwenikweni kapamba ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, kapamba ndi chiwalo chachikulu chomwe chili kumbuyo kwa mimba yathu, kutsogolo kwa msana wathu. Ndi gawo la dongosolo lathu logaya chakudya, komanso dongosolo lathu la endocrine. Taganizirani ngati mafakitale awiri omwe amagwira ntchito pansi pa denga limodzi. Mafakitale awiriwa amapanga mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya zinthu.

1. Ma Enzyme: Iyi ndi gawo la kugaya chakudya lomwe limapanga mankhwala apadera (ma enzyme) omwe amatithandiza kugaya chakudya chomwe timadya ndikuchiphwanya kuti thupi lizitha kuyamwa michere.

2. Mahomoni omwe amalamulira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi: Ichi ndi gawo la dongosolo la mahomoni. Apa ndi pomwe mahomoni awiri ofunikira kwambiri , insulin ndi glucagon, amapangidwa, omwe amathandiza kuti shuga m'magazi mwathu akhale pamlingo woyenera.

Tiyeni tiwone ntchito ziwiri zazikulu za kapamba mwatsatanetsatane.

Tiyeni tsopano tikambirane mozama pang'ono za ntchito ya mafakitale awiriwa. Mukamvetsetsa izi, mudzamvetsa bwino kufunika kwa kapamba.

1. Zimathandiza kugaya chakudya

Tangoganizani mukudya mpunga wokoma. Chakudya chikalowa m'mimba mwanu, kuti mupange mphamvu kuchokera mmenemo, chiyenera kugayidwa bwino ndikugawika m'tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Apa ndi pomwe kapamba amathandiza.

Pancreas imapanga madzi okwana malita 1 mpaka 4 patsiku. Kuchuluka kumeneku kumasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumadya. Umu ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito:

• Mukamaliza kudya, chakudyacho chimalowa m'mimba.
• Kenako, kuchokera m'mimba, chakudya chimalowa mu duodenum, gawo loyamba la matumbo athu ang'onoang'ono.
• Pa nthawi yomweyi, kapamba amatumiza madzi a enzyme omwe adapanga kudzera m'njira zazing'ono kupita mumtsempha waukulu wa kapamba.
• Mtsempha waukulu uwu umalumikizana ndi mtsempha wa ndulu, womwe umatenga ndulu kuchokera ku chiwindi chathu.
• Pomaliza, madzi a kapamba ndi ndulu izi zimaphatikizana ndikulowa mu duodenum, komwe zimayamba kuswa bwino ndikugaya mapuloteni, mafuta, ndi chakudya chomwe timadya.

Popanda njira imeneyi, sitingathe kugaya chakudya kapena kupeza zakudya kuchokera mmenemo.

2. Kupanga mahomoni ndi kuwongolera shuga m'magazi

Iyi ndi ntchito ina yofunika kwambiri ya kapamba. Selo lililonse m'thupi lathu limafuna mphamvu kuti ligwire ntchito. Mphamvu imeneyo imachokera ku shuga, yomwe ndi shuga chabe. Koma kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikuyenera kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa. Kuyenera kusungidwa pamlingo woyenera.

Apa ndi pomwe mahomoni awiri a insulin ndi glucagon amathandizira.

• Ngati shuga m'magazi achuluka: Tikadya chakudya chotsekemera, shuga m'magazi mwathu amawonjezeka. Panthawiyo, kapamba amapanga mahomoni otchedwa insulin ndikutulutsa m'magazi. Insulin imatenga shuga wochulukirapo ndikuyika m'maselo a thupi, kuwathandiza kupanga mphamvu. Kenako, shuga m'magazi amabwerera mwakale.
• Ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu watsika: Tikamakhala nthawi yayitali osadya, shuga m'magazi mwathu amatha kutsika. Panthawiyo, kapamba amapanga mahomoni otchedwa glucagon. Glucagon imatulutsa shuga (glycogen) yomwe imasungidwa m'chiwindi mwathu m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga m'magazi mwathu akhale wabwinobwino.

Pokhapokha ngati pali mgwirizano wabwino, ziwalo zathu zazikulu monga mtima, chiwindi, impso, ndi ubongo zimagwira ntchito bwino.

Mawonekedwe ndi ziwalo za kapamba

Pancreas ndi yayitali pafupifupi mainchesi 6, yomwe ndi kutalika kwa mkono wanu. Ili ndi mawonekedwe ngati peyala. Mbali imodzi ndi yonenepa, mbali inayo ndi yopyapyala. Kunja kuli ndi matuza, ngati chipolopolo cha chimanga. Imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 90, pafupifupi kukula kwa deki la makadi.

Pancreas ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo anayi akuluakulu.

Ndi matenda ati omwe angakhudze kapamba?

Matenda osiyanasiyana a kapamba akalephera kugwira ntchito bwino, amatha kuchitika. Zina mwa izi zitha kukhala zinthu zomwe mumazidziwa bwino.

Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zingayambitse vuto la pancreatic?

Pancreatitis ingayambitse zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala kuti akupatseni upangiri.

• Kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba chapamwamba, nthawi zina kumafalikira kumbuyo
• Kupweteka kwa msana
• Maso osawoneka bwino
• Mkodzo wakuda kapena ndowe zopepuka, zamafuta
• Kutopa
• Ludzu lochuluka kapena kufunikira kukodza pafupipafupi
• Kusanza kapena kusanza
• Kusanza m'miyendo
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa
• Kuoneka kwachikasu kwa maso ndi khungu (Jaundice)

Kodi mungayang'anire bwanji thanzi la kapamba?

Popeza kapamba ali mkati mwa mimba mwathu, n'kovuta kuti dokotala adziwe ngati pali vuto ndi kapamba pongomukhudza. Chifukwa chake, mayeso osiyanasiyana ayenera kuchitidwa kuti adziwe momwe alili.

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Yang'anani zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme a pancreatic ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
• Ultrasound ya m'mimba: Kupeza ndikuwunika zithunzi za ziwalo za m'mimba.
• Kujambula kwa CT: Chithunzi cha thupi choyang'ana kapamba ndi ziwalo zozungulira.
• Kujambula kwa MRI: Kumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito kujambula zithunzi zatsatanetsatane.
• Endoscopic Ultrasound: Kuwunika kwapafupi kwa kapamba pogwiritsa ntchito chubu chaching'ono chokhala ndi kamera (endoscope) chomwe chimayikidwa kudzera pakamwa.
• ERCP kapena MRCP: Mayeso apadera kuti aone zinthu monga kutsekeka kwa kapamba ndi ndulu.
• Kuyesa ndowe: Kuwona ngati kapamba akupanga ma enzyme okwanira ogaya chakudya.

Nthawi zina, kungakhale kofunikira kuchita opaleshoni kuti mutenge chitsanzo (biopsy) cha kapamba kuti chikayesedwe.

Zinthu zomwe tingachite kuti kapamba akhale wathanzi

Ndi udindo wathu kusamalira bwino wantchito wathu wosalankhula uyu. Kusintha pang'ono kwa moyo wathu kungachepetse chiopsezo cha matenda a kapamba.

• Khalani ndi kulemera kwabwino: Kulamulira kulemera kwanu ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kungathandize kupewa miyala ya m'matumbo, zomwe zingayambitse matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri ndi kapamba.
• Chepetsani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri: Zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri zingayambitse matenda a ndulu komanso chiopsezo cha khansa ya kapamba. Chifukwa chake, tsatirani zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi .
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa: Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a kapamba ndi khansa ya kapamba. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kumwa mowa kwathunthu .
• Pewani kusuta fodya konse: Kusuta fodya, kuphatikizapo kusuta ndudu, kumawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha khansa ya kapamba ndi kapamba kosatha.
• Pitani kuchipatala nthawi zonse: Mukapita kwa dokotala nthawi zonse komanso kukayezetsa kuchipatala, mutha kuzindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda a kapamba.

Kodi n'zotheka kukhala ndi moyo wopanda kapamba?

Inde, n'zotheka kukhala popanda kapamba. Koma si zophweka. Ngati kapamba wachotsedwa opaleshoni (pancreatectomy), muyenera kumwa mapiritsi a enzyme kuti mugaye chakudya moyo wanu wonse ndi jakisoni wa insulin kuti muwongolere shuga m'magazi mwanu. Pancreas yonse nthawi zambiri imachotsedwa ngati muli ndi khansa ya kapamba, ngozi yayikulu ya kapamba, kapena kapamba woopsa.

Tsopano mwamvetsa kufunika kwa kapamba m'thupi mwathu. Chifukwa chake, samalirani ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Kenako wantchito wathu wodekha adzatha kupitiriza ntchito zake popanda vuto lililonse.