Kodi mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa nthawi zonse kapena kupuma movutikira? Mungaganize kuti ndi zachilendo. Komabe, nthawi zina zizindikirozi zimatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa kwambiri omwe sitinamvepo zambiri. Lero, tikambirana za khansa yosowa, komanso yosadziwika bwino.
Kodi Pleural Mesothelioma ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, Pleural Mesothelioma ndi khansa yosowa yomwe imapezeka mu nembanemba yopyapyala, kapena membrane, yomwe imazungulira mapapo athu ndi khoma lamkati la chifuwa chathu. Mkati mwa chipatala, membrane iyi imatchedwa pleura . Imateteza mapapo athu ngati envelopu.
Khansa iyi imachokera ku nembanemba yotchedwa mesothelium. Ichi ndi chophimba choteteza chomwe chimazungulira ziwalo zambiri mkati mwa thupi lathu. Chifukwa chake, khansa yomwe imapezeka kulikonse mu nembanemba iyi ya mesothelium nthawi zambiri imatchedwa mesothelioma. Chifukwa imakula m'mapapo, imatchedwa Pleural Mesothelioma.
Chifukwa chachikulu komanso chogwirizana kwambiri ndi izi ndi kupezeka kwa asbestos . Mwina mudamvapo kuti mapepala a asbestos ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ngakhale padenga la nyumba m'dziko lathu. Asbestos iyi ndi mtundu wa mchere womwe unkagwiritsidwa ntchito kale pazinthu zambiri monga zipangizo zomangira ndi makampani opanga magalimoto. Tikapuma tinthu tating'onoting'ono tonga ulusi mkati mwake, timalowa m'mapapo ndikusungidwa. Thupi lathu silingathe kugaya kapena kuwononga tinthuti. Pakapita nthawi, tinthuti tingayambitse kutupa m'mapapo, matenda a maselo, ndipo pamapeto pake timasanduka khansa.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zinthu za asbestos zomwe sizinawonongeke sizili zoopsa. Komabe, pamene zinthuzo zasweka, zasweka, ndikukhala ngati fumbi, chiopsezo chachikulu chimabwera chifukwa chopuma tinthu timeneti.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya khansa iyi ndi iti?
Bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) lagawa khansa iyi m'magulu atatu akuluakulu, kutengera mtundu wa selo lomwe imayambira. Mitundu ina ya khansa imafalikira mwachangu ndipo ndi yovuta kuchiza. Kudziwa mtundu womwe muli nawo kungathandize dokotala wanu kusankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu komanso momwe matenda anu adzapitirire.
| Mtundu wa khansa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Epithelioid Mesothelioma | Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri (pakati pa 60% ndi 80% ya odwala onse). Ndi wosavuta kuchiza poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina iwiri. |
| Mesothelioma ya Sarcomatoid | Uwu ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri (pafupifupi 10% ya odwala onse). Mtundu uwu umakula mofulumira kwambiri ndipo ndi wovuta kuchiza. |
| Mesothelioma ya Biphasic | Uwu ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri (pakati pa 10% ndi 15%). Uli ndi mitundu yonse iwiri ya maselo yomwe ili pamwambapa. |
Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa zingakhale zotani?
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri pa matendawa ndichakuti zizindikiro zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Zingatenge zaka 15, 20, kapena 50 mutagwiritsa ntchito asbestos kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimakhala zazing'ono ngati chimfine, kotero anthu ambiri amazinyalanyaza. Chifukwa chake, akamapita kwa dokotala, khansa imatha kukhala itakula kwambiri.
Zizindikiro ziwiri zazikulu ndi izi:
- Kupweteka pachifuwa kosalekeza
- Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira)
Kuwonjezera pa izi, zinthu zotsatirazi zitha kuwonekanso:
- Chifuwa chosalekeza komanso mawu osamveka bwino
- Kuvuta kumeza (Dysphagia)
- Kupweteka kwa msana
- Kutupa kwa nkhope ndi manja
- Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chilichonse
- Thukuta la usiku
- Kutopa pafupipafupi
- Malungo omwe amabwera popanda chifukwa
Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?
Anthu ambiri omwe amadwala matendawa amakhala ndi vuto la asbestos kwa zaka zambiri chifukwa cha ntchito zawo. Taganizirani za munthu yemwe kale anali woyimba bass. Anagwira ntchito m'malo omanga ndi kumanga zombo kwa zaka zambiri. Anayamba kudwala matendawa ali ndi zaka 65 kapena 70.
Ntchito zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi izi:
- Ogwira ntchito yomanga nyumba ndi mafakitale
- Ogwira ntchito yomanga ndi kukonza zombo (makamaka omwe ankagwira ntchito m'gulu lankhondo la panyanja)
- Anthu omwe akugwetsa nyumba zakale
- Ogwira ntchito zamakanika magalimoto ndi sitima
- Opanga ndi okhazikitsa zotetezera kutentha
- Ozimitsa moto
- Opanga mapaipi
- Ogwira ntchito m'migodi
Sikuti izi zokha, komanso mungakhale pachiwopsezo:
- Ngati wina m'banja mwanu akuchita ntchito yamtunduwu, tinthu ta asbestos timeneti tingalowe m'nyumba pa zovala ndi nsapato zawo.
- Ngati mukukhala pafupi ndi mgodi wa asbestos, kapena pafupi ndi malo omwe nyumba zakale zokhala ndi asbestos zikugwetsedwa.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola?
Mukauza dokotala wanu za zizindikiro zanu, adzakuyesani, adzakufunsani za ntchito yanu, malo omwe mukukhala, ndi zina zotero kuti aone ngati muli ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingakuike pachiwopsezo. Pambuyo pake, angachite mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire matendawa.
- Mayeso Ojambula: Kaye pa X-ray pachifuwa . Izi zitha kuyang'ana zinthu monga kukhuthala kwa mapapu, pleural effusion, ndi zina zotero. Kuphatikiza apo , CT scan, MRI scan , kapena PET scan zitha kuchitidwa kuti zione komwe khansa ili komanso ngati yafalikira.
- Kuyesa Magazi: Kuyesa magazi kwina kumatha kuwona kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi khansa iyi (monga fibulin-3 ndi ma peptide osungunuka a mesothelin) m'magazi.
- Thoracentesis: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa madzi ena (madzi) omwe asonkhana m'mapapo mwanu ndi syringe ndikuyesa maselo a khansa. Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa kuuma kwa chifuwa ndi kupuma movutikira.
- Kuyeza magazi: Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yotsimikizira matendawa 100% nthawi zonse. Pa izi, chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu chimatengedwa kuchokera mu m'mimba mwa mapapo ndikuwunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti muwone ngati pali maselo a khansa. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga bronchoscopy, thoracoscopy , kapena opaleshoni ya thoracic (VATS) yothandizidwa ndi kanema .
Kodi magawo a khansa amagawidwa bwanji?
Monga khansa iliyonse, pali magawo ake. Gawo lake limatengera momwe khansayo yafalikira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti dokotala wanu akonze chithandizo chanu.
- Gawo 1: Khansa ili m'kati mwa mapapo (pleura) okha. Pa gawoli, opaleshoni ikhoza kuchitidwa kuti ayese kuchotsa khansa yonse.
- Gawo lachiwiri: Khansa yafalikira pang'ono kuposa mapapu, koma ikadali pafupi ndi komwe idayambira.
- Gawo lachitatu: Khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zapafupi ndi ma lymph nodes.
- Gawo 4: Khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zakutali (monga chiwindi, mafupa, kapena ubongo). Izi zimatchedwa metastasized .
Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?
Pleural mesothelioma ndi khansa yovuta kuchiza chifukwa imatha kufalikira mosavuta kudzera m'mitsempha, mitsempha yamagazi, ndi minofu. Chifukwa chake, madokotala a khansa nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kuphatikiza mankhwala.
- Opaleshoni: Opaleshoni ikhoza kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa khansa. Opaleshoni yotchedwa extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) imachotsa mapapo ndi minofu yozungulira. Opaleshoni yotchedwa pleurectomy yokhala ndi decortication (P/D) imachotsa mapapu okha ndi chotupa popanda kuchotsa mapapo onse.
- Chithandizo cha Radiation: Ma X-ray amphamvu kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo a khansa. Izi zitha kuchitika limodzi ndi opaleshoni kapena chemotherapy. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa zizindikiro (monga kupweteka pachifuwa).
- Mankhwala a Chemotherapy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kupatsa thupi mankhwala omwe amapha maselo a khansa kapena kuwaletsa kukula. Pemetrexed, carboplatin , ndi cisplatin ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
- Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Iyi ndi njira yatsopano yochiritsira yomwe imagwira ntchito polimbitsa chitetezo chathu chamthupi, kuithandiza kuzindikira ndi kuukira maselo a khansa.
- Chisamaliro Chochepetsa Kupweteka: Cholinga cha izi si kuchiritsa khansa. M'malo mwake, ndikuwongolera zizindikiro za wodwalayo (ululu, kupuma movutikira), kupangitsa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kukhala wosavuta, komanso kupereka mpumulo.
- Mayeso a Zachipatala: Awa ndi maphunziro omwe amayesa mankhwala ndi mankhwala aposachedwa. Mungakhale ndi mwayi wopeza mankhwala aposachedwa, monga kuphatikiza mankhwala atsopano a chemotherapy ndi immunotherapy, gene therapy , ndi photodynamic therapy .
Ngakhale kuti matendawa sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, mankhwala awa angakuthandizeni kutalikitsa moyo wanu, kuwongolera zizindikiro zanu, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
Kodi mungapewe bwanji vutoli? Ndipo nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala ndi iti?
Njira yabwino yopewera Pleural Mesothelioma ndikupewa kupuma tinthu ta asbestos mumlengalenga. Tsopano, kugwiritsa ntchito asbestos kwaletsedwanso ku Sri Lanka. Komabe, izi zitha kupezekabe m'nyumba ndi nyumba zomwe zili ndi zaka zoposa 20-30.
- Ngati mukukonzanso nyumba yakale, makamaka ngati mukusintha zinthu monga denga kapena denga, funsani munthu wodziwa bwino kuti akafufuze ngati pali asbestos.
- Ngati mukuchotsa asbestos, ikani ntchitoyi ku kampani yophunzitsidwa bwino ntchitoyi.
- Ngati mumagwira ntchito yoopsa, nthawi zonse valani zophimba nkhope ndi zovala zoyenera . Pewani kubweretsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala pa zovala zanu.
Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya matenda a asbestos ndipo mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo:
- Kupweteka kumbuyo kapena pachifuwa
- Chifuwa chosalekeza kapena mawu osamveka bwino
- Kuvuta kupuma kapena kumeza
- Kutupa kwa nkhope
- Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa
Funsani dokotala wanu za zinthu izi:
- Kodi ndili ndi mtundu wanji wa Pleural Mesothelioma?
- Kodi ndili mu siteji iti ya khansa?
- Ndi chithandizo chiti chomwe chili chabwino kwa ine?
- Kodi mankhwala amenewa adzandithandiza kukhala ndi moyo wautali? Kodi adzachepetsa zizindikiro zanga?
- Kodi mungatani kuti muchepetse zotsatirapo za chithandizo?
- Kodi pali mayeso aliwonse azachipatala omwe ndingatenge nawo mbali?
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Pleural mesothelioma ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri yomwe imayamba m'mapapo. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kupuma tinthu ta asbestos.
- Zizindikiro (kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma) zingatenge zaka zambiri kuti ziwonekere, choncho musanyalanyaze.
- Ngati muli ndi mbiri yokhudzana ndi asbestos (makamaka pantchito monga zomangamanga kapena zamakaniko a magalimoto) ndipo mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa, funsani upangiri wachipatala nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngakhale kuti matendawa sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, opaleshoni, chithandizo cha radiation, chemotherapy, ndi mankhwala atsopano amatha kuwongolera zizindikiro ndikuwonjezera moyo.
- Kupewa ndikwabwino kwambiri. Dzitetezeni ku fumbi la asbestos momwe mungathere.
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