Kudziwa kuti mudzakhala mayi kumabweretsa malingaliro ambiri, ndipo mwadzidzidzi, mukukumana ndi mayeso angapo azachipatala . Ndizachilendo kumva nkhawa pang'ono kapena kufuna kudziwa zambiri za iwo. Mwina mumadzifunsa kuti, "Kodi mayeso onsewa ndi ofunikira? Akufuna chiyani kwenikweni?" Tiyeni tigawane mayeso awa a mimba pamodzi, mwachidule komanso momveka bwino.
N’chifukwa chiyani mayeso amenewa ndi ofunikira kwambiri?
Njira yabwino yoganizira za kuyezetsa mimba ndi yakuti kumagwira ntchito ngati njira yodzitetezera kwa inu ndi mwana wanu. Nthawi zambiri, mayesowa amapereka chitsimikizo chotsimikizira kuti chilichonse chikuyenda bwino momwe chiyenera kukhalira. Pali mtendere wamumtima wodziwa kuti mwana wanu ali ndi thanzi labwino, sichoncho?
Kuphatikiza apo, kuyezetsa kumeneku kumatithandiza kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda msanga. Mwachitsanzo, kuyezetsako kungathe kuzindikira kusowa kwa ayoni ( kusowa magazi m'thupi ) kapena matenda a shuga a mimba . Ngati atapezeka, dokotala wanu angayambitse chithandizo chofunikira nthawi yomweyo kuti atsimikizire zotsatira zabwino kwambiri kwa inu ndi mwana wanu.
Mayeso ena amayesa matenda a majini, monga Down syndrome , cystic fibrosis , kapena spina bifida . Ndizachibadwa kuti makolo azikhala ndi nkhawa akamakambirana za mayesowa.
Chofunika kwambiri kukumbukira ndichakuti mayeso owunikira awa amangosonyeza kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo. Sapereka chidziwitso chotsimikizika . Amangotiuza ngati pali chiopsezo chachikulu kuposa chapakati, zomwe zimathandiza gulu lanu lachipatala kusankha ngati pakufunika kuyezetsa kwina kozindikira matenda.
Musanapite patsogolo, khalani ndi kukambirana momasuka komanso moona mtima ndi dokotala wanu . Funsani mafunso okhudza zomwe mayesowo akuyang'ana, kulondola kwake, zoopsa zomwe zingachitike, komanso zomwe mungachite ngati zotsatira zake sizili zomwe mumayembekezera. Kupeza chidziwitso kuchokera kwa dokotala wanu ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopitira patsogolo ndi chidaliro.
Tsopano, tiyeni tiwone mayeso ofunikira omwe mungakumane nawo m'miyezi isanu ndi inayi ikubwerayi.
Mayeso a Trimester Yoyamba (Miyezi 1-3)
Nazi zina mwa njira zoyezera matenda zomwe zimachitika m'miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya mimba.
| Mayeso | Zimene imayang'ana |
|---|---|
| Mayeso a Magazi | Izi zimayesa mtundu wa magazi anu ndi Rh factor, chitetezo cha mthupi lanu ku rubella, kuchuluka kwa iron (hemoglobin), komanso kuyeza matenda monga Hepatitis B, syphilis, ndi HIV. Nthawi zina, mayeso a matenda obadwa nawo monga thalassemia kapena sickle cell anemia amaphatikizidwanso. |
| Mayeso a Mkodzo | Izi zimazindikira matenda a impso ndipo zimatsimikizira kuti muli ndi pakati kudzera mu kuchuluka kwa hCG. Pa nthawi yonse ya mimba yanu, mkodzo wanu udzayesedwa shuga (chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga) ndi albumin (puloteni yomwe ingakhale chizindikiro cha preeclampsia, kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi). |
| Kupaka Pap ndi Ma Swabs | Kuyeza magazi m'chiberekero (Pap smear) kungathandizenso kudziwa ngati pali matenda opatsirana pogonana monga chlamydia kapena chinzonono, kapena mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse kubadwa msanga. Kuchiza matendawa msanga kumateteza mwana wanu ku mavuto. |
| Kusankha Zitsanzo za Chorionic Villus (CVS) | Iyi si mayeso achizolowezi. Amaperekedwa kwa amayi azaka zopitilira 35 kapena omwe ali ndi mbiri ya matenda a majini m'banja lawo. Akachitika pakati pa milungu 10 ndi 12, amatha kuzindikira matenda a majini. Pali chiopsezo chochepa, pafupifupi 1% cha kutaya mimba chifukwa cha njirayi. |
Kumvetsetsa Mayeso Ophatikizana
Posachedwapa, njira zamakono zapezeka zowunikira chiopsezo cha matenda monga Down syndrome. Pakati pa masabata 10 ndi 14, dokotala wanu angayang'ane kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a hCG ndi PAP-A m'magazi. Izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi ultrasound scan kuti ayesere makulidwe a malo omwe ali kumbuyo kwa khosi la mwana, omwe amadziwika kuti nuchal translucency . Deta yophatikizidwayi imapereka kuwunika kolondola kwambiri kwa chiopsezo.
Mayeso a Trimester Yachiwiri (Miyezi 4-6)
Nayi mayeso ofunikira omwe mungakumane nawo pakati pa ulendo wanu woyembekezera.
| Mayeso | Zimene imayang'ana |
|---|---|
| Kuwunika Zizindikiro Zambiri | Kuyezetsa magazi kumeneku kumachitika pakati pa milungu 15 ndi 18, ndipo kumayesa alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ndi mahomoni ena awiri. Kuchuluka kosazolowereka kungasonyeze chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha Down syndrome kapena zolakwika za neural-tube. Kumbukiraninso kuti uku ndi kuwunika zoopsa, osati matenda. |
| Kujambula kwa Ultrasound | Kawirikawiri imachitika pakati pa milungu 18 ndi 20, 'Anomaly Scan' iyi imalola dokotala wanu kuwona mwatsatanetsatane kukula kwa ziwalo za mwana wanu. Imawonanso kukula kwa mwana wanu, malo ake, komwe placenta ili, komanso ngati mukuyembekezera mapasa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kwa makolo, chifukwa ndi mwayi wowona mwana wanu bwino! |
| Kuwunika Shuga | Pakati pa milungu 25 ndi 28, mudzayesedwa matenda a shuga a mimba. Mudzamwa madzi a shuga, ndipo shuga m'magazi mwanu adzayesedwa patatha ola limodzi. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuli kokwera, mayeso oti Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) adzatsatiridwa kuti atsimikizire matendawa. |
| Amniocentesis | Monga CVS, izi si zachilendo. Zimalimbikitsidwa kwa amayi azaka zopitilira 35 kapena omwe adapezeka ndi zotsatira zoyipa kale. Pakati pa masabata 15 ndi 18, singano imatsogozedwa ndi ultrasound kuti ichotse chitsanzo cha madzi amniotic. Kuyesaku ndi kolondola ndi 99% pozindikira matenda enaake a majini, ndipo chiopsezo chotaya mimba ndi chochepa kwambiri cha pafupifupi 0.5%. |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mayeso a mimba ndi zida zokuthandizani kukhala ndi mtendere wamumtima komanso chitetezo cha mwana wanu, osati chinthu choopsa.
- Mayeso ambiri amathandiza kuzindikira matenda omwe angathe kuchiritsidwa msanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotsatira zake zikhale zotetezeka.
- Kuyezetsa matenda a majini kumangosonyeza kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo; sizikutanthauza kuti mwana wanu ali ndi vuto.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena mafunso, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu momasuka . Iwo alipo kuti akuthandizeni kupanga chisankho chabwino kwambiri pa vuto lanu lapadera.
- Ulendo uwu ndi wokongola komanso wosintha moyo. Mayeso awa ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti njira yanu ikhale yotetezeka.
Mayeso a mimba, mimba, ultrasound, mayeso a magazi, amniocentesis, Down syndrome
