Azimayi ambiri amachita mantha pang'ono, amachita manyazi, kapena amachita manyazi akamva za mayeso a "Pap Smear". Nthawi zina amaganiza kuti, "O, panalibe vuto nthawi yatha, bwanji uchitenso?" Koma kodi mukudziwa kuti mayeso osavuta awa a mphindi zochepa ndi amphamvu komanso ofunika kwambiri kotero kuti angakupulumutseni moyo wanu? Lero, tiyeni tichotse mantha ndi mafunso onse okhudza izi ndikukambirana mosavuta, ngati kuti mukulankhula ndi mnzanu.
Mwachidule, kodi Pap smear ndi chiyani?
Kuyeza magazi m'mimba, komwe nthawi zina kumatchedwanso kuti mayeso a Pap, kumachitika makamaka pofuna kuona ngati pali khansa ya m'chiberekero . Khomo lachiberekero ndiye potulukira chiberekero chanu. Kuyeza kumeneku kumaphatikizapo kutenga maselo ang'onoang'ono pamwamba pa khomo lachiberekero ndikuwayang'ana pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu.
Chinthu chachikulu komanso chofunikira kwambiri pa izi ndichakuti m'malo mopeza ngati pali khansa, imatha kuzindikira maselo omwe angayambitse khansa . Monga momwe kupeza utsi waung'ono m'nyumba kungalepheretse moto waukulu kuchitika. Ngati maselo osazolowereka awa apezeka msanga, amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi mankhwala osavuta asanakhale khansa.
Mayesowa amatchedwa "Pap" polemekeza Dr. George Papanicolaou, dokotala waku America amene adapanga mayesowa.
Kodi mayesowa akuyang'ana chiyani kwenikweni?
Mayeso a Pap amayang'ana kwambiri mfundo zazikulu zingapo.
- Khansa ya pachibelekero: Izi zimachitika pofufuza mwachindunji maselo a khansa m'chibelekero.
- Dysplasia: Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Chimayang'ana kusintha kwa maselo komwe kungakhale khansa . Ngati izi zapezeka msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza.
- Kachilombo ka papilloma ka munthu (HPV): Nthawi zina, mayeso a HPV amachitidwa limodzi ndi mayeso a pap. HPV ndi kachilombo kofala kwambiri komwe kamafalikira pogonana. Mitundu ina ya kachilombo ka HPV ndi yomwe imayambitsa khansa ya pachibelekero.
Chofunika: Kuyezetsa kwa Pap sikungathe kuzindikira matenda ena opatsirana pogonana monga chinzonono kapena chlamydia. Izi ziyenera kuyesedwa padera. Komabe, nthawi zina zingapereke lingaliro la matenda monga trichomonas, mabakiteriya, kapena matenda a yisiti.
Kodi mayeso a Pap ayenera kuchitidwa ali ndi zaka zingati ndipo kangati?
Izi zimadalira zaka zanu, mbiri yanu ya thanzi, ndi zotsatira za mayeso am'mbuyomu. Nazi zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalimbikitsidwa:
| Gulu la zaka | Nthawi yovomerezeka |
|---|---|
| Zaka 21 - 30 | Yesani Pap test zaka zitatu zilizonse. |
| Zaka 30 - 65 | Mungasankhe kuchita mayeso a Pap ndi HPV pamodzi (kuyezetsa pamodzi) zaka zisanu zilizonse kapena kungoyezetsa Pap zaka zitatu zilizonse. Mutha kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndikusankha chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu. |
| Zaka zoposa 65 | Ngati zotsatira zonse za mayeso anu am'mbuyomu zili bwino ndipo mulibe zinthu zinazake zoopsa, dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amalangiza kuti musiye mayesowo. |
Ndani ayenera kuyesedwa pafupipafupi?
Nthawi zina zapadera, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muchite mayesowa msanga kuposa nthawi imeneyi, kapena ngakhale mutakwanitsa zaka 65. Milandu yotereyi ikuphatikizapo:
- Ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV, kapena ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili pachiwopsezo chifukwa cha chithandizo cha khansa (chemotherapy) kapena matenda ena.
- Ngati amayi anu adamwa mankhwala otchedwa Diethylstilbestrol (DES) pamene anali kukunyamulani m'mimba mwawo (mankhwalawa anali operekedwa kwa amayi apakati mpaka cha m'ma 1971).
- Ngati munakhalapo ndi khansa ya pachibelekeropo kale.
- Ngati zotsatira za mayeso a Pap apitawo sizinali zachilendo .
Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji mayeso asanayambe?
Kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola kwambiri, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira njira izi kuyambira masiku awiri mayeso asanachitike.
- Pewani kugonana ndi mkazi kwa masiku awiri musanayesedwe .
- Musagwiritse ntchito ma tampons, mafuta odzola kapena mankhwala, thovu loletsa kubereka kapena ma jellies, mafuta odzola, kapena ma douches kwa masiku awiri .
- Ndi bwino kukonzekera mayeso anu atatha msambo . Ngati mukuchita msambo tsiku lomwe mayesowo akuchitika, funsani dokotala wanu zomwe mungachite. Mungafunike kusintha tsikulo, chifukwa kutuluka magazi ambiri kungakhudze zotsatira zake.
Momwe mungachitire mayeso - palibe choopa!
Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumachitika m'chipinda cha dokotala. Zonsezi zimatenga mphindi zochepa chabe. Palibe chifukwa chochitira mantha kapena manyazi. Dokotala ndi anamwino adzakuthandizani kwambiri.
1. Choyamba, mudzapemphedwa kuti muvule zovala zanu pansi pa chiuno kapena kusintha kwathunthu ndikuvala diresi la kuchipatala.
2. Kenako mudzagonekedwa patebulo lapadera loyezetsera ndipo miyendo yanu idzaikidwa m'mabokosi. Mudzapatsidwa nsalu kapena pepala loti muphimbe miyendo yanu.
3. Kenako, dokotala adzalowetsa pang'onopang'ono chipangizo cha pulasitiki kapena chachitsulo chotchedwa 'speculum' mu nyini yanu. Mungamve kupanikizika pang'ono panthawiyi. Chipangizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsegula nyini pang'ono ndikuwona bwino khomo lachiberekero.
4. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito burashi yofewa kwambiri kapena spatula, pukutani pang'onopang'ono maselo ena pamwamba pa chiberekero. Izi sizipweteka.
5. Chitsanzo cha maselo osonkhanitsidwacho chimayikidwa mu botolo laling'ono lokhala ndi madzi apadera, ndipo speculum imachotsedwa.
Ndizo zonse. Ntchito yonseyi imatenga mphindi zosakwana 5.
Mungathe kumva madontho ang'onoang'ono a magazi mutamaliza kuyezetsa. Izi ndi zachilendo, musadandaule. Komabe, ngati kutuluka magazi kumatenga maola opitilira 24 kapena ngati muli ndi ululu kapena kusapeza bwino, chonde dziwitsani dokotala wanu.
Mukapeza zotsatira... kodi zimenezo zikutanthauza chiyani?
Chitsanzo cha selo lanu chimatumizidwa ku labu kuti chikayesedwe. Zingatenge pafupifupi milungu itatu kuti zotsatira zibwererenso. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya zotsatira.
| Mtundu wa zotsatira | Tanthauzo losavuta |
|---|---|
| Zachizolowezi / Zoyipa | Uthenga wabwino! Palibe maselo olakwika omwe adapezeka pa chiberekero chanu. Chilichonse chili bwino. Mudzayesedwanso pambuyo pa zaka 3-5. |
| Sizikumveka bwino (Sizikumveka bwino / Zachilendo) | Nthawi zina, labu silingathe kudziwa bwinobwino ngati maselowo ndi abwinobwino kapena osazolowereka chifukwa cha zifukwa monga kusakwanira kwa zitsanzo za maselo kapena matenda. Zikatero, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kuti muyesedwenso pakatha miyezi ingapo. |
| Zachilendo (Zachilendo / Zabwino) | Izi zikutanthauza kuti kusintha kwina kwawoneka m'maselo a chiberekero. Musachite mantha ndi zotsatirazi! Izi sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa. Nthawi zambiri izi ndi kusintha komwe kumachitika asanakhale khansa. Dokotala adzakufunsani kuti muyesedwenso (colposcopy) kuti afufuze bwino vutoli. |
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati zotsatira zachilendo zapezeka?
Ngati zotsatira zanu sizili bwino, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe ndi colposcopy .
Izi ndi zosavuta monga mayeso a Pap. Chomwe mungachite apa ndikuyang'ana kwambiri chiberekero chanu pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera chokulitsa (colposcope). Mutha kuwona bwino madera omwe mukukayikira kuti pali maselo osazolowereka. Ngati pakufunika, chidutswa chaching'ono kwambiri cha minofu (biopsy) chimatengedwa kuchokera m'derali ndikutumizidwa ku labu kuti akayesedwenso. Umu ndi momwe mungatsimikizire kusintha kwenikweni kwa maselo.
Mafunso ena omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri
Kodi mayeso a Pap amafunikira pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya chiberekero?
Izi zimadalira mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita komanso chifukwa chake.
- Ngati chiberekero chanu sichinachotsedwe panthawi ya opaleshoni yanu, muyenera kupitirizabe kuyesedwa kwa Pap.
- Ngati chiberekero chanu chinachotsedwa kwathunthu panthawi ya opaleshoni, ndipo opaleshoniyo sinachitike chifukwa cha khansa (monga matenda monga fibroids, mwachitsanzo), mwina simudzafunikiranso mayeso a Pap.
- Komabe, ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni yochotsa chiberekero chanu chifukwa cha khansa ya chiberekero, chiberekero, kapena mazira, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mupitirize kuyezetsa kuti muwone ngati pali chiopsezo chotenga maselo a khansa kumtunda kwa nyini yanu. Ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
Kodi namwali amafunika mayeso a Pap?
Inde. Chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha khansa ya pachibelekero chimayamba chifukwa cha kusachita zogonana. Komanso, HPV, yomwe ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha khansa ya pachibelekero, nthawi zina imatha kufalikira kudzera mu kukhudzana kwa khungu ndi khungu popanda kugonana. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchita mayeso a Pap pa nthawi yoyenera mukakwanitsa zaka 21, kaya mukuchita zogonana kapena ayi .
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati simunachite mayeso a Pap?
Iyi ndi njira yabwino komanso yokhayo yodziwira kusintha kwa maselo asanayambe khansa ya pachibelekero. Ngati simuchita mayesowa, simungadziwe kuti maselo a khansa akukula m'thupi lanu. Khansa ikadzakula ndipo zizindikiro zake zikuwonekera, zingakhale zitachedwa kwambiri kuti muchiritse.
Kumbukirani, kuzindikira msanga ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopulumutsira miyoyo, ndipo mayeso a Pap ndi mwayi wofunikira kwambiri wochitira zimenezo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Pap Smear ndi njira yothandiza yotetezera khansa ya pachibelekero. Musachite mantha kapena kuchita manyazi nayo.
- Ubwino waukulu wa izi ndikuti zimatha kuzindikira kusintha kwa maselo komwe kumabweretsa khansa isanayambe .
- Onetsetsani kuti mwachita mayesowa motsatira ndondomeko yomwe dokotala wanu akulangiza, yogwirizana ndi msinkhu wanu komanso thanzi lanu.
- Kungoti zotsatira za mayeso ndi "zachilendo" sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa. Musachite mantha ndi izi ndipo tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso, mantha, kapena kukayikira pankhaniyi, kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu.
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