Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri zokhudza matenda a Salmonella. Zinthu izi ndizofunikira kuti tipewe mavuto am'mimba!

Lero tikambirana za matenda omwe anthu ambiri nthawi zina amadwala, omwe angakhale okwiyitsa pang'ono. Kodi mwadzidzidzi munayamba mwamva kupweteka m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, kapena kusanza? Nthawi zina chifukwa cha vutoli ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kotchedwa Salmonella , komwe ndi bakiteriya. Choncho lero tikambirana za Salmonella, momwe imalowera mwa ife, zomwe mungachite ikalowa, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, momwe mungadzitetezere ku matendawa.

Kodi Salmonella iyi ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Salmonella ndi mtundu wa kachilombo kakang'ono kwambiri moti sikangathe kuoneka ndi maso . Kunena zoona, ndi bakiteriya. Bakiteriya aka akalowa m'thupi mwathu ndi chakudya kapena madzi, timapeza vuto lotchedwa ``Salmonellosis'', kutanthauza matenda a salmonella. Izi zikachitika, nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kupweteka m'mimba kwa masiku angapo, kutsegula m'mimba, nthawi zina kangapo patsiku, kusanza, malungo, ndi kupweteka m'mimba. Koma nthawi zambiri, palibe chodetsa nkhawa nacho. Ngati mumamwa madzi ambiri ndikupumula thupi lanu, anthu ambiri amachira pakatha masiku anayi kapena asanu, nthawi zina pa sabata.

Kodi tingapewe bwanji Salmonella?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe kachilombo koopsa aka kamalowera m'thupi mwathu. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika tikamadya kapena kumwa chakudya chomwe chadetsedwa ndi ndowe za nyama zomwe zili ndi mabakiteriya a Salmonella mosadziwa. Tangoganizirani zomwe zingachitike ngati chinthu chonga ichi chikachitika:

• Ngati mudya nyama, nsomba, nkhuku, ng'ombe, kapena mazira osaphikidwa bwino. Anthu ena amakonda kudya mazira osawaphika bwino, ndi yolk ikadali mumadzimadzi. Kapena mazira "owiritsa theka". Majeremusi awa amatha kulowa m'thupi mosavuta kudzera mu zinthu ngati zimenezo. Pali chiopsezo ngati mkati mwa nkhuku kapena ng'ombe simunaphikidwa bwino mukaphikidwa.
• Ngati mwadula nyama yaiwisi kapena nsomba ndi mpeni womwewo ndi bolodi lodulira (bolodi lodulira) monga saladi, tangoganizani kuti mwadula nkhuku pang'ono ndikuyiyika pa bolodi. Kenako, popanda kutsuka bolodilo bwino, mwadula kabichi ndi kaloti kuti mugwiritse ntchito pa saladi. Kodi majeremusi a Salmonella omwe anali pa nyamayo sakanapitanso ku ndiwo zamasamba za saladi? Izi ndi zomwe timatcha kuti cross-contamination.
• Ngati mumwa mkaka womwe sunapatsidwe mkaka wophikidwa. Kupaka mkaka wophikidwa ndi njira yowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu mkaka. Mapaketi ambiri a mkaka omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo amalembedwa kuti "pasteurized." Ngati mumwa mkaka womwe sunatenthedwe bwino, monga mkaka wogulidwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku famu, pali chiopsezo.
• Ngati mudya ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zomwe sizinatsukidwe bwino, nthawi zina majeremusiwa amatha kusonkhana kuchokera ku feteleza omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polima ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso, kapena kuchokera ku malo ozungulira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsuka ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zonse zomwe zimadyedwa zosaphika bwino ndi madzi musanadye.

Njira ina ndi ngati titapeza chinthu chonga ndowe zokhala ndi mabakiteriyawa m'manja mwathu ndikuchiyika mkamwa mwathu osasamba m'manja moyenera. Izi zitha kuchitika:

• Ngati musamba m'madzi odetsedwa omwe ali ndi majeremusi, kapena ngati mumwa madzi amenewo, nthawi zina madzi m'malo monga maiwe ndi mitsinje amatha kukhala odetsedwa.
• Ngati mugwira chiweto chomwe chili ndi kachilomboka popanda kusamba m'manja moyenera musanadye, mabakiteriyawa akhoza kupezeka pa ziweto za pafamu monga nkhuku ndi abakha, kapena pa zokwawa monga aguana ndi akamba. Ngati simusamba m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo mutagwira, pali mwayi waukulu woti mudwale.

Chiwopsezo cha matenda a Salmonella kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina n'chochepa, koma sizingatheke. Pali mwayi wochepa woti munthu afalikire, makamaka ngati chimbudzi chomwe munthu amene akutsegula m'mimba amagwiritsa ntchito sichinatsukidwe bwino, kapena ngati zovala za munthuyo zili ndi kachilomboka.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a Salmonella ndi ziti?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro zomwe thupi lathu limawonetsa tikadwala matenda a Salmonella. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuonekera patangopita maola ochepa mpaka masiku awiri kachilomboka katalowa m'thupi.

• Kutupa m'mimba: Ichi ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu. Nthawi zina pangakhale magazi pang'ono m'chimbudzi.
• Kupweteka m'mimba ndi nseru: Kumamveka ngati m'mimba mwapweteka.
• Kusanza: Mungathe kusanza ngati simungathe kusunga chakudya.
• Malungo: Thupi limakhala lotentha komanso lotentha.
• Mutu: Anthu ena angavutike ndi mutu.
• Kupweteka kwa thupi: Thupi likhoza kumva ngati kuti lili ndi moyo, ngati kuti likupweteka.

Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri: Kwa makanda aang'ono, kutanthauza makanda omwe ali ndi miyezi ingapo, kapena kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka (monga munthu amene akulandira mankhwala a chemotherapy chifukwa cha khansa, kapena munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV), matenda a Salmonella awa akhoza kukhala oopsa kwambiri. Kwa anthu otere, pali chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana m'mitsempha ya mkodzo, majeremusi kulowa m'magazi (izi ndi zomwe timatcha `bacteremia` mu mankhwala), ndi matenda omwe amafalikira ku mafupa, mafupa, kapena ngakhale muubongo. Chifukwa chake, tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi anthu otere.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati iyi ndi Salmonella?

Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikiro monga kutsegula m'mimba kapena kusanza, ndipo dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti mwina ndi Salmonella kutengera mafunso omwe amafunsa komanso mayeso omwe mukuchita, akhoza kukuyesani kuti atsimikizire.

Kuyezetsa ndowe nthawi zambiri kumachitika. Izi zimatha kuzindikira molondola kupezeka kwa mabakiteriya a Salmonella mu chitsanzo cha ndowe yanu. Nthawi zina zoopsa, makamaka ngati pali kukayikiridwa kwa matenda otchedwa bacteremia, dokotala wanu angasankhe kuchita mayeso ena, monga kuyezetsa magazi.

Kodi mumatani mukadwala Salmonella? Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe tiyenera kuchita tikadwala matenda a Salmonella.

1. Kupewa kutaya madzi m'thupi: Kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusanza zimapangitsa kuti thupi litaye madzi ndi mchere. Izi zingayambitse kusunga madzi m'thupi komanso kutaya madzi m'thupi. Izi ndi zoopsa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kumwa madzi ambiri.

• Mankhwala a Jeevani ndi abwino kwambiri. Mutha kuwapeza ku pharmacy.
• Imwani pang'ono zinthu monga madzi a lalanje, phala la mchere, supu, ndi madzi owiritsa bwino pafupipafupi.
• Ndi bwino kupewa zakumwa monga zakumwa zotsekemera ndi madzi a zipatso (makamaka madzi a apulo) chifukwa zimatha kuwonjezera kutsegula m'mimba.

2. Pumulani mokwanira: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupuma mokwanira chifukwa zimavuta thupi. Izi zimapatsa thupi mphamvu zolimbana ndi matendawa.

3. Musamwe mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba popanda kufunsa dokotala: Ichi ndi cholakwika chomwe anthu ambiri amachita. Mankhwala ena oletsa kutsegula m'mimba angapangitse kuti mabakiteriya akhalebe m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zingapangitse kuti matendawa achuluke kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, musamwe mankhwala awa nokha pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani malangizo.

Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri saperekedwa pa matenda a Salmonella, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amatha okha. Komabe, monga tanenera kale, kwa ana aang'ono, okalamba, anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, kapena ngati matendawa ndi oopsa komanso kutsegula m'mimba kwakhalapo kwa masiku angapo, dokotala angasankhe kupereka mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kodi simungathe kupewa matenda a Salmonella awa? Kodi mungawapewe bwanji?

Mwamwayi, pali zinthu zosavuta koma zofunika kwambiri zomwe tingachite kuti tidziteteze ku matenda a Salmonella. Ngati tonse titatsatira njira izi zodzitetezera, tingathandize kwambiri kupewa mavuto am'mimba awa.

Kumbukirani zinthu izi mukamakonza ndi kusunga chakudya:

• Phikani nyama monga nkhuku, ng'ombe, nkhumba, nsomba, ndi nsomba za m'nyanja bwino. Phikani mpaka nyamayo itaphikidwa bwino ndipo siidzakhalanso pinki. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito thermometer ya chakudya kuti muwone kutentha kwa nyamayo.
• Mukaphika mazira, aphikeni mpaka dzira litalimba kwambiri. Pewani kudya mazira osaphika kapena mazira omwe sanaphikidwe bwino.
• Pewani kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi mazira osaphika momwe mungathere. Mwachitsanzo, masaladi ena opangidwa kunyumba (monga saladi ya Caesar), makeke ena otsekemera (monga tiramisu), egg nog, ndi mtanda wa makeke osaphika akhoza kukhala ndi mazira osaphika. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana izi mukamagula kusitolo.
• Tsukani matabwa onse odulira, ziwiya monga mipeni, ndi makauntala omwe akhudza nyama yaiwisi kapena nkhuku bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi otentha. Ngati n'kotheka, khalani ndi bolodi losiyana la nyama yaiwisi ndi nsomba komanso bolodi losiyana la ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mkaka ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mkaka zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito pasteurized.
• Ikani zotsala mufiriji mwamsanga, mkati mwa maola awiri. Majeremusi amakula mosavuta akakhala panja. Gwiritsani ntchito chakudya chozizira mkati mwa masiku atatu kapena anayi.
• Sungani firiji yanu pa madigiri Celsius 4 (40°F) kapena kutsika. Sungani firiji yanu pa madigiri Celsius -18 (0°F) kapena kutsika.

Musaiwale zinthu izi mukamachita zinthu ndi nyama:

• Pewani kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi ndowe za ziweto, makamaka zokwawa monga akamba, aguana, ndi njoka. Valani magolovesi mukamatsuka makola ndi malo awo osungira nyama.
• Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi mutakhudza nyama iliyonse, makamaka nkhuku, abakha, ndi zokwawa.
• Pewani kubweretsa zokwawa pafupi ndi ana aang'ono, makamaka kumene amadya kapena kusewera. Chitetezo cha mthupi cha makanda ndi chofooka, kotero amatha kutenga matenda amtunduwu mosavuta.

Ukhondo ndiye chinthu chachikulu:

• Aliyense m'banja mwanu ayenera kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi komanso mokwanira. Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
• Pambuyo popita ku bafa.
• Musanakonze chakudya, musanadye chakudya.
• Pambuyo pokanda mphuno, kuyetsemula, ndi kukhosomola.
• Atatuluka ndi kubwera kunyumba.
• Pambuyo pokhudza nyama.

Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito sopo ndipo sambani m'manja mwanu bwino kwa masekondi osachepera 20.

• Tsukani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimadyedwa zosaphika bwino ndi madzi oyera.
• Imwani madzi okha omwe ali ndi chiphaso chovomerezeka. Pewani kumwa madzi ochokera kumadera okayikitsa (makamaka panthawi ya masoka monga kusefukira kwa madzi).
• Mukayenda pansi kapena kukagona m'misasa, musamwe madzi mwachindunji kuchokera m'mitsinje, mitsinje, kapena magwero ena a madzi. Ngati pali njira zoyeretsera madzi musanamwe (monga zosefera madzi, mapiritsi oyeretsera madzi), gwiritsani ntchito.

Ngati wina m'banjamo ali ndi vuto lotsegula m'mimba:

• Sambani m'manja nthawi zonse mukamamuthandiza, makamaka musanakhudze anthu ena, musanakonze chakudya, komanso musanadye.
• Munthu amene akutsegula m'mimba akayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi, chitsukeni bwino ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Tsukani zovala zake ndi zofunda zake m'madzi otentha.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

Ngakhale kuti matenda a Salmonella nthawi zambiri amatha pakatha masiku ochepa, nthawi zina ndikofunikira kupeza upangiri wa dokotala. Ngati inu kapena wina m'banja mwanu, makamaka mwana, ali ndi zizindikiro izi, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala:

• Ngati pali magazi ndi kutsegula m'mimba.
• Ngati kutsegula m'mimba kumatenga masiku opitilira atatu kapena anayi ndipo sikuchira.
• Ngati mupitiriza kusanza ndipo simungathe kuletsa chilichonse.
• Ngati mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za kutaya madzi m'thupi, zikutanthauza kuti:
• Ngati simunakodza kwambiri kuposa masiku onse (ngati simunakodze kwa maola 6-8).
• Ngati pakamwa panu ndi lilime lanu zili zouma kwambiri.
• Ngati palibe misozi yomwe imatuluka pang'ono (ya makanda aang'ono).
• Ngati maso anu akuoneka ozama kapena opanda kanthu.
• Ngati khungu lanu likumva lopanda moyo ndipo thupi lanu likumva lozizira.
• Ngati mukumva chizungulire mutaimirira.
• Ngati kupweteka m'mimba kwayamba kumene kapena kwakhala koopsa kwambiri kuposa kale.
• Ngati muli ndi malungo aakulu (oposa 38.5 Celsius / 101.3 Fahrenheit).
• Ngati mwanayo ali ndi tulo tofa nato, akuoneka wotopa, kapena sakusewera.
• Ngati muli ndi ululu wa mafupa.

Kumbukirani, mumamudziwa bwino mwana wanu. Ngakhale ngati zizindikirozi sizikupezeka, ngati muli ndi nkhawa kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi matenda a mwana wanu, nthawi zonse ndibwino kuyimbira dokotala kuti akupatseni upangiri. Musanyalanyaze chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka ngati chaching'ono.

Ndiye, ndi zinthu ziti zofunika kwambiri zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera munkhaniyi?

Chabwino, nazi zinthu zina zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana za Salmonella iyi yovutitsa:

• Phikani chakudya chanu bwino, sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi, ndipo sungani khitchini yanu ndi malo okonzera chakudya kukhala aukhondo. Njira zosavuta izi zithandiza kwambiri kupewa osati Salmonella yokha, komanso matenda ena ambiri am'mimba komanso poizoni wa chakudya.
• Pewani kuphika kapena kugwira zakudya zina (makamaka masaladi omwe amadyedwa osaphika) ndi manja, matabwa odulira, kapena mipeni yomwe yagwira nyama kapena nsomba zosaphika. "Kuipitsidwa ndi nyama" kumeneku ndi komwe kumayambitsa mavuto nthawi zambiri.
• Ngati pali makanda ang'onoang'ono, okalamba, kapena anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka (monga omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa zolimbana ndi matenda), samalani kwambiri kuti muwateteze, chifukwa matenda amtundu uwu amatha kukhala oopsa.
• Ngati muli ndi kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza, kutentha thupi, kapena kupweteka m'mimba, makamaka kwa mwana, ngati mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za kutaya madzi m'thupi, kapena ngati mukuona kuti vutoli ndi lalikulu, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Musadandaule! Salmonella ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa m'masiku ochepa ngati atachiritsidwa bwino, atapumula mokwanira komanso atamwa madzi okwanira. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuzindikira matendawa msanga, kuwasamalira bwino, ndikuchita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti mupewe.

Kotero, tiyeni tikumbukire zinthu izi ndikuyesera kukhala aukhondo komanso athanzi, eti?

Salmonella , Salmonella, kutsegula m'mimba, kusokonezeka m'mimba, poizoni wa chakudya, mabakiteriya, majeremusi, chitetezo cha chakudya, kusamba m'manja